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  1. 1051 Biotechnologia

  2. 21 World News of Natural Sciences

  3. 6 Zeszyty Naukowe Towarzystwa Doktorantów Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Nauki Ścisłe

  4. 3 Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives

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  1. 1 2024

  2. 2 2023

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  4. 3 2021

  5. 2 2020

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  1. 28 Grajek W.

  2. 19 Twardowski T.

  3. 17 Figlerowicz M.

  4. 17 Smorag Z.

  5. 16 Galas E.

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1

The comparison of praziquantel biotransformation in silico and in vitro

100%
Godawska A., Pekala E., Kiec-Kononowicz K.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 1
215-222
EN
Praziquantel (PZQ) is a drug which is used by choice to schistosomiasis treatment. Currently, it is used in malaria treatment. PZQ undergoes extensive metabolism in human body, mainly in liver, by two cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes 2B1 and 3A. As a result of these biotransformations, numerous mono- and dihydroxylated derivates in B, C and D rings are formed. Only one metabolite has been identified and described, it is 4-hydroxypraziquantel (4-OH-PZQ). So for, the metabolites out of PZQ biotransformation were obtained under the influence of Cunnighamelle echinulata and Beauveria bassiana. There were the derivatives in position C7 and in D-ring (position is unknown). In our research, we would like to create a new model of PZQ biotransformation in vitro. For such purpose, Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used. The results of PZQ biotransformation in vitro under the influence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared with computer simulation of PZQ metabolism performed by the use of Metabol Expert program.
2

Artificial activation of porcine oocytes in somatic cell cloning procedure - biotechnological, genetic and epigenetic aspects

100%
Samiec M.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 3
85-110
EN
In the somatic cell cloning of pigs, nuclear transfer-derived oocytes are artificially stimulated with the use one of the three experimental protocols: 1) electrical, chemical or physicochemical delayed activation (i.e., post-activation); 2) simultaneous fusion and electrical activation (SF-EA) or simultaneous electrofusion and physicochemical activation, as well as 3) chemical sequential (combined) electrical and chemical activation. In the first activation protocol, somatic cell nuclei at G0/G1 or G2/M stages are introduced into enucleated Metaphase II oocytes (ooplasts), which are activated 30 minutes to several hours after nuclear transfer. In the second activation protocol, somatic cell nuclei at G1 or G0 stage are introduced into non-activated Metaphase II ooplasts and simultaneously obtained clonal nuclear-cytoplasmic hybrids are activated. In turn, the third activation protocol includes the SF-EA followed by an additional treatment of the reconstituted oocytes with chemical factors, which is initiated after a 1.5-2-h delay. The concentration of calcium cations in the fusion/activation medium affects not only the transition from meiotic to mitotic control of cell cycle of clonal cybrids, but also the degree of ploidy of reconstructed zygotes as a result of both emission of second polar body and formation of pseudopronucleus/pseudopronuclei. The artificial stimulation of reconstituted oocytes also determines the processes of architectural remodeling and epigenetic reprogramming of donor cell nuclei in nuclear-transferred embryos. Moreover, the transcriptional and translational activity of genes (eg Oct-3/Oct-4) that are crucial for preimplantation development of porcine cloned embryos is dependent on physicochemical parameters of calcium oscillations induced by activation of clonal nuclear-cytoplasmic hybrids.
3

Lysostaphin sources and applications

100%
Szweda P., Kotlowski R., Kur J.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 4
28-45
EN
Lysostaphin is a zinc metalloproteinase extracted from Staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus that degrades the cell wall of almost all known staphylococcal species. The target of the lysostaphin activity is the pentaglycine interpeptide bridges of the unique staphylococcal peptidoglycan, where the enzyme cleaves the Gly-Gly bond and lyses cells in all metabolic states (growing, resting, or heat killed). The specificity of the pentaglycine peptide is very high and other gram-positive and gram?negative bacteria are not susceptible to this enzyme. The unique biological activity of lysostaphin presents numerous possibilities for applications of this enzyme in the medical, veterinary, food industry and research fields. Lysostaphin is frequently used as a staphylolytic agent for the liberation of intracellular enzymes, nucleic acids, and cell membrane and surface components. Lysostaphin was tested as a chemotherapeutic agent. Lysostaphin application was also shown to be effective in reducing the nasal carriage of S. aureus in humans. There are also examples for application of this enzyme in food protection.
4

The effects of 2,4-D, NAA and picloram on callus induction and somatic embryogenesis in ornamental asparagus

100%
Kepczynski J., Zielinska S., Kepczynska E.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 2
170-173
EN
In this study we examined the effect of 2,4-D, NAA and picloram at 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mg/l in MS medium on callus induction and somatic embryogenesis in Asparagus densiflorus cv. Sprengeri and Asparagus plumosus. The callus formation of both shoot tips and nodal explants from A. densiflorus after 8 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with NAA and picloram (1.5, 3.0 mg/l) was observed. However, callus on medium containing 2,4-D was occasionally induced. On medium supplemented with picloram shoot tip explants of Asparagus plumosus showed callus inducing capacity. After four weeks of callus culture on hormone-free medium the globular embryos were achieved. On callus induced NAA organogenesis was observed.
5

The significance of plant genetic transformation for modern research

100%
Niemirowicz-Szczytt K.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 4
164-167
EN
It has been over ten years now since genetically modified plants, obtained due to genetic transformation, started to be cultivated in many countries all over the world. As a rule, a GM plant is characterized by a new trait developed as a result of gene/genes (T-DNA), derived from another organism. It seems that no in sufficient attention has been paid to the fact that genetic transformation has provided a useful tool for functional plant genomics. The identification of genome sequences of a few species (such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa i Medicago truncatula) and significant progress in genome sequencing of some others, including trees (Populus trichocarpa), lead to an inevitable question about the function of genes. It is the knowledge of the function of DNA sequences that allows for their practical applications. Insertional mutagenesis, based on T-DNA incorporation, meant to cause gene modification resulting in the development of new plant phenotypes. Mutant phenotype ensures isolation and identification of the modified gene. In order to identify the function of a gene which does not bring about phenotype changes, it is necessary to supplement an inserted DNA segment with sequences enabling the monitoring of gene expression. Gene silencing technology is another way to get the information about gene function and to control genes. New techniques are being enriched with improved chemical and physical mutation methods. Further studies and new applications are greatly facilitated by the detection of gene functions with the use of insertional mutagenesis, gene silencing strategy and evaluation of gene expression.
6

Conditions and perspectives of agrobiotechnology development in Poland

100%
Legocki A. B., Grajek W., Switonski M., Twardowski T.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 1
11-17
EN
The report describes biotechnological aspects of plant and animal breeding, food production and legal regulations in Poland.The conditions and perspectives of development are discussed.
7

Regulation of biosynthesis of some egzoenzymes of Bacillus subtillis IBTC-3 - effect of culturing media

100%
Trzmiel T., Szczesna M., Galas E.
Biotechnologia
|
1994
|
issue 1
148-156
8

Application of microsatellities in genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in farm animals

100%
Korwin-Kossakowska A.
Biotechnologia
|
1996
|
issue 2
178-183
EN
Microsatellites are tandem repeats of a simple sequence that occur abundantly and at random throughout most eukaryotic genomes.Mammalian microsatellite loci have been shown to be highly polymorphic due to variation in the number of repeat units.They are very good markers for quantitative traits loci (QTLs) mapping studies.Swedish Group from Agricultural University in Uppsala found evidence for QTLs on chromosome 4 with large effects on growth , fat deposition and length of the small intestine based on the analysis of genetic linkage between quantitative level and 105 genetic markers (68 microsatellities loci and 37 others markers).The localization of the gene affecting the ovulation rate and litter size on chromosome 6 in sheep has been documented on the basis of identification of genetic linkage between Booroola fecundity (FecB) gene and two microsatellite loci (OarHH55 and OarAE101) by a New Zealand scientist.Out of all types of actually known genetic markers microsatellites are most useful for QTLs mapping.
9

Ribophagy ? the novel degradation system of the ribosome

100%
Bakowska-Zywicka K., Tyczewska A.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 1
99-103
EN
Recently biochemists have discovered a new pathway by which the cell selectively degrades ribosomes. The pathway is called ribophagy. Two proteins were identified as crucial for the selective degradation of ribosomes by autophagy: ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (Ubp3) and Ubp3-associated cofactor, Bre5. This fact strengthens the connections between the autophagy and proteasome pathways of protein degradations.
10

The effect of xylose, galactose and sorbose on the production of selected extracellular enzymes by mutant-strain Trichoderma reesei M-7 during continuous cultivation

100%
Janas P., Zdzislaw T. P., Mleko S.
Biotechnologia
|
2002
|
issue 1
195-207
EN
The effect of xylose, galactose and sorbose on the production of cellulases, xylanases, lytic enzymes and beta-galactosidase by mutant ?strain Trichoderma reesei M-7 was analysed. The aforementioned sugars were used separately and in the form of mixtures with lactose as the source of carbon during continuous cultivation of mutant M-7. Feeding medium containing mixtures of xylose and lactose in the ratio of 0,25/0,75% and 0,5/0,5% induced an increased synthesis of xylanases. Increased xylanolytic activity (about 12-27%) with the xylose/glucose ratio of 0,25/0,75% and a significantly increased activity (about 2,5 fold) with the ratio of both sugars of 0,5/0,5% was observed in comparison with continuous cultivation in the presence of 1% of lactose in the medium. Reduced synthesis of all cellulolytic (FPU, ?-1,4-endoglucanase, ?-glucosidase) and xylanolytic enzymes correlated with the increased galactose concentration in the feeding medium. Galactose also repressed the production of ?-galactosidase of the mutant-strain M-7. The results obtained after continuous cultivation with sorbose and lactose showed that sorbose was a worse inducer of synthesis of cellulolytic enzymes than lactose.
11

Inventions in genetic engineering, protection of intellectual property rights and licensing

100%
Twardowska A., Witek R.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 2
337-347
EN
Inventions in gentic engineering are of high commercial value only if protected by intellectual property rights (IPR). The legislation system of IPR protection is really very complicated even within Euroepan Union. The basic principles and Euroepean conventions are presented in this paper. On this background the Polish rules are shown.
12

Functions of the HC-Pro proteins encoded by plant viruses from the family Potyviridae

100%
Syller J.
Biotechnologia
|
2007
|
issue 4
140-156
EN
The helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) encoded by plant viruses representing the genus Potyvirus (family Potyviridae) is involved in several important viral life processes, including aphid transmission, systemic movement and suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing. Some of the viruses belonging to the family of the genera Ipomovirus, Rymovirus and Tritimovirus have been demonstrated to produce HC-Pro homologues that are likely to be engaged in vector transmission of these viruses alone. In this paper, the current knowledge of the structure, main functions and molecular mechanisms of the HC-Pro proteins encoded by viruses from the family Potyviridae is presented.
13

From a microscopic image of a microorganism to the mathematical model of its growth

100%
Bizukojc M., Ledakowicz S.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 1
54-67
EN
The examples of the application of the data obtained from digital processing and analysis of bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi microscopic images for the purpose of formulating of segregated (morphologically structured) and population models of their growth are presented in this article. In case of non- or insignificantly differentiating microorganisms, such as bacteria or yeasts, the digital analysis of their images is relatively simple and the application of the obtained data is not very troublesome. In this case, the complicated, from the point of view of morphology, mathematical models are rarely formulated. But in case of filamentous microorganisms, due to complicated structures which are developed in their cultivation, the mathematical description of their growth without data which are obtained from image analysis, is at least not full, unless false.
14

Advantages of the application of continuous media sterilization in gibberellic acid production

100%
Iciek J., Cywinska U., Stolarek P.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 3
89-98
EN
The paper presents advantages of the application of continuous of media for production. It is estimated that the profit resulting from the application of continuous thermal sterilization of this medium in the Pharmaceutical Plant "Polfa" at Kutno will exceed I billion zlotys a year.
15

Enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides by exoglycosidases

100%
Buchowiecka A., Bielecki S.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 3
164-180
EN
The review is focused on recent advances in the enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides by exoglycosidases. Reversed hydrolysis, transglycosylation and glycosidase-mediated coupling have been discussed. Relations between catalytic properties of the enzyme used, acceptor molecular structure and their effect on the synthesis results have been highlighted. The work contains 55 references the majority of which appeared after 1996.
16

Controversies over the evaluation of health safety of products of plants transgenesis

100%
Zdunczyk Z., Jankowski J.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 3
9-21
EN
The paper provides an overview of the most important in vivo experiments, concerning herbicide tolerant soybean and Bt maize, quoted by the opponents of GMOs, as to justify opposition to the use of GM crops in animal feed and food production. The results of these experiments were confronted with similar studies performed by other research teams. Relatively few in vivo experiments have demonstrated significant differences in selected parameters of metabolic and health status of animals fed diets with soya or GM maize diets. Concluding on that basis that HT soybean and Bt maize may pose health threat to animals and humans is not eligible.
17

Inclusion bodies and their application for the production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli expression system

100%
Sierant M., Okruszek A.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 1
9-19
EN
Over-expression of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli, the most frequently used prokaryotic expression system, often results in the formation of intracellulary aggregated, insoluble folding intermediates. It is generally thought that protein aggregation is triggered by the failure of polypeptide intermediates to complete folding, leading to self-association. These aggregates are known as inclusion bodies or refractile bodies, since they appear upon microscopic observation as highly refractile areas. The formation of inclusion bodies often increases the yields of recombinant proteins and falicitates their isolation. The aggregated proteins are usually protected from proteases and do not harm host cells. Specific strategies are developed to produce bio-active proteins with the participation of inclusion bodies. These procedures include: 1) isolation and purification of inclusion bodies, 2) solubilization of the protein aggregates, and 3) renaturation of solubilized proteins involving formation of native disulphide bonds.
18

Biotechnology in drinking water denitrification

100%
Burda W., Cyplik P., Malyszka T., Twardowska A.
Biotechnologia
|
1997
|
issue 4
140-155
EN
Different methods of biological denitrification of drinking water as well as the microbiology and stoichiometry of the process are reviewed. Autotrophic bacteria oxidizing inorganic compounds or heterotrophic species oxidizing organic materials can perform denitrification. This paper reviews the various techniques to determine the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.
19

The effect of cytokinins on morphogenetic response of Polemonium coeruleum seedlings explants

100%
Trejgell A., Tretyn A.
Biotechnologia
|
2010
|
issue 2
125-131
EN
The aim of the presented research was to examine the morphogenetic response of Polemonium coeruleum explants. The donor material were 10-day-old seedlings. Surface sterilized seeds were germinated on MS medium supplemented with GA3 (1 mg?dm-3). Seedling explants (shoot tips, fragments of cotyledons, hipocotyls and roots) were isolated and transferred onto solidified MS medium supplemented with different types of cytokinins (BA, KN, ZEA, 2iP) at concentrations 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 mg?dm-3 in combination with NAA (0.1 mg?dm-3). All explant types were characterized by callus proliferation. It was observed that calli developed on the entire surface of hipocotyl and root fragments. On the other hand, shoot tips and cotyledonary petioles formed callus tissue at the cut ends, and petioles only at abaxial ends. The growth of calli on all explant types was strongly stimulated by ZEA. Among the explants tested, only shoot tips exhibited shoot organogenesis. The highest frequency of shoot organogenesis was observed when the explants were cultured on a medium supplemented with 5.0 mg?dm-3 BA (100%) or 5.0 mg?dm-3 ZEA (97%). The highest shoot number per explant was obtained in the presence of 5.0 mg?dm-3 ZEA (8.4 on average). The presence of BA or ZEA in the proliferation medium inhibited rhizogenesis and the elongation growth of shoots. However, root organogenesis was supported by KN added into the medium.
20

The bioutilization process of the model dairy waste in fermenters of different construction

100%
Michalski H., Jamroz T., Sencio B.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 4
163-174
EN
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the fermenter construction on the utilization of model dairy waste.The process was carried out using K.fragilis at controlled pH and temperature.The bioutilization process was performed in the fermenter FL-10 equipped with three different mixing systems with baffles and without them. A circulating stirrer with diffuser (A, B), a stirrer with rotating helical strips (C,D) and two turbine-disc impellers mounted to a common shaft (E,F) were used.The process was investigated at the aeration rate VVm=1.0 and two rotation frequencies of the stirrer shaft:450 /min and 650 /min.The optimal results were obtained by using A and B systems.
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