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Survival analysis of maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) exposed to some medicinal plant powders

100%

Nsobinenyui D., Mbafor L. F., Mensiy W. S., Abdulai A. N., Mapiemfu-Lamare D., Sama V., Achiri D. T., Njualem D. K.

World News of Natural Sciences

2022

vol. 43

126-137

Maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) is a very destructive pest of stored maize, accounting for about 15 – 25 % of loss, and sometimes 100% in severe infestation. Synthetic pesticide is often the first step of control, which is often costly, scarce, detrimental to the environment and human health. As a result, more environmentally friend options like the use of botanicals are encouraged, in line with the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of this study was to assess how fast to kill and how hazardous are four medicinal plant powders on maize weevil. The study was conducted in June-July, 2020 in the Food Science laboratory of Catholic University of Cameroon, Bamenda. Plant powders of pawpaw Carica papaya seeds, cypress Cupressus macrocarpa leaves, piper Piper nigrum seeds and a control (no-input) were assessed. Mortality was observed every 48 hr for 192 hr (8 days). The data was subjected to survival analysis using SPSS ver. 23. The proportion of Event (mortality) and Censored (no mortality) at varied amongst treatment with Event in piper significantly higher ((χ2 = 26.2, df = 7, P < 0.001) than Censored, and the reverse was the case for the other treatments. Only the piper treatment had 50% lethal time (LT50) of 144 hr. The Kaplan-Meier survival probability curve of piper had many sharp drops unlike the flat curves for control and pawpaw. Hazard ratios were 0.553, 2.47and 0.819 for pawpaw, piper and cypress, respectively. We proposed the possibility of exploring the angle formed between the line linking both ends of the survival curve and the horizontal line linking the end of the survival curve and the y-axis to assess the degree of hazardousness. The findings of this study revealed that piper powder killed the maize weevil very fast and was also the most hazardous treatment. We strongly recommend the integration of piper seed powder in the management of stored maize in order to prolong the shelve life, and maintain the quality and quantity of stored maize.

Rs401681 and rs402710 polymorphisms of CLPTM1L gene in cancerous and healthy lung tissues in patients with lung adenocarcinoma

84%

Żywiec J., Rydel M., Drozdzowska B., Klimczyk K., Kasperczyk J., Czyżewski D.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

2023

issue 77

166-175

INTRODUCTION: The search for factors influencing the survival of patients with lung cancer is still ongoing. It may potentially be a polymorphism of the cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1-like (CLPTM1L) gene, which is involved in the process of carcinogenesis. The aim of the study was to assess the distribution of genotypes and alleles of selected polymorphisms of the CLPTM1L gene – rs401681 and rs402710 – in cancerous and healthy lung tissue in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and their relationship with patient survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 133 patients with an average age of lung cancer diagnosis of 65 years, who had undergone lung adenocarcinoma surgery in the past. Genetic material – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) – was isolated from paraffin-protected specimens of cancerous and healthy lung tissue, and genotyping of CLPTM1L polymorphisms was performed. The obtained results were analyzed along with demographic data, history of smoking, family history of cancer, stage of the disease in the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) classification, clinical stage of the cancer and the survival time of the patients. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 44.5 months. The patients who died lived an average of 22.6 months from the time of cancer diagnosis. There were no significant differences between the distribution of genotypes or alleles in the cancerous and healthy tissues and their relationship with the survival of the patients. The age at the time of diagnosis of cancer, category N in the TNM classification and high clinical advancement of the cancer were the only factors influencing the survival of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: No relationships between the polymorphic variability of rs401681 and rs402710 in cancerous and healthy lung tissue and the survival of patients were found.

WSTĘP: Poszukiwanie czynników wpływających na przeżycie chorych z nowotworami płuc jest stale aktualne. Takim potencjalnym czynnikiem jest polimorfizm genu CLPTM1L (cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1-like), włączony w proces karcynogenezy. Celem pracy była ocena rozkładu genotypów i alleli wybranych polimorfi-zmów genu CLPTM1L – rs401681 i rs402710 – w tkance zmienionej nowotworowo i w tkance zdrowej płuc u chorych z gruczolakorakiem płuca oraz ich związku z przeżyciem chorych. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Badaniami objęto 133 chorych w wieku ujawnienia nowotworu płuca wynoszącym średnio 65 lat, u których w przeszłości dokonano usunięcia gruczolakoraka płuc. Z zabezpieczonych w parafi-nie próbek tkanki zdrowej płuc i z tkanki zmienionej chorobowo wyizolowano materiał genetyczny – kwas deoksyrybonukleinowy (DNA) – oraz przeprowadzono genotypowanie polimorfizmów CLPTM1L. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie wraz z danymi demograficznymi, wywiadem dotyczącym palenia tytoniu, wywiadem rodzinnym obciążonym nowotworowo, stadium choroby w klasyfikacji TNM (tumor, node, metastasis), za-awansowaniem klinicznym nowotworu i czasem przeżycia chorych. WYNIKI: Średni czas obserwacji wynosił 44,5 miesiąca. Chorzy, którzy zmarli, żyli średnio 22,6 miesiąca od czasu postawienia diagnozy nowotworu. Nie stwierdzono znamiennych różnic pomiędzy rozkładem genotypów ani alleli w tkankach chorej i zdrowej płuc oraz ich związku z przeżyciem chorych. Czynnikami wpływającymi na przeżycie chorych były wiek w czasie postawienia diagnozy nowotworu, kategoria N w klasyfikacji TNM oraz wysokie zaawansowanie kliniczne nowotworu. WNIOSKI: Nie stwierdzono związku pomiędzy zmiennością polimorficzną rs401681 i rs402710 w tkance chorej i zdrowej płuc a przeżyciem chorych.

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1 Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

1 World News of Natural Sciences

1 2023

1 2022

1 Abdulai A. N.

1 Achiri D. T.

1 Czyżewski D.

1 Drozdzowska B.

1 Kasperczyk J.

1 Klimczyk K.

1 Mapiemfu-Lamare D.

1 Mbafor L. F.

1 Mensiy W. S.

1 Njualem D. K.

1 Nsobinenyui D.

1 Rydel M.

1 Sama V.

1 Żywiec J.

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Survival analysis of maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) exposed to some medicinal plant powders

Rs401681 and rs402710 polymorphisms of CLPTM1L gene in cancerous and healthy lung tissues in patients with lung adenocarcinoma