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The Impact of Waste Incineration on Human Beings and The Environment

100%
Wielgosiński G., Targaszewska A.
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issue 2
353-363
EN
The article discusses issues related to the impact of incineration on human health and the environment. The aim of the work is to make a broad overview of the existing literature in this area. The problem was described in the literature based on a number of waste incineration plants studies in both Europe and all around the world. Subjects analyzed in the literature were risks at workplace, both administrative ones and directly related to the process of thermal treatment of waste. These risks result among others from the atmospheric emissions of many pollutants, including most of all polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, heavy metals and some volatile organic compounds. The results of these studies will be an important argument in the discussion on the possible risks to humans and the environment posed by waste incineration plants and the expediency of building waste incinerators in Poland.
2
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Numerical modeling of batch formation in waste incineration plants

88%
Obroučka K., Vlček J., Moravcová T., Blahůšková V., Fojtík P.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2015
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vol. 17
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issue 1
1-6
EN
The aim of this paper is a mathematical description of algorithm for controlled assembly of incinerated batch of waste. The basis for formation of batch is selected parameters of incinerated waste as its calorific value or content of pollutants or the combination of both. The numerical model will allow, based on selected criteria, to compile batch of wastes which continuously follows the previous batch, which is a prerequisite for optimized operation of incinerator. The model was prepared as for waste storage in containers, as well as for waste storage in continuously refilled boxes. The mathematical model was developed into the computer program and its functionality was verified either by practical measurements or by numerical simulations. The proposed model can be used in incinerators for hazardous and municipal waste.
3
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The Use of Sequential Extraction for Assessing Environmental Risks of Waste Incineration Bottom Ash/Wykorzystanie Ekstrakcji Sekwencyjnej Do Oceny Zagrożeń Dla Środowiska Powodowanych Przez Żużle I Popioły Z

63%
Wielgosiński G., Wasiak D., Zawadzka A.
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issue 3
413-423
EN
Thermal treatment of waste is one of the ways of their processing. It is commonly used in most developed countries of the European Union. Major by-products of the combustion processes are slag and bottom ash. In the majority of EU countries bottom ash and slag are used as a priming for road construction. In Poland slag and bottom ash from incineration process are stabilized with the addition of cement and some polymers and are landfilled as wastes. In accordance to Polish law, depending on the leaching of heavy metals from fly ash and slag after thermal treatment of waste can be regarded as both hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. At present work sequential extraction methods described in the literature: Tessier’s method, van Herck’s method and BCR method were compared experimentally with the results of using Swiss standard TVA.SA.1991 and European standard EN 12457 and total concentration of metals in sample analyzed after complete digestion of sample. The study sample was bottom ash from the medical waste incineration plant.
PL
Termiczne przekształcanie odpadów jest jednym ze sposobów ich przetwarzania. Głównymi produktami ubocznymi procesu spalania są żużel i popiół paleniskowy. W większości krajów UE są one wykorzystywane gospodarczo. W Polsce żużle i popioły po termicznym przekształcaniu stabilizuje się z dodatkiem cementu i polimerów i składuje jako odpad. Zgodnie z obowiązującym prawem, w zależności od wymywalności metali ciężkich, żużel i popioły po termicznym przekształcaniu odpadów mogą być uznawane zarówno za odpady niebezpieczne, jak i inne niż niebezpieczne. W pracy porównano doświadczalnie metody ekstrakcji sekwencyjnej opisane w literaturze: metodę Tessiera, metodę van Hercka oraz metodę BRC. Badaniu poddano próbkę popiołu pochodzącą ze spalarni odpadów medycznych.
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