Search results

1

The dose of gamma radiation from building materials and soil

100%

Manić G., Manić V., Nikezić D., Krstić D.

Nukleonika

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2015

|

vol. 60

|

issue 4

951-958

EN

The radioactivity of some structural building materials, rows, binders, and final construction products, originating from Serbia or imported from other countries, was investigated in the current study by using the standard HPGe gamma spectrometry. The absorbed dose in the air was computed by the method of buildup factors for models of the room with the walls of concrete, gas-concrete, brick and stone. Using the conversion coefficients obtained by interpolation of the International Commission on Radiobiological Protection (ICRP) equivalent doses for isotropic irradiation, the corresponding average indoor effective dose from the radiation of building materials of 0.24 mSv·y−1 was determined. The outdoor dose of 0.047 mSv·y−1 was estimated on the basis of values of the specific absorbed dose rates calculated for the radiation of the series of 238U, 232Th and 40K from the ground and covering materials. The literature values of the effective dose conversion coefficients for ground geometry were applied as well as the published data for content of the radionuclides in the soil.

2

Hydrogen peroxide as a biodegradation stimulator in remediation processes of soils heavily contaminated with petrochemicals

100%

Rosik-Dulewska C., Krzyśko-Łupicka T., Ciesielczuk T., Kręcidło Ł.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2015

|

vol. 17

|

issue 2

17-22

EN

The soil contaminated with petroleum products must be excluded from the crops and treated to reclamation processes. Natural processes of decomposition of hydrocarbon compounds go very slow, so it is necessary to use bioaugumentation or stimulation in order to accelerate the return of the soil to high culture. In this study the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the process of cleaning soil strongly contaminated with pertochemicals was investigated. For this purpose, a pot experiment lasting 60 days was carried. The dynamics of changes in the population of filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria were examined and also content of aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-alkanes), monoaromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Experimental use of hydrogen peroxide in the process of biodegradation of petroleum compounds assisted in the analyzed soil led to an increase of the number of grampositive bacteria during the test. Stimulation of oil products biodegradation by hydrogen peroxide also increased by 35% decomposition efficiency of aliphatic hydrocarbons (C8-C40) and about 50% PAH’s in comparison to control samples without hydrogen peroxide. There was no influence of hydrogen peroxide on the content of monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) with respect to controls, although in the end of experiment, the total concentration decreased by about 50% compared to the initial content.

3

The effect of Atpolan 80 EC on atrazine residues in the soil

100%

Swarcewicz M., Skórska E., Paździoch W.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2007

|

vol. 9

|

issue 3

5-8

EN

The persistence of atrazine residues in soils may have an effect on the contamination of the ground water or surface water. Besides the active ingredients, pesticide formulations contain many other compounds called adjuvants. One of them is the Atpolan 80 EC which belongs to the group of oil mineral adjuvants used as tank-mix. The utilization of a fraction of paraffin oil 1113 is one of the examples of utilising waste as the component of Atpolan 80 EC in agriculture. When the Atpolan concentration comprised 1.25% (v/v), the atrazine degradation rate decreased in the sandy loam and muck soil. The half-life of atrazine increased over a period of 40 or 57 days, depending on the type of the soil. The least significant effect was caused by Atpolan concentration at 0.25 and 0.75%. This result points at the capability of limiting atrazine run-off and leaching down the soil profile. Each ingredient of the pesticide, besides having the overall ability to distribute between different phases, also demonstrates some single compound behaviour. This paper shows our current understanding of the factors that influence the adjuvant performance and their potentially complex interactions with the pesticide.

4

The impact of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the development of phytopathogenic fungi

100%

Grobelak A., Napora A., Kacprzak M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica

|

2014

|

vol. 10

107-112

PL

Bakterie promujące wzrost roślin (PGPB) to wolno żyjące organizmy glebowe, które mogą bezpośrednio lub pośrednio ułatwiać wzrost roślin w biotycznych lub abiotycznych warunkach stresowych. Mogą także produkować fitohormony i syntezować związki lub enzymy, które mogą modulować wzrost i rozwój (Glick et al. 2007). Pośrednie promowanie wzrostu roślin obejmuje wiele mechanizmów, dzięki którym bakterie mogą ograniczać rozwój patogenów roślinnych. Korzystny wpływ na wzrost roślin zmienia się znacznie w zależności od indywidualnych szczepów bakteryjnych oraz warunków wzrostu. Ważnym zjawiskiem jest produkcja antybiotyków przez bakteryjne endofity roślinne, w szczególności obserwowane u licznych gatunków Pseudomonas. Substancje te skutecznie ograniczają wzrost patogenów roślinnych (Klama, 2004). Celem badań było wyizolowanie bakterii strefy korzeniowej i ocena inhibicji wzrostu grzybów będących patogenami roślin wobec wyizolowanych szczepów bakteryjnych. W przeprowadzonych badaniach wykorzystano rośliny (Festuca rubra, Morus alba, Arabidopsis thaliana) rosnące w pobliżu huty cynku w Miasteczku Śląskim na glebie zanieczyszczonej metalami ciężkimi i nawożonej komunalnymi osadami ściekowymi. Bakterie izolowano z korzeni roślin stosując trzy długości czasu dezynfekcji (0, 2.5, 10 min). Po uzyskaniu czystych kultur bakteryjnych prowadzono testy zahamowania wzrostu w warunkach in vitro wobec czterech szczepów grzybów: FO – Fusarium oxysporum, FC – F. culmorum, AA1 – Alternaria alternata 1, AA2 – A. alternata 2. Wyniki eksperymentu wskazują, że bakterie izolowane po czasie 2.5 i 10 minut sterylizacji, czyli głównie bakterie endofityczne, hamowały rozwój badanych grzybów – potencjalnych patogenów roślin. Badania wykazały także, że z rzodkiewnika pospolitego (Arabidopsis thaliana), znanego halofita, pozyskano najwyższą liczbę mikroorganizmów, które także wykazywały najlepsze właściwości inhibitujące wzrost grzybni wszystkich badanych patogenów.

EN

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate impact of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the development of phytopathogenic fungi and correlate it with a potential effects on the growth of plants under unfavorable conditions, in order to improve the efficiency of a phytoremediation process. The conducted research focused on the antifungal properties of PGPB. In this study, 51 isolates of bacteria were obtained after diversified disinfection time from plants growing on soil after sewage sludge amendment. The results revealed that some isolated bacteria, mainly endophytic ones, inhibited the development of Fusarium oxysporum, F. culmorum and Alternaria alternata.

5

Soil Fertility in Response to Long-Term Fertilization under the Tobacco Monoculture System on Rendzic Leptosol in Bulgaria

100%

Bozhinova R., Hristeva T.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

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2021

|

vol. 54

|

issue 1

EN

The effect of long-term mineral and organic-mineral fertilization on selected soil properties (pH, total humus and N, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese content) was studied in a stationary trail with tobacco monocropping system. The trial was established on Rendzic Leptosols in 1966. Five treatments were selected for this study, including control without fertilization (Check), nitrogen + phosphorus (NP), nitrogen + potassium (NK), nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium (NPK) and nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium + manure (NPK + manure). Soil samples at a depth of 0–25 cm were collected from all studied plots every year (2014, 2015 and 2016). The results indicated that maintaining humus content at the initial level is not possible through yearly mineral fertilizer application. Long-term mineral phosphorus fertilization increased 5.5–5.7 times available P2O5 in the soil compared to the initial level. The soil available K2O content in NK and NPK treatments increased, respectively, by 41.1% and 44.9% over the initial level. A remarkable increase in available phosphorus (25.5 times) and potassium (2.5 times) content in the soil compared with the initial level was found due to longterm NPK + manure fertilization. The NPK + manure treatment was found to be the most efficient management system in accumulating of total humus and N, available P2O5, K2O, Fe and Mn in a long-term fertilized Rendzic Leposol, under a tobacco monocropping system.

6

Role of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth in crude oil-polluted soil remediation

100%

Oyedeji A. A., Oyedeji O. F., Immanuel O. M.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2024

|

vol. 53

74-85

EN

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the role Pentaclethra macrophylla plays in the bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil in a controlled environment. Viable seeds P. macrophylla were planted in plant bags containing 3000 of clay-loamy soil to which varying amounts (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ml) of crude oil were added. Plant growth parameters (plant heights, girths, number of leaves, nodulation and germination rate) and soil physicochemical parameters (pH, organic matter, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium phosphorous, and nitrogen) were determined using standard methods. Results showed that the germination rate of P. macrophylla reduced progressively, 68%, 68%, 52%, 47% and 38% in that order, with increasing concentrations of crude oil, 0 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml and 100 ml. A similar pattern was observed for plant height, 16 weeks after planting, with values 52.80cm, 43.50 cm, 42.60 cm, 42.50 cm and 35.80 cm in that order; 0.37 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.24 mm, 0.22 mm and 0.21 mm in that order for girth; 15, 10, 8, 8 and 2 in that order for number of nodules and 16.00, 14.00, 14.00, 11.00 and 8.00 in that order for number of leaves. The physicochemical characteristics of the soil decreased corresponding to the concentration of crude oil, from 0-100 ml. Nevertheless, the plant exhibited the capability to endure the suppressive effect of crude oil with recorded relative growth rates ranging from 0-0.23 and percentage growth suppression of 0.00% - 32.20%. Being a native nitrogen-fixing plant, P. macrophylla could be utilised for the bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil in the Niger Delta.

7

The influence of the composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge on the available forms of phosphorus in the soil as well as the yield of the seeds of spring rape

100%

Krzywy E., Krzywy-Gawrońska E., Krzywy J., Gutowska I.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2007

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vol. 9

|

issue 4

98-101

EN

The field and laboratory experiment was carried on the brown incomplete soil of the complex of rye good. The obtained results in the yield experiment show that the composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge increased essentially the yield of the seeds of spring rape in comparison with the control variant. Doubling of the doses of mineral nitric - potassium fertilization against the background of the composts did not have a significant influence on increasing the yield of the seeds of spring rape in comparison with the single doses. The composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge in the field and laboratory experiment caused a significant increase of the content of the available forms of phosphorus in the soil. As time went by the distribution of the composts in the soil, the content of the available forms of phosphorus increased.

8

Pathogenicity of endogenous isolate of Paramyrothecium (=Myrothecium) roridum (Tode) L. Lombard & Crous against the squash beetle Epilachna chrysomelina (F.)

88%

Hassan F. R., Ghaffar N. M., Assaf L. H., Abdullah S. K., Hassan F. R., Ghaffar N. M., Assaf L. H., Abdullah S. K.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2021

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vol. 61

|

issue 1

9

The risk scale estimation of the agricultural environment pollution by heavy metals using the sequential extraction method

88%

Rosada J., Grzesiak J., Schroeder G.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2007

|

vol. 9

|

issue 3

151-154

EN

From among various industrial contaminants which can pollute agricultural environment, heavy metals having the capacity of bioaccumulation deserve special attention. The total composition analysis of the heavy metals content in the polluted soils does not provide enough data about their accessibility to the crops cultivated on these soils. It is very important to have the information about the forms in which the examined element exists, because it decides about its mobility and toxicity for the environment. Using the sequential chemical extraction method of Zeien and Brümmer the fractions of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and As in the soils influenced by emissions from the Copper Smelter GŁOGÓW, were investigated. The aim of these investigations was to determine the availability assessment of the mentioned elements to the crops cultivated in this region.

10

The impact of composts prepared from different organic waste on the total number of soil microorganisms

88%

Michalcewicz W., Wołoszyk C., Balcer K.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2007

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vol. 9

|

issue 2

78-80

EN

In a two-factor pot experiment impact of two doses of six types of composts prepared from the municipal sewage sludge with an addition of canteen waste, wheat straw and cocoa husk on the total number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in the soil were exmined. The light soil used in the experiment was taken from the Ap level of an arable field. On all the objects with composts there was mineral NPK fertilization applied, the control object was fertilized with the NPK only. The test plant was grass Festulolium which was harvested three times and after the third cut the samples of the soil were taken for microbiological analyses.The conducted research shows that the number of microorganisms in soil was dependent on the dose and the type of the compost. The second dose of the compost, in comparison with the control object, in most composts considerably increased the number of bacteria and the first dose increased the number of actinomycetes. However, the number of fungi, in most cases, with both doses of composts, was lower than in the soil from the control object. The highest number of bacteria was noticed on the object with the co-most prepared from 35% sewage sludge + 35% canteen waste + 30% straw and actinomycetes on the object with the compost prepared from 35% sewage sludge + 35% canteen waste + 30% cocoa husk. The development of the soil fungi was restrained in the highest degree by the first dose of the compost prepared from 35% sewage sludge + 35% canteen waste + 15% straw + 15% cocoa husk and by the second dose of the compost prepared from 70% sewage sludge + 30% straw.

11

The effect of composts from potato pulp and municipal sewage sludge for changes of microelements in the soil during incubation

88%

Krzywy-Gawrońska E., Rozmarynowska M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

|

2007

|

vol. 9

|

issue 4

102-106

EN

The total and soluble content of microelements in the soil was described in the laboratory experiment. The soil was incubated with three doses of composts with a participation of municipal sewage sludge and potato pulp. The obtained results of the experiment pointed that all the composts increased an average total content and the forms soluble in 1 M HCl of microelements in the soil in comparison with the control. In the majority of the variants, the composts made with the 70% participation of municipal sewage sludge and 30% addition of straw or sawdust caused an increase of the content of the analyzed elements in the soil than the composts with the 70% participation of potato pulp and 30% addition of straw or sawdust. The differences are connected with a higher content of microelements, which were put in the soil, with the composts with the 70% participation of municipal sewage sludge and 30% addition of straw or sawdust. There are no differences in the formation of the content of microelements in the soil, which were depended on the type of the structural - formative component during the production of composts. The quantity of the composts' dose had an influence on the formation of the participation of the soluble form of microelements in the total content in the soil. The participation of the soluble form of cadmium, cooper, manganese and nickel in the total content in the soil increased along with increasing the dose of composts. The content of the total forms in the soil incubated with the composts included in the standard for the light soils.

12

Immobilization of soil mercury by colloidal sulphur in the laboratory experiment

88%

Kot F., Rapoport V., Kharitonova G.

Open Chemistry

|

2007

|

vol. 5

|

issue 3

846-857

EN

The results of the laboratory pot experiments on soil mercury (Hg) immobilisation with a non-toxic and price-reasonable agent - colloidal sulphur (S) water suspension, are presented. It was shown that fertilisation with small agrochemical doses of colloidal S reduces excess Hg effectively as follows: in interstitial waters by a factor 2 – 12 times for total Hg, and 22– 680 times for “reactive” Hg; in stems and leaves of oats – 7 – 22 times; and in moss bags, reflecting soil Hg degassing, 7 – 15 times, for the most heavily Hg-spiked soils. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the immobilization of Hg occurs through Hg binding to the newly formed S-bearing functional groups in humic acids and/or sulphides. [...]

13

Heavy Metal Concentration in Fields Used as Urban Waste Dump Site in Owerri, Imo State, South-Eastern Nigeria

88%

Ayozie-Samuel V. C., Uda C. N., Onyeanuforo C. C.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2023

|

vol. 48

46-59

EN

The concentration of heavy metals in fields used as urban waste dump sites in Owerri, Imo state Nigeria was evaluated. Three dumpsites were selected from Avu (along Port Harcourt Road), Mechanic village (opposite Tipper Park) and Egbeada housing (along Onitsha Road). Site selection was based on the presence of the dumps for at least 10 years. Soil samples were collected from the dumpsites and 100 m away from the dumpsite as control, using soil auger at depth of 0 ‒15 cm and 15‒30 cm. Cassava crops were planted on all the sites and the cassava roots were sampled alongside the soil for the study of heavy metal contents in plant roots. Routine soil analysis and plant root analysis were carried out to determine the physio-chemical characteristics and heavy metal contents of the soil and plant roots. Results showed that heavy metal contents of soils and plants are significantly (p = 0.05) higher in the dumpsites than the control except for Cd which did not show significant difference. Also results showed that Cd and Pb content of soil and plants are higher (4.17 and 3.17 mg/kg, respectively) for soil and (0.2 and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively) for plant roots. It is therefore recommended that farmers should avoid growing crops in urban waste dumpsites to avoid food contamination and health hazard.

14

Metal contents in soils of Kaffiöyra, Spitsbergen

88%

Plichta W., Kuczyńska I., Plichta W., Kuczyńska I.

Polish Polar Research

|

1991

|

vol. 12

|

issue 2

15

An interaction of potato crop soil fungi population on fungi responsible for tuber superficial diseases

75%

Kurzawińska H.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2006

|

vol. 46

|

issue 4

16

A comparison of sequential extraction procedures for fractionation of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc in soil

75%

Tlustoš P., Száková J., Stárková A., Pavlíková D.

Open Chemistry

|

2005

|

vol. 3

|

issue 4

830-851

EN

Twelve soil samples differing in physicochemical properties and total element contents were extracted by three sequential extraction procedures to determine As, Cd, Pb, and Zn bound to individual soil fractions and are defined by individual operational procedures. In the case of arsenic, two additional sequential extraction schemes were designed entirely for fractionation of soil containing arsenic were tested. The results confirmed that determination of element proportions bound to individual soil fractions is strongly dependent on the extracting agent and/or procedure applied within individual extracting schemes. As expected, absolute values of the elements released among the individual extracting procedures are weakly comparable. More reliable results were determined for the more mobile soil elements i.e. cadmium and zinc, in the fractions characterizing the most mobile proportions of investigated elements where significant correlations with basic soil characteristics were observed. In contrast, ambiguous results were observed for As and Pb, for both the individual extraction procedures and the effect of the soil characteristics. Regardless of the studied element, the poorest results were determined for reducible and oxidizable soil fractions. The application of at least two independent procedures or modification of the extraction scheme according to element investigated and/or particular soil characteristics can also be helpful in definition of element pattern in soils in further research.

17

Influence of the silver nanoparticles on microbial community in different environments

75%

Pietrzak K., Gutarowska B.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2015

|

vol. 62

|

issue 4

721-724

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the number and diversity of microbial community in different environments (soil extract, water, sewage), and to determine whether the environment inhibits or accelerates the influence of AgNPs on moulds. AgNPs (45 ppm) present in the environment decreased bacterial (91%) and fungal (33-85%) numbers, and eliminated some strains, e.g., Alternaria alternata and Cryptococcus laurentii. Based on the biomass growth of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum in a medium with AgNPs and the environmental samples, it was noticed that environment can enhance (soil extract) or inhibit (sewage) antifungal activity of AgNPs.

18

Sampling, metadata and DNA extraction - important steps in metagenomic studies

75%

Felczykowska A., Krajewska A., Zielińska S., Łoś J.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2015

|

vol. 62

|

issue 1

151-160

EN

Metagenomic studies have become increasingly popular. They allow for the estimation of biodiversity in complex populations. This diversity presents an enormous but largely unexpected genetic and biological pool and can be exploited for the recovery of novel genes, entire metabolic pathways and their products. Generally metagenomic study is a genomic analysis of organisms by direct extraction and cloning of DNA from their natural environment. The most common problems of modern metagenomics are as follows: majority of the microorganisms present in the environment cannot be cultivated by standard techniques, DNA extraction methods are not very effective, isolated DNA is contaminated with various compounds, a choice for a screening method is not obvious.

19

Signal analysis on soil stress from vibrating compactionbased on wavelet transform

75%

Qing-Zhe Z., Bing Y., Jing-Liang D., Bao-Gui Y.

Archives of Civil Engineering

|

2014

|

issue 2

20

Processes occurring in the soil and fluorine

75%

Xiajin W., Finbin X., Aoshan Y.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2017

|

vol. 8

37-42

EN

Fluorine is in the dynamic balance of two geochemical processes, enrichment and leaching. These reflect the adsorption and desorption of fluoride by clay minerals, respectively. The two geochemical processes of fluorine in soil are influenced by interacting factors, including the geochemical characteristics of soil and clay minerals, pH and sanity of soil solutions, climate, grazing and agriculture activities.

Refine search results

The dose of gamma radiation from building materials and soil

Hydrogen peroxide as a biodegradation stimulator in remediation processes of soils heavily contaminated with petrochemicals

The effect of Atpolan 80 EC on atrazine residues in the soil

The impact of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the development of phytopathogenic fungi

Soil Fertility in Response to Long-Term Fertilization under the Tobacco Monoculture System on Rendzic Leptosol in Bulgaria

Role of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth in crude oil-polluted soil remediation

The influence of the composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge on the available forms of phosphorus in the soil as well as the yield of the seeds of spring rape

Pathogenicity of endogenous isolate of Paramyrothecium (=Myrothecium) roridum (Tode) L. Lombard & Crous against the squash beetle Epilachna chrysomelina (F.)

The risk scale estimation of the agricultural environment pollution by heavy metals using the sequential extraction method

The impact of composts prepared from different organic waste on the total number of soil microorganisms

The effect of composts from potato pulp and municipal sewage sludge for changes of microelements in the soil during incubation

Immobilization of soil mercury by colloidal sulphur in the laboratory experiment

Heavy Metal Concentration in Fields Used as Urban Waste Dump Site in Owerri, Imo State, South-Eastern Nigeria

Metal contents in soils of Kaffiöyra, Spitsbergen

An interaction of potato crop soil fungi population on fungi responsible for tuber superficial diseases