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EN
Prolong changes in climatic parameters may affect not only the geographical distribution of various vector borne diseases, but also is projected to have adverse effects on human health with regard to infectious diseases, particularly malaria. Malaria is perceived as the world’s most devastating infectious disease, and is responsible for very high morbidity and mortality. A number of socioeconomic, environmental and behavioral factors affect the disease prevalence. Despite these factors, the impact of climate on probability of malaria transmission remains contentious.
Nukleonika
|
2015
|
vol. 60
|
issue 2
361-366
EN
Monte Carlo simulations are very useful for many physical processes. The transport of particles was simulated by Monte Carlo calculating the basic parameters such as probabilities of transmitted–reflected and angular-energy distributions after interaction with matter. Monte Carlo simulations of electron scattering based on the single scattering model were presented in the medium-energy region for aluminium and silver matters. Two basic equations are required the elastic scattering cross section and the energy loss. The Rutherford equation for the different screening parameters is investigated. This scattering model is accurate in the energy range from a few keV up to about 0.50 MeV. The reliability of the simulation method is analysed by comparing experimental data from transmission measurements.
EN
Background During the COVID-19 era, it is crucial to determine the level of relevant infectious disease knowledge amongst medical students as they may influence public opinion by acting as informal medical advisors to their friends and family. We sought to assess the knowledge of students regarding COVID-19 at a single Polish medical university, to understand the level of knowledge and determine if dedicated COVID-19 education is necessary. Material and methods The survey was conducted in Google Forms and access was obtained through the university’s secure email. After exclusion, 1.001 students were enrolled. Results The most common mask used amongst students is a surgical mask. Regarding SARS-CoV-2 transmission, 79,1% chose droplet and 19,3% chose airborne transmission. Only 35% agreed that surgical masks protect them from coronavirus and 70% strongly agreed or agreed that all healthcare workers should wear an N95/FFP3 mask. Students with a healthcare worker in the family more likely agreed that all healthcare workers should wear N95/FFP3 (p = 0.001). The source of information used affected the route of transmission chosen (p = 0.006). Conclusions We recommend combatting contradicting information by healthcare students having dedicated education on SARS-CoV-2, PPE, filtering efficiency of masks, modes of transmission of viruses, and how to use evidence-based medicine for better public health dispersion.
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