Composition, properties and occurence of human myoglobin (hMb) were described.Methods for immunological assay of hMb were persented.Localization of antigenic determinants in myoglobin molecule was shown.Value of assay of hMb in serum and urine for early diagnosis of myocardial infarct and some other muscle dieases was discussed.
In the paper examinations of a lightguide sensor on the base of gradient index multimode interference structures are presented. Investigated structures were fabricated in potassium-sodium ion exchange process. Multimode interference sensor was designed for ammonia detection. Bromocresol purple covering the multimode section was used as a sensing layer. Numerical calculations were performed with the use of modal analysis and beam propagation method to optimise sensor geometry and sensing layer thickness. Experimental results show the possibility of ammonia detection from the concentration of tens ppm.
Results of studies on birth control vaccines acomplished by many research groups within the WHO Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction has been reviewed.The mostly investigated contraceptive vaccines contain human chorionic gonadotropin, and therefore structure, biological role and immunogenecity of the hormone were presented.Also vaccines obtained on teh basis of subunit beta of the human chorionic gonadotropin, its heterodimer with subunit beta of ovine lutropin or C-terminal peptide of beta subunit were described.Results of two phases of clinical trials with immuno-contraceptive vaccines were persented.The use of contraceptive vaccines for treatment of some trophoblastic tumors and the idea of using contraceptive recombinant vaccines were also mentioned.
Luliberin (luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone, LHRH) is the key regulatory decapeptide that controls reproduction in mammals. It is secreted by the hypothalamus and after binding to a specific receptor it initiates a series of events leading to the liberation of lutropin (LH) and finally steroid sex hormones. In some case, the infertility in females and males may be explained by mutations of the LH or LHRH receptor genes. Immunisation of animals with LHRH conjugates induces high titres of antibodies, resulting in the cessation of the biological function of the hormone and, in the end, in a temporary infertility. In this review, the application of LHRH vaccines as birth control for women and men was presented. Being effective and inexpensive, semisynthetic LHRH vaccines are useful in the animal breading for immunocastration,. The best vaccines are totally synthetic LHRH ones, which are much safer than the CG- or LH-vaccines based on antigens isolated from human material, which may be contaminated with pathogens.
The paper presents the analysis results of a waveguide sensor based on multimode interference structures. The multimode section was covered with sensor material. The change of optical parameters of the cover entails the change of propagation conditions of light in the structure. By measuring the light intensity at the output of the structure, we can define external physicochemical parameters to which the sensor layer is sensitive. The paper presents the method to adjust the sensitivity of the device through a proper selection of the thickness of the particular layers of multimode waveguides. We present, among others, the analysis results of optical systems whose parameters of the sensor layer corresponded with the parameters of wolfram oxide (WO_3), being the material frequently applied as a gas-sensitive layer in gas sensors. We have proposed a configuration of a sensor based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer whereof one arm is a multimode section and the other one a single mode waveguide. The detection method was narrowed down here to the measurement of phase difference between the waves propagating in the respective arms.
The aim of the work is the presentation of operating principle and properties of multimode interference structure devices made in gradient index technology by K^{+} and Na^{+} ion exchange method from the point of view of optical sensor design. Numerical analysis was performed using beam propagation method. Analyzed sensor structures are covered by nanolayers whose refractive index higher than the multimode interference section index is the reason for the concentration of wave propagation energy in the sensor layer area and its vicinity. Modifications of external propagation conditions change the refractive index and extinction coefficient of a sensor layer. The variation of optical properties leads to the modification of waveguiding conditions in the multimode interference coupler.
Heterodimeric composition and amino acid sequence of hLH is reviewed.The hormone isoforms and methods of their assay are sumarized.Releasing of the hormone, its control by synthetic antagonists and agonists and their sigificance for therapy are described.Structure and function of hLH receptor are presented.
Luliberin ? luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) is the first link in hypothalamus-pituitary-gonads axis which participates in reproduction. This hormone and lutropin are released from immunological cells, however antagonists of LHRH inhibit this action. Some cytokines (IL-1?, GM-CSF) inhibit release of LHRH and other (IL-6, INF-?) stimulate this release.
The paper presents the research on waveguide sensors based on multimode interference structures. In the modeled systems, the applied sensor layer was used as the cover of the multimode section. The cover of the multimode section can be made of material sensitive to the changes of definite external conditions, and through a proper selection of this material the sensor can be adapted to the detection of various physicochemical quantities. In effect of the changes of optical parameters of the sensor layer, the propagation conditions change, which can be easily observed in the location changes of N-fold images of the input field. In the paper we have investigated and compared the systems based on waveguides having step index profile and gradient distribution of refractive index. We have demonstrated that the sensitivity of such systems can be adjusted through a proper selection of the dimensions of the multimode section.
Luliberyn plays a pivotal role in the reproductive system. Its analogs have wide therapeutic applications ranging form the treatment of some human cancers, gynecological and sexually transmitted diseases to animal breeding. In the article, the development of luliberin agonists and antagonists and the principles of their application were briefly reviewed. Sequences of some important natural and synthetic analogs were presented. Carcinogenic and biodegradation resistable derivatives of luliberin analogs were also described.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein containing varied amount of sialic acid. This is a reason of numerous LH isoforms called also isohormones. The hormone isoforms were separated usually by gelelectrophoresis, isoelectrofocusing or chromatofocusing. They differ in biological and immunological activity. Human and some animals LH isoforms were reviewed. Also some genetic mutants of LH are described. Problems of the human isoforms for pathology and diagnostics are presented.
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