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Empowering Crops: How Organic, Agronomic Practices and Technology Can Fortify Our Fields

100%
Hayat M. K., Khan A. R., Klutse S., Rasool M. W., Mohsin M.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2025
|
vol. 59
358-383
EN
Global food security hinges on boosting crop productivity to meet the projected 44% surge in food demand by 2050. Current agricultural systems face significant challenges from both abiotic and biotic stressors. Abiotic factors like drought, heat, and salinity, and biotic factors such as pests, diseases, and weeds, severely limit crop yields. Drought alone can decimate wheat yields by up to 21% and maize yields by a staggering 40%. Healthy soil is paramount for robust crop production. Soil rich in organic matter fosters nutrient uptake, water retention, and beneficial microbial activity, all critical for plant growth. A thriving soil ecosystem supports strong root development, disease resistance, and improved soil structure, enhancing aeration and drainage. Research indicates that soil fertility contributes to as much as 60% of crop yield, highlighting its crucial role. However, climate change, population growth, and resource depletion strain agricultural systems. Water scarcity, pests, diseases, nutrient imbalances, and extreme weather events further threaten crop productivity. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach centered on soil health. Sustainable soil management practices, including cover cropping, reduced tillage, and the use of organic amendments, are essential for restoring and maintaining soil health. These practices improve soil structure, water infiltration, and nutrient cycling, creating a more resilient and productive agricultural system. Precision agriculture, using technologies like remote sensing and GIS, optimizes resource use and crop management. Data analysis of soil, crop, and environmental factors enables targeted interventions and customized input application, maximizing yields and minimizing environmental impact. Integrating precision agriculture with soil health management builds resilient agricultural systems crucial for global food security. This combined approach supports a sustainable agricultural future capable of feeding the growing population while protecting the environment.
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Maximizing Cotton Yield and Quality: The Interplay of Canopy Structure and Planting Density

73%
Klutse S., Duncan G. B., Akomaning I., Faisal M., Iqbal A., Rasool M. W., Belizaire P. J., Botchway E., Hayat M. K., BA O.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2025
|
vol. 59
413-429
EN
Cotton, a globally significant cash crop, demands optimized cultivation practices to ensure sustainable yields and superior fiber quality. This study underscores the critical role of canopy management and planting density in achieving these objectives. By strategically manipulating canopy architecture through techniques such as pruning and chemical topping, growers can significantly enhance light penetration and nutrient distribution within the cotton plant. These practices contribute to improved boll development, increased boll number, and enhanced boll weight, ultimately boosting overall yield. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of planting density in optimizing light interception and microclimate conditions within the canopy. Higher planting densities generally lead to increased light interception, which positively impacts photosynthesis and subsequent yield. However, it is crucial to find the optimal balance as excessive density can negatively impact boll weight and fiber quality. The complex interplay between canopy management and planting density is evident in their influence on various physiological parameters. Canopy temperature, water-use efficiency, and nitrogen uptake are significantly affected by these factors. By carefully managing canopy structure and plant spacing, growers can create favorable microclimatic conditions for cotton growth and development. In nut shells, highlights the need for a holistic approach to cotton cultivation, emphasizing the integration of canopy management and planting density strategies. By optimizing these factors, farmers can improve resource utilization, enhance yield, and maintain fiber quality, thereby contributing to the sustainability and profitability of cotton production.
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