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EN
In-water corrective exercises and corrective swimming are a very important element of prevention and correction of body posture defects. These occupancies are more frequently being used in modern treatment of these conditions. Advantageous influence of corrective exercises in water is predefined with specificity of water environment. The organization of corrective process is highly significant for successful final effects. The main aim of this review was to collect all organizational questions that may become useful for future instructors who want to carry the correction process effectively. The authors, based on literature review, personal knowledge and their experiences assembled most important organizational questions about swimming and in-water corrective exercises in case of multiply-curves scoliosis.
EN
The aim of this study was to find out whether Masters class swimming affects strength disproportion and if there is a correlation between the length of sport swimming training in Masters swimmer’s past (SST) and strength parameter’s deficits? Eighteen Masters category swimmers affiliated in Szczecin Masters Team (178.3 ±2.28 m; 77.9 ±2.86 kg) participated in the study. Isokinetic strength measurement was made on Biodex S4 dynamometer. Subjects performed shoulder flexion/extension moves: 3 repetitions – 60 deg/sec and 20 repetitions – 180 deg/sec. Following values were used: peak torque (PT), maximal repetition work (MRW), coefficient of variation (COV), total work (TW), average power (AP), agonist to antagonist ratio (AG:AN). None of the investigated variables were statistically significant in side to side comparison. All of the parameters were higher in extension. Also, no statistically significant difference between sides in AG:AN. Moderate positive correlation was found between SST and PT deficit in extension movement (0.420). Also low positive correlation between SST and PT deficit in flexion (0.396), and MRW deficit in extension (0.352). Masters class swimming did not affect side strength disproportion or agonist to antagonist differences. However, it is possible that swimming training in other categories does.
EN
Critical moments during gymnastic exercises are those related to landing and suppressing overloads, transmitted through lower limbs. A swimmer’s lower limbs provide a good body position in the water and maintain the balance. Both in sports authors postulate reaching bilateral, steady development of the athlete’s body. The main aim was identification and a comparative analysis of the hip, knee and ankle joints flexors and extensors strength, of highly qualified gymnasts and swimmers. Ten healthy subjects participated in the investigation. Five gymnasts (22.2 ±7.3 y.o., 169.4 ±3.91 cm, 64.4 ±3.78 kg) and five swimmers (20.5 ±1.3 y.o., 186.2 ±1.64 cm, 78.4 ±2.61 kg) were highly qualified Polish athletes. Strength measurements were made on Biodex S4 isokinetic dynamometer. Subjects performed hip extension/flexion in lying position, knee extension/flexion and ankle plantar/dorsi flexion. Strength parameters of the lower limbs differentiate gymnasts and swimmers. Lower limb’s strength parameters can be used during training, control, selection or prevention. To achieve a high sport level, swimmers must demonstrate higher strength parameters of lower limbs than gymnasts. The value of work in the maximum repetition (MRW) should be thoroughly analyzed. Highly qualified gymnasts and swimmers should take into account the harmonious, bilateral strength development of the lower limbs.
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