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Biomarkers used to assess radio- and chemotherapy-induced lymphocyte genome instability in a case of cerebral infarction during relapse of a testicular seminoma

100%

Gamulin M., Pastuhović A., Šantek F., Grgić M., Kopjar N.

Biomonitoring

2014

vol. 1

issue 1

We report a case of a testicular seminoma patient with relapse who was irradiated after acute cerebral infarction induced by cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Lymphocytic genome instability was studied using an alkaline comet assay, analysis of structural chromosome aberrations, and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in blood samples collected before and after PET CT scanning that preceded radiotherapy, as well as before the administration of the first and after the administration of the last fraction of 3D conformal radiation. A challengetest with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was performed on isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes in order to establish to what extent earlier therapies had modified the response of the patient’s DNA to external stimuli with a genotoxic chemical. Levels of primary DNA damage in lymphocytes increased after diagnostic exposure, lowered prior to administration of a conformal 3D radiotherapy, and were the highest at the end of radiotherapy. Ex vivo exposure to H2O2 caused additional lymphocyte DNA damage, which gradually increased 15 and 30 minutes after treatment. Diagnostic and therapeutic exposure to radiation caused measurable cytogenetic damage that was subjected to extensive repair. All of the obtained results point to increased genomic instability in the patient which should be taken into account in his future medical surveillance.

Scrotal imaging

67%

Studniarek M., Skrobisz-Balandowska K., Modzelewska E.

2015

vol. 15

issue 62

245-258

Pathological lesions within the scrotum are relatively rare in imaging except for ultrasonography. The diseases presented in the paper are usually found in men at the age of 15–45, i.e. men of reproductive age, and therefore they are worth attention. Scrotal ultrasound in infertile individuals should be conducted on a routine basis owing to the fact that pathological scrotal lesions are frequently detected in this population. Malignant testicular cancers are the most common neoplasms in men at the age of 20–40. Ultrasound imaging is the method of choice characterized by the sensitivity of nearly 100% in the differentiation between intratesticular and extratesticular lesions. In the case of doubtful lesions that are not classified for intra-operative verifi cation, nuclear magnetic resonance is applied. Computed tomography, however, is performed to monitor the progression of a neoplastic disease, in pelvic trauma with scrotal injury as well as in rare cases of scrotal hernias involving the ureters or a fragment of the urinary bladder.

Patologiczne zmiany w obrębie worka mosznowego są stosunkowo rzadko spotykane w badaniach obrazowych, z wyjątkiem ultrasonografii. Prezentowane choroby dotyczą najczęściej grupy mężczyzn w przedziale wiekowym 15–45 lat, czyli w wieku rozrodczym, dlatego zasługują na szczególną uwagę. U niepłodnych mężczyzn badanie ultrasonograficzne moszny powinno być wykonywane rutynowo, ponieważ w tej populacji częstość wykrywania zmian patologicznych w mosznie jest bardzo wysoka. Nowotwory złośliwe jąder należą do najczęstszych nowotworów występujących u mężczyzn w wieku 20–40 lat. Metodą diagnostyczną z wyboru jest badanie ultrasonograficzne, którego czułość w różnicowaniu zmian wewnątrzjądrowych i zewnątrzjądrowych wynosi prawie 100%. W diagnostyce niejednoznacznych zmian, niekwalifikujących się do weryfikacji operacyjnej, stosowany jest magnetyczny rezonans jądrowy. Tomografię komputerową natomiast wykorzystuje się w monitorowaniu zaawansowania choroby nowotworowej, w stanach pourazowych miednicy z udziałem urazu moszny oraz w rzadkich przypadkach przepuklin mosznowych zawierających moczowody lub fragment pęcherza moczowego.

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1 Biomonitoring

1 Journal of Ultrasonography

1 2015

1 2014

1 Gamulin M.

1 Grgić M.

1 Kopjar N.

1 Modzelewska E.

1 Pastuhović A.

1 Skrobisz-Balandowska K.

1 Studniarek M.

1 Šantek F.

Search results

Biomarkers used to assess radio- and chemotherapy-induced lymphocyte genome instability in a case of cerebral infarction during relapse of a testicular seminoma

Scrotal imaging