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Neurological complications and quality of life after submandibular gland resection. A Prospective, non-randomized, single-centre study

100%
Chiesa Estomba C., Valldeperes-Vilanova A., González-García J., Larruscain-Sarasola E., Sistiaga-Suarez J., Altuna-Mariezcurrena X.
Otolaryngologia Polska
|
2019
|
vol. 73(6)
32-37
EN
Introduction: There are different complications related to the submandibular gland resection, like damage to the mandibular branch of the facial nerve, lingual or hypoglossal nerve. Moreover, subjective complaints like dry mouth, altered sensation around the scar and taste alterations were described. Patients and methods: A prospective, non-randomized study was performed including 20 patients treated with submandibular gland resection. Results: The most common etiology was sialolithiasis affecting 9 (45%) patients. One (5%) patient presented a lingual nerve paresis, 2 (10%) patients presented a transient marginal mandibular branch paresis and no hypoglossal nerve alteration was observed. Factors like the size of the lithiasis (P = 0.293), size of the tumor (P = 0.445) or type of pathology (P = 0.694) were not related with neurological complications. Altered sensation in the skin around a scar was the most severely weighted problem (55% and 33.3%), and xerostomia was the second one (33% and 27.3%) at one month and at six months after surgery, respectively. Conclusion: The submandibular gland resection remains to be a safe technique with a low rate of surgical and neurological complications. However, patients should be informed about sequelae like xerostomia, altered sensation in the skin or pain around the scar, which may be discomforting. The cosmetic result can be satisfactory, but a surgical scar can be avoided with another approach. Although rare, the risk of MBFN, lingual and hypoglossal nerve damage should always be included in the preoperative information on surgical risks.
2
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Neurological complications and quality of life after submandibular gland resection. A Prospective, non-randomized, single-centre study

100%
Chiesa Estomba C., Valldeperes-Vilanova A., González-García J., Larruscain-Sarasola E., Sistiaga-Suarez J., Altuna-Mariezcurrena X.
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
|
2019
|
vol. 73
|
issue 6
32-37
EN
Introduction: There are different complications related to the submandibular gland resection, like damage to the mandibular branch of the facial nerve, lingual or hypoglossal nerve. Moreover, subjective complaints like dry mouth, altered sensation around the scar and taste alterations were described. Patients and methods: A prospective, non-randomized study was performed including 20 patients treated with submandibular gland resection. Results: The most common etiology was sialolithiasis affecting 9 (45%) patients. One (5%) patient presented a lingual nerve paresis, 2 (10%) patients presented a transient marginal mandibular branch paresis and no hypoglossal nerve alteration was observed. Factors like the size of the lithiasis (P = 0.293), size of the tumor (P = 0.445) or type of pathology (P = 0.694) were not related with neurological complications. Altered sensation in the skin around a scar was the most severely weighted problem (55% and 33.3%), and xerostomia was the second one (33% and 27.3%) at one month and at six months after surgery, respectively. Conclusion: The submandibular gland resection remains to be a safe technique with a low rate of surgical and neurological complications. However, patients should be informed about sequelae like xerostomia, altered sensation in the skin or pain around the scar, which may be discomforting. The cosmetic result can be satisfactory, but a surgical scar can be avoided with another approach. Although rare, the risk of MBFN, lingual and hypoglossal nerve damage should always be included in the preoperative information on surgical risks.
3
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Parotid gland tumors in Northern Greece: a 7-year retrospective study of 207 patients

88%
Poutoglidis A., Tsetsos N., Sotiroudi S., Fyrmpas G., Poutoglidou F., Vlachtsis K.
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
|
2020
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vol. 75
|
issue 5
39-43
EN
Introduction: Parotid gland neoplasms represent a heterogenous group of tumors, either benign or malignant. The diagnosis and management of parotid gland tumors is complicated by their relative infrequency and their diverse biologic behavior. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, the recurrence rates and the surgical approach employed for parotid gland tumors in Northern Greece. Material and methods: This is a single-center retrospective study. All patients admitted to the ENT department of “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital of Thessaloniki from January 2012 to June 2019 with the diagnosis of parotid gland tumor were included in the study. Patients with incomplete charts and patients that underwent revision surgeries were excluded. Chi-squared tests were used to assess the associations between variables. Results: A total of 207 patients with a mean age of 54.97 (range 16–91) were included in the study. Benign neoplasms accounted for 87.9% of the cases. Warthin’s tumor was the most common neoplasm encountered, with an incidence of 46.8%, followed by pleomorphic adenoma (31.9%). There was a higher incidence of parotid gland tumors in males and smokers (P = 0.025, P = 0.001 respectively). The majority of the patients were treated with an extracapsular resection (60.4%) or with a partial superficial parotidectomy (22.6%). In 12 cases (5.7%), there was a recurrence of the lesion. The most common complications encountered were facial nerve injury, Frey’s syndrome and hematoma formation. Conclusions: Parotid gland tumors are typically benign, non-aggressive tumors, more frequently seen in men than women. There is a positive association between smoking and parotid gland tumor development. Comprehensive information regarding recurrence and complication rates is presented.
4
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Review and characteristics of 585 salivary gland neoplasms from a tertiary hospital registered in the Polish National Major Salivary Gland Benign Tumors Registry over a period of 5 years: a prospective study

75%
Piwowarczyk K., Bartkowiak E., Klimza H., Greczka G., Wierzbicka M.
Otolaryngologia Polska
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2020
|
vol. 74(5)
1-6
EN
Introduction: A Polish National Major Salivary Gland Benign Tumors Registry (SGR) is a report of benign salivary gland neoplasms (SGNs) from 26 different centres in Poland, introduced in 2014. The aim of this study is to analyze demographic characteristics and clinico-pathological factors of benign SGNs treated in large tertiary institutions and to determine possible correlations between selected variables. Material and method: Analysis of 585 patients recorded in SGR and operated on for SGNs in the Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Surgery, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, over a 5-year period. Patient age, sex, occupation, place of residence, tumor location, size, histology, recurrence, facial nerve function after surgery, wound healing, surgery procedure, availability of pre-operative imaging examinations, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results were analyzed. Results: 338 females and 247 males with a mean age of 53 years were operated on. In total, 96.2% of tumors originated from the parotid and 3.8% from the submandibular gland. The most frequent primary tumor diameter was 2–4 cm (59.5%) followed by <2 cm (29.2%) and >4 cm (8.4%). Tumors of over 4 cm were frequently removed by partial superficial parotidectomy, while those under 2 cm – by extracapsullar dissection (ECD). Pleomorphic adenomas (PA) were predominant (58.8%), followed by Warthin’s tumor (WT) – 37.1%. Patients with WT were on average 13.3 years older than patients with PA. Discussion: This research can be helpful to better understand the clinico-pathological features of SGNs. Long-termin hospital-based analysis is important for subsequent metaanalyses and comparisons with other centers. The reasons why not all patients’ data are reported to the national SGR should be further precisely analyzed.
5
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Review and characteristics of 585 salivary gland neoplasms from a tertiary hospital registered in the Polish National Major Salivary Gland Benign Tumors Registry over a period of 5 years: a prospective study

75%
Piwowarczyk K., Bartkowiak E., Klimza H., Greczka G., Wierzbicka M.
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
|
2020
|
vol. 74
|
issue 5
1-6
EN
Introduction: A Polish National Major Salivary Gland Benign Tumors Registry (SGR) is a report of benign salivary gland neoplasms (SGNs) from 26 different centres in Poland, introduced in 2014. The aim of this study is to analyze demographic characteristics and clinico-pathological factors of benign SGNs treated in large tertiary institutions and to determine possible correlations between selected variables. Material and method: Analysis of 585 patients recorded in SGR and operated on for SGNs in the Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Surgery, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, over a 5-year period. Patient age, sex, occupation, place of residence, tumor location, size, histology, recurrence, facial nerve function after surgery, wound healing, surgery procedure, availability of pre-operative imaging examinations, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results were analyzed. Results: 338 females and 247 males with a mean age of 53 years were operated on. In total, 96.2% of tumors originated from the parotid and 3.8% from the submandibular gland. The most frequent primary tumor diameter was 2–4 cm (59.5%) followed by <2 cm (29.2%) and >4 cm (8.4%). Tumors of over 4 cm were frequently removed by partial superficial parotidectomy, while those under 2 cm – by extracapsullar dissection (ECD). Pleomorphic adenomas (PA) were predominant (58.8%), followed by Warthin’s tumor (WT) – 37.1%. Patients with WT were on average 13.3 years older than patients with PA. Discussion: This research can be helpful to better understand the clinico-pathological features of SGNs. Long-termin hospital-based analysis is important for subsequent metaanalyses and comparisons with other centers. The reasons why not all patients’ data are reported to the national SGR should be further precisely analyzed.
6
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Mistakes in ultrasound examination of salivary glands

63%
Białek E. J., Jakubowski W.
Journal of Ultrasonography
|
2016
|
vol. 16
|
issue 65
191-203
EN
Ultrasonography is the first imaging method applied in the case of diseases of the salivary glands. The article discusses basic mistakes that can be made during an ultrasound examination of these structures. The reasons for these mistakes may be examiner-dependent or may be beyond their control. The latter may include, inter alia, difficult conditions during examination (technical or patient-related), similarity of ultrasound images in different diseases, the lack of clinical and laboratory data as well as the lack of results of other examinations, their insufficient number or incorrectness. Doctor-related mistakes include: the lack of knowledge of normal anatomy, characteristics of ultrasound images in various salivary gland diseases and statistical incidence of diseases, but also attaching excessive importance to such statistical data. The complex anatomical structures of the floor of the oral cavity may be mistaken for benign or malignant tumors. Fragments of correct anatomical structures (bones, arterial wall fibrosis, air bubbles in the mouth) can be wrongly interpreted as deposits in the salivary gland or in its excretory duct. Correct lymph nodes in the parotid glands may be treated as pathologic structures. Lesions not being a simple cyst, e.g. lymphoma, benign or malignant tumors of the salivary glands or metastatic lymph nodes, can be mistaken for one. The image of disseminated focal changes, both anechoic and solid, is not pathognomonic for specific diseases in the salivary glands. However, in part, it occurs typically and requires an extended differential diagnosis. Small focal changes and infiltrative lesions pose a diagnostic problem because their etiology cannot be safely suggested on the basis of an ultrasound examination itself. The safest approach is to refer patients with abnormal focal changes for an ultrasoundguided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
PL
Badanie ultrasonograficzne jest pierwszą metodą obrazową stosowaną w przypadku chorób ślinianek. W artykule omówiono podstawowe pomyłki, które można popełnić podczas badania ultrasonograficznego tych gruczołów. Przyczyny błędów mogą być zależne i niezależne od lekarza badającego. Do przyczyn niezależnych należą m.in. trudne warunki badania (techniczne lub ze strony osoby badanej), podobieństwo obrazów ultrasonograficznych w różnych jednostkach chorobowych oraz brak danych klinicznych, laboratoryjnych i wyników innych badań lub ich zbyt mała liczba czy nieprawidłowość. Wśród przyczyn pomyłek zależnych od lekarza wykonującego badanie ultrasonograficzne należy wymienić nieznajomość: anatomii prawidłowej, cech obrazów ultrasonograficznych w różnych chorobach ślinianek, statystycznej częstości występowania chorób, ale również zbytnie sugerowanie się nią. Skomplikowane struktury anatomiczne okolicy dna jamy ustnej mogą być mylone z łagodnymi lub złośliwymi nowotworami. Fragmenty prawidłowych struktur anatomicznych (kości, zwłókniałe ściany tętnic, pęcherzyki powietrza w jamie ustnej) mogą zostać nieprawidłowo zinterpretowane jako złogi w śliniance lub jej przewodzie wyprowadzającym. Prawidłowe węzły chłonne obecne w śliniankach przyusznych można potraktować jako struktury patologiczne. Zmiany niebędące torbielą prostą mogą zostać z nią pomylone, np. chłoniak, niezłośliwe i złośliwe nowotwory ślinianek, węzły chłonne przerzutowe. Obraz rozsianych zmian ogniskowych, zarówno bezechowych, jak i litych, nie jest w śliniankach patognomoniczny dla konkretnych jednostek chorobowych, chociaż w części występuje typowo i wymaga poszerzonej diagnostyki różnicowej. Problem diagnostyczny stanowią małe zmiany ogniskowe oraz zmiany naciekowe, ponieważ na podstawie samego badania ultrasonograficznego nie można bezpiecznie sugerować ich etiologii. Najbezpieczniejszym sposobem postępowania jest kierowanie pacjentów z obecnością nieprawidłowych zmian ogniskowych na biopsję aspiracyjną cienkoigłową celowaną, monitorowaną ultrasonograficznie.
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