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The effects on soil/water/plant/animal systems by platinum group elements

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Sobrova P., Zehnalek J., Adam V., Beklova M., Kizek R.

Open Chemistry

2012

vol. 10

issue 5

1369-1382

Emissions of toxic substances such as oxides of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, and, in addition, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes and heavy metals are the most serious problem of road traffic affecting landscape. Platinum group elements (PGE), which are the main component of the catalyst, are one of the main sources of heavy metals in the environment. Here, we review the way by which emissions and forms of the emitted PGE end up in the environment especially to the soil-water-plant-animal system. The major points discussed are the following: 1) the main sources of PGE emission are automobile exhaust catalysts; 2) hospitals, where platinum is widely used to treat malignant neoplasm, and urban waste water belonging to other important sources of PGE in the environment; 3) soil is one of the most important components of the environment that may be contaminated with platinum metals; 4) phytotoxicity of PGE depends on the following conditions: the concentration of metals in the soil, time of exposure, the chemical form of metal, the chemical composition of exposed soil and plant species; 5) animals are also endangered by the increasing concentration of PGE in the environment. Moreover, we pay our attention to thiol-based mechanisms of how an organism protects itself against platinum group elements. [...]

Effect of selenium in organic and inorganic form on liver, kidney, brain and muscle of Wistar rats

73%

Sochor J., Pohanka M., Ruttkay-Nedecky B., Zitka O., Hynek D., Mares P., Zeman L., Adam V., Kizek R.

Open Chemistry

2012

vol. 10

issue 5

1442-1451

Selenium is a micronutrient, localized in the active sites of enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, and participating together with these enzymes in an antioxidant defence system of organisms against free radicals. Administration of selenium is necessary for maintaining oxidative homeostasis. The present experiment is aimed at investigation of selenium impact on basal metabolic processes and selected antioxidants in a Wistar rat model, fed selenium in organic and inorganic forms. Liver, kidney, brain and muscle were sampled during a month-long feeding with four different doses of selenium (0.075 mg or 1.5 mg of inorganic and/or organic selenium per kg of feed). We found a significant reduction in glutathione level in liver tissue regardless of the form of the administered selenium. On the other hand, selenium caused a decreased glutathione reductase level in the liver and metallothionein level in the liver, kidney and muscle. [...]

Serum metallothionein in newly diagnosed patients with childhood solid tumours

73%

Krizkova S., Masarik M., Majzlik P., Kukacka J., Kruseova J., Adam V., Prusa R., Eckschlager T., Stiborova M., Kizek R.

Tumour markers are substances produced by malignant cells or by the organism as a response to cancer development. Determination of their levels can, therefore, be used to monitor the risk, presence and prognosis of a cancer disease or to monitor the therapeutic response or early detection of residual disease. Time-consuming imaging methods, examination of cerebrospinal fluid or tumour tissue and assays for hormones and tumour markers have been used for cancer diagnosis. However, no specific marker for diagnosis of childhood solid tumours has been discovered yet. In this study, metallothionein (MT) was evaluated as a prospective marker for such diseases. Serum metallothionein levels of patients with childhood solid tumours were determined using differential pulse voltammetry - Brdicka reaction. A more than 5-fold increase in the amount of metallothionein was found in sera of patients suffering from cancer disease, compared with those in sera of healthy donors. The average metallothionein level in the sera of healthy volunteers was 0.5 ± 0.2 μmol · dm-3 and was significantly different (p<0.05, determined using the Schefe test) from the average MT level found in serum samples of patients suffering from childhood solid tumours (3.4 ± 0.8 μmol · dm-3). Results found in this work indicate that the MT level in blood serum can be considered as a promising marker for diagnostics, prognosis and estimation of therapy efficiency of childhood tumours.

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2 Open Chemistry

1 Acta Biochimica Polonica

2 2012

1 2010

3 Adam V.

3 Kizek R.

1 Beklova M.

1 Eckschlager T.

1 Hynek D.

1 Krizkova S.

1 Kruseova J.

1 Kukacka J.

1 Majzlik P.

1 Mares P.

1 Masarik M.

1 Pohanka M.

1 Prusa R.

1 Ruttkay-Nedecky B.

1 Sobrova P.

1 Sochor J.

1 Stiborova M.

1 Zehnalek J.

1 Zeman L.

1 Zitka O.

Search results

The effects on soil/water/plant/animal systems by platinum group elements

Effect of selenium in organic and inorganic form on liver, kidney, brain and muscle of Wistar rats

Serum metallothionein in newly diagnosed patients with childhood solid tumours