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1

Age-dependent systemic DNA damage in early Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

100%

Rogulj D., El Aklouk I., Konjevoda P., Ljubić S., Pibernik Okanović M., Barbir A., Luburić M., Radman M., Budinski N., Vučić Lovrenčić M.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2017

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vol. 64

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issue 2

233-238

EN

Oxidative stress, capable of eliciting damage to various biomolecules including DNA, is a recognized component of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as other unfavorable outcomes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in the development of T2DM, by investigating association of oxidative DNA damage with metabolic parameters in subjects with MetS and early T2DM. Selected anthropometric and biochemical parameters of MetS, inflammation and oxidative DNA damage: body mass index (BMI), fatty liver index (FLI), waist circumference (WC), total cholesterol, HDL and LDL-cholesterol, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), total leukocyte/neutrophil count, and urinary 8-hidroxy-deoxyguanosine (u-8-OHdG) were assessed in male subjects with MetS and both younger (≤55 years) and older (>55 years) subjects with T2DM of short duration without complications. BMI, FLI, WC, total and LDL-cholesterol and uric acid were higher, while the u-8-OHdG was lower in MetS group, when compared to older T2DM subjects. None of these parameters were different neither between MetS and younger T2DM, nor between two sub-groups of subjects with T2DM. Values of CRP, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, GGT, leukocytes and neutrophils were not different between all examined groups of subjects. Higher 8-OHdG in older subjects with T2DM suggests that both aging process and diabetes could contribute to the development of DNA damage. Oxidative DNA damage cannot serve as an universal early marker of T2DM.

2

Flozins, inhibitors of type 2 renal sodium-glucose co-transporter – not only antihyperglycemic drugs

100%

Mizerski G., Kicinski P., Jaroszynski A.

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

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2015

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vol. 28

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issue 3

155-158

EN

The kidneys play a crucial role in the regulation of the carbohydrate metabolism. In normal physiological conditions, the glucose that filters through the renal glomeruli is subsequently nearly totally reabsorbed in the proximal renal tubules. Two transporters are engaged in this process: sodium-glucose co-transporter type 1 (SGLT1), and sodium-glucose co-transporter type type 2 (SGLT2) - this being located in the luminal membrane of the renal tubular epithelial cells. It was found that the administration of dapagliflozin, a selective SGLT2 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes, is associated with the reduction of HbA1c concentration by 0.45-1.11%. Additional benefits from the treatment with dapagliflozin are the reduction of arterial blood pressure and a permanent reduction of body weight. This outcome is related to the effect of osmotic diuresis and to the considerable loss of the glucose load by way of urine excretion. Dapagliflozin may be successfully applied in type 2 diabetes monotherapy, as well as in combined therapy (including insulin), where it is equally effective as other oral anti-diabetic drugs. Of note: serious adverse effects of dapagliflozin administration are rarely observed. What is more, episodes of severe hypoglycaemia related with the treatment occur only sporadically, most often in the course of diabetes polytherapy. The most frequent effects of the SGLT2 inhibitors are inseparably associated with the mechanism of their action (the glucuretic effect), and cover urogenital infections with a mild clinical course. At present, clinical trials are being continued of the administration of several subsequent drugs from this group, the most advanced of these being the use of canagliflozin and empagliflozin.

3

Association between RBMS1 gene rs7593730 and BCAR1 gene rs7202877 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese Han population

88%

Kazakova E., Chen M., Jamaspishvili E., Lin Z., Yu J., Sun L., Qiao H.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2018

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vol. 65

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issue 3

377-382

EN

Two recent studies found that RBMS1 gene rs7593730 and BCAR1 gene rs7202877 are related to type 2 diabetes. However, the association of these loci with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been examined in Chinese. We performed a replication study to investigate the association of the 2 susceptibility loci with T2DM in the Chinese population. We genotyped 1961 Chinese participants (991 with T2DM and 970 controls) for each of the 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs7593730 in RBMS1 and rs7202877 near BCAR1 using SNPscan and examined their association with T2DM using logistic regression analysis. We also analyzed the correlation of the SNP alleles and clinical phenotypes. In additive model, genotype association analysis of BCAR1 rs7202877 loci revealed that the homozygous of rs7202877 GG carriers had significantly decreased T2DM risk compared to homozygous carriers of TT (P=0.038, OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.20-0.96). In the recessive model, the GG genotype GG had significantly decreased T2DM risk compared to GT+TT (P=0.043, OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46-0.99). Allele G was statistically significantly correlated with TC (mmol/L) (P=0.036) and LDL-C (mmol/L) (P=0.007). As for rs7593730, the carriers of CT and TT genotype had significantly decreased T2DM risk compared to the carriers of CC genotype (CT: CC P=0.038, OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.51-0.98; TT: CC P=0.010, OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13-0.76). In a dominant model, TT+CT: CC (P=0.013, OR 0.673, 95% CI 0.49-0.92) and in a recessive model, TT: CT+CC (P=0.019, OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.39-0.92). The T allele carriers had significantly decreased T2DM risk compared to the carriers of C (P=0.002, OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.50-0.86). Allele T was statistically correlated with FINS (P=0.010). In conclusion, our study showed that RBMS1 gene rs7593730 and BCAR1 gene rs7202877 were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population.

4

Personal Experiences in Treatment of Diabetic Foot Syndrome

88%

Lewandowski A., Paszta W., Nowatorski W.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2008

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vol. 80

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issue 11

609-614

EN

Changes like deformities, ulcerations, infection and destruction of deep tissues of foot caused by diabetes mellitus are called diabetic foot syndrome. About 2.5 million people (6% of population) suffer from diabetes mellitus in Poland. About 100 000 of them suffer from diabetic foot syndrome.The aim of the study was to retrospectively analyze patients with diabetic foot syndrome and present results of the surgical treatment of these patients.Material and methods. The study group comprised 112 patients of both sexes aged between 34 and 90 years treated in our Department of Surgery from January 2003 to December 2007. The mean age for men was 61 years and for women - 72 years. Most patients in the study group were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (89.2% in men and 95.7% in women). Symptomatic atherosclerosis occurred in 25% of treated patients.Results. 112 patients with diabetic foot syndrome needed 144 hospitalizations (65 male patients needed 86 hospitalizations and 47 female patients needed 58 hospitalizations). The average hospitalization duration for male patients was 24 days and for female patients was 22 days. 8 patients (7,1%) died - 3 men and 5 women. 82 (73%) patients were operated. Operative methods consisted of phlegmon incision, amputation of toes, metacarpal amputation and amputation of limb under and above the knee. 38 different bacterial species were cultured as the results of microbiological evaluations in 71 patients.Conclusions. Patients with diabetic foot syndrome are hospitalized in department of surgery many times, they need multidisciplinary treatment and can be a source of nosocomial infections.

5

"MitoTea": Geranium robertianum L. decoctions decrease blood glucose levels and improve liver mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats

75%

Ferreira F. M., Peixoto F., Nunes E., Sena C., Seiça R., Santos M. S.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2010

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vol. 57

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issue 4

399-402

EN

Several chemical compounds found in plant products have proven to possess beneficial properties, being currently pointed out due to their pharmacological potential in type 2 diabetes mellitus complications. In this context, we studied the effect of Geranium robertianum L. (herb Robert) leaf decoctions in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a model of type 2 diabetes. Our results showed that oral administration of G. robertianum leaf decoctions over a period of four weeks lowered the plasma glucose levels in diabetic rats. Furthermore, the treatment with G. robertianum extracts improved liver mitochondrial respiratory parameters (state 3, state 4 and FCCP-stimulated respiration) and increased oxidative phosphorylation efficiency.

Refine search results

Age-dependent systemic DNA damage in early Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Flozins, inhibitors of type 2 renal sodium-glucose co-transporter – not only antihyperglycemic drugs

Association between RBMS1 gene rs7593730 and BCAR1 gene rs7202877 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese Han population

Personal Experiences in Treatment of Diabetic Foot Syndrome

"MitoTea": Geranium robertianum L. decoctions decrease blood glucose levels and improve liver mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats