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EN
Article focuses on the common phenomenon of involvement in the activities on the internet, such as participating in social networks. The measurement tool of a sense of virtual integration among internet users, is proposed. So-called, the VSI indicator (Virtual Social Integration) is defined as a need of affiliation that enhances in a virtual environment during online activities in social context. Presented studies show reliability and the validity of the measurement scale. The significances of internet users’ sense of social support, their number of online relationships and online activities’ diversity, are evidenced in relations with investigated VSI. Furthermore, there is no relation between VSI and internet addiction. Thus, it is identified as a beneficial social phenomenon that is a common practice of maintaining social bonds into virtual environment.
EN
In most studies, paired bilingual programs turned out to be more effective in L2 (usually English) literacy acquisition than other types of programs. L1 reading proficiency was shown to foster second language reading acquisition across many languages. However, little is known about L1 reading acquisition in bilingual programs. The study examines the effect of a paired-bilingual education program conducted in Polish (L1) and English (L2) on word reading fluency in Polish as L1 after an average of 1 and 2.5 years of literacy training. 61 Polish children obtaining Polish-only literacy training and 54 children obtaining the paired-bilingual Polish-English literacy training completed word and pseudoword reading and onset-rhyme (rhyme production) and phoneme awareness (phoneme deletion and phonemic differentiation) tasks in Polish. Also Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) and English (L2) word fluency were tested. A strong main effect of the literacy level was observed, pointing to a progressive tendency in reading efficiency in both groups of children. Moreover, a significant interaction between the group and literacy level was documented. Beginner readers (after one year of literacy instruction) from the monolingual literacy group showed a higher word reading proficiency than students from the paired-bilingual. However, after two and a half years of literacy training children from the paired-bilingual group achieved significantly higher results in Polish word reading than their peers from the monolingual group. Phonological awareness predicted reading fluency in both groups, but no significant differences between the groups were found suggesting other predictors to be responsible for the bilingual group’s advantage.
PL
Trudności w nauce matematyki to problem dotykający około 40% uczniów, a nieścisłości terminologiczne i problemy w obszarze diagnozy są w tym zakresie ogromne. W prezentowanej pracy podjęto próbę ujednolicenia terminologii poprzez zdefiniowanie podstawowych pojęć – zdolności numerycznych, umiejętności arytmetycznych oraz wiadomości matematycznych. Przedstawiono również autorski Model Rozwoju kompetencji Matematycznych. Celem przeprowadzonych analiz było sprawdzenie, czy uczniowie z dyskalkulią wykazują zaburzenia zdolności numerycznych i umiejętności arytmetycznych czy też deficyt w zakresie wiedzy z zakresu pojęć matematycznych. Badania przeprowadzone zostały wśród 111 uczniów w wieku 11-12 lat, z rozpoznaniem (1) dyskalkulii rozwojowej, (2) izolowanej dysleksji oraz (3) mieszanych zaburzeń uczenia się. W badaniach wykorzystano test kalkulia III oraz podtesty Arytmetyka i Wiadomości zaczerpnięte ze skali Inteligencji Wechslera dla Dzieci (WIsC-R). niższy iloraz i wiek matematyczny, a także zaobserwowane niedojrzałe strategie liczenia i szacowania pozwoliły z dużym prawdopodobieństwem wskazać na deficyt w zakresie zdolności numerycznych, a także zaburzenie umiejętności arytmetycznych w grupie dzieci z izolowaną dyskalkulią.
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