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EN
Introduction: Haemangiomas are the most common benign tumours of the liver. Most of them are asymptomatic. Giant hepatic haemangioma is defined as size greater than 5 cm in diameter. The surgical treatment for giant hepatic haemangioma is not very well defined and reported. Here we analysed the treatment outcome of giant hepatic haemangiomas and redefined the nomenclature according to the size and proposing an algorithm for management of all hepatic haemangiomas. Material and Methods: Retrospective analyses of 6 giant hepatic haemangioma more than 10 cm in size treated by a single surgeon were included. The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, managements and outcomes were recorded. Review of literature was done for definitions, management strategies and outcome of giant haemangiomas and an algorithm was proposed. Results: Five patients were female and the mean age was 36.6 years (range 32 to 45). Pain abdomen was the most common symptoms (100%). Ultrasound abdomen was the initial diagnostic modality followed by contrast enhanced computed tomography. The mean size of haemangioma was 17.4cm (range 12cm to 32cm). Four patients had haemangioma in the left lobe and two had in the right lobe of liver. Formal hepatectomy was done in three patients and enucleation was done in three patients. The mean operating time was 3.66 hours (range 2.5 hours to 5 hours). The mean blood loss was 840ml (range 300ml to 1500ml). There was no surgical morbidity or mortality. On follow-up no haemangioma related complications are reported. Conclusions: Giant hepatic haemangioma is mostly symptomatic. Hepatectomy and enucleation can be done without significant morbidity and mortality. There is a need for redefining the nomenclature of giant hepatic haemangiomas according to the size.
EN
Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Studies have reported internal stenting of the pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) to reduce POPF, but it is still controversial. Aim: In this study, we compared the outcome of internal stenting across the PJ to reduce POPF following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and described our technique of putting the internal stent across the PJ and in to the main pancreatic duct. Materials and methods: Fifty patients undergoing elective PD were included. Patients were divided into two groups in a randomized fashion; Group A (n = 25) without internal stenting across the PJ and Group B (n = 25) with internal stenting of the PJ. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of POPF. Results: Both groups were comparable in demographics, comorbidities, pathologies, pancreatic texture and pancreatic duct diameter. Out of 50 patients studied, a total of 23 (46.0%) patients developed postoperative pancreatic fistula. Ten (40%) in group A and 13 (52%) in group B (p = 0.156). Sixteen patients (32%) developed Grade A and 7 (14%) patients had Grade B postoperative pancreatic fistula. In group A, 6 patients developed grade A and 4 patients developed grade B postoperative pancreatic fistula. In group B, 10 patients developed grade A and 3 patients developed grade B postoperative pancreatic fistula. There was no Grade C fistula. All patients had satisfactory recovery after conservative management. Eight patients (16%) developed delayed gastric emptying [5 in group A and 3 in group B; p = 0.366]. Six patients developed a superficial surgical site infection (2 in group A and 4 in group B; p = 0.445). The length of hospital stay was comparable between the two groups. There was no mortality. Conclusion: Internal stenting of PJ does not decrease the rate of POPF after PD.
PL
Wprowadzenie: Pooperacyjna przetoka trzustkowa (POPF) wiąże się z wysoką zachorowalnością i śmiertelnością. Badania wykazały, że wewnętrzne stentowanie pankreatojejunostomii (PJ) może zmniejszyć POPF, ale metoda ta nadal budzi kontrowersje. Cel: W niniejszej pracy porównano wyniki zastosowania stentowania wewnętrznego przez PJ w celu zmniejszenia POPF po pankreatoduodenektomii (PD) i opisano technikę zakładania stentu wewnętrznego przez PJ do głównego przewodu trzustkowego. Materiały i metody: Do badania włączono 50 pacjentów poddanych elektywnej PD. Zrandomizowano ich do jednej z dwóch grup: Grupa A (n = 25) bez stentowania wewnętrznego przez PJ i Grupa B (n = 25) z wewnętrznym stentowaniem PJ. Pierwszorzędowym punktem końcowym było wystąpienie POPF. Wyniki: Obie grupy były porównywalne pod względem: danych demograficznych, chorób współistniejących, patologii, struktury trzustki i średnicy przewodu trzustkowego. Spośród 50 badanych pacjentów, u 23 (46,0%) rozwinęła się POPF – u 10 (40%) w grupie A i 13 (52%) w grupie B (p = 0,156). U 13 chorych (32%) rozwinęła się przetoka pooperacyjna trzustki stopnia A, a u 7 (14%) – stopnia B. W grupie A u 6 chorych rozwinęła się przetoka pooperacyjna stopnia A, a u 4 stopnia B. W grupie B u 10 chorych rozwinęła się przetoka pooperacyjna trzustki stopnia A, a u 3 stopnia B. Nie stwierdzono przetoki stopnia C. U wszystkich osób uzyskano zadowalający powrót do zdrowia po leczeniu zachowawczym. U 8 pacjentów (16%) wystąpiło opóźnienie opróżniania żołądka (5 w grupie A i 3 w grupie B; p = 0,366). U 6 pacjentów pojawiło się powierzchowne zakażenie miejsca operowanego (2 w grupie A i 4 w grupie B; p = 0,445). Długość pobytu w szpitalu była porównywalna w obu grupach. Nie odnotowano zgonów. Wnioski: Wewnętrzne stentowanie PJ nie zmniejsza częstości występowania POPF po PD.
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