Search results

1

Development of Sport Courage Scale

100%

Konter E., Ng J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 33

163-172

EN

While theory and practice of sport have much to say about fear, stress and anxiety, they have little to say about courage. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a Sport Courage Scale. Data were collected from two groups of male and female athletes aged from 13 to 22 in different individual and team sports. The first set of data (N = 380) was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, and the second set of data (N = 388) was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis. Analyses revealed a 5-factor structure of Sport Courage Scale that supported factorial validity and reliability of scale scores. These factors were labelled: "Determination", "Mastery", "Assertiveness", "Venturesome", and "Self-Sacrifice Behaviour". Finally, evidence of test-retest reliability of scale scores was supported based on responses from 75 athletes. However, more research is needed to further improve the Sport Courage Scale.

2

A subjective Assessment of Accident Risk in Downhill Skiing by Beginner Skiers and Ski Instructors

100%

Pawelec I.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2016

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vol. 13

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issue 1

143-151

EN

Nowadays downhill skiing is one of the most popular form of winter recreation. Although skiing fulfills a number of contemporary health and leisure needs, even skiing on very well-prepared terrain poses several dangers and risks. Objective safety would be the state of being protected or free from all danger. The subjective aspect relates to one’s mental state and is based on their feeling of confidence of another person, organization, or situation. Subjective risk is connected with perception and is dependent not only on how one perceives a threat but also how can assess its possible outcomes. There are three factors composing the qualitative dimension of risk perception, being ‘the fear of risk’, ‘an unknown risk’, and ‘the level of risk’. The first factor is associated with such features as worrying about potential consequences, anxiety, negativity, voluntariness, and the ability to manage risk. Data was collected by use of a diagnostic survey designed by the study’s author (Risk Assessment Questionnaire). In total, 53 participants completed the survey (26 instructors, 27 beginners). Beginner skiers believed there to be a higher level of risk in skiing than ski instructors, especially among aspects that assessed their perception of risk that concerned themselves. Beginner skiers clearly assessed the risk of downhill skiing higher when it concerned their own welfare and declared higher levels of fear of being involved in an accident.

3

Perception of Risks Associated with the Doping Use Among the Competitors Practicing Individual and Group Sport Disciplines

100%

Mroczkowska H.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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2011

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vol. 18

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issue 2

122-127

EN

Introduction. The aim of this study was the research among athletes whether and to what extent the sport discipline practiced (individual or team competition) influences the perception of risk associated with the use of doping in sport, and whether age and experience translates into the sports perception of the risks of doping. Material and methods. Three groups of athletes diverse was studied because of the nature of the sport task and the experience/time of practice. Individual disciplines were represented by combat sports (n=12, average time of practice ~6 years), group games by football players (n=9, average time of practice ~7 years) and volleyball players (n=13, average time of practice ~14 years.) The technique "Perception of risk of doping" was used to measure: a) the ranking of values that one can afford to lose in consequences of doping; b) the real probability of losing cherished values; c) personally acceptable level of risk associated with loss of value. Results. It was shown that young players who are members of the team are less mature and aware of the risks associated with the use of doping, not only from their older colleagues in the team, but also from their peers, competing individually. In the perception of young players there were both errors in risk assessment (distortion of losses) as well as illusions relating to the control of hazards, and unrealistic optimism about the possibility of avoiding the negative effects of doping. For mature players, the fear of losing public image has proven to be a strong deterrent against the temptation to use of illegal drugs; for young players, a relatively stronger remedy was the fear of losing the attributes of health and physical attractiveness. Conclusion. Due to the small size of the groups, these findings are suggestions that may serve as an inspiration for research on the wider population.

4

Evaluation of the Psychological and Hormonal Parameters in Paragliding

100%

Çalık D. S., Gürsoy R., Saruhan E.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2021

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vol. 34

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issue 2

15-23

EN

Background. Paragliding is an extreme sport performed by gliding from a mountain at high altitude into the air. The authors aimed to determine the differences between the levels of adrenaline, cortisol, and insulin before and after the flight of tandem pilots and passengers flying for the first time, and to determine the relationship between these hormones and death anxiety and risk-taking levels. Materials and methods. The study included 12 experienced male pilots and 15 male passengers flying for the first time. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured after the participants had filled in Personal Information Form, DOSPERT Risk-Taking Scale and Death Anxiety Scale before the flight. Blood samples were taken before and after the flight to determine adrenaline, cortisol, and insulin levels. Results. Adrenaline and cortisol levels, as well as heart rate, increased significantly after the flight, while insulin levels decreased significantly in the passenger group (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the pilot group. Conclusions. The experience factor plays an important role in the positive effect of paragliding flight on cortisol, adrenaline, insulin, and various physiological parameters, as well as mediates the adaptation of the organism to unusual situations. The human organism adapts physiologically and hormonally to the flying action. One of the striking results of the study was that cortisol levels were at the upper limit of normal values in the passenger group after the flight.

5

Aktualny stan badań nad zjawiskiem odporności psychicznej w populacji dzieci alkoholików

100%

Grzegorzewska I.

|

EN

Psychological resilience is a relatively new phenomenon, recently considered for the development of children of alcoholics. In contrast to traditional approaches to adaptation processes of children with a risk of pathology of the concept of resilience focuses on the positive effects of development in children, in whom (because of parental alcoholism) can be expected deficits or pathological symptoms. This review article, presents an analysis of the current state of knowledge and empirical research in the containment area and determinants of the phenomenon of resilience in the population of children of alcoholics.

6

Can the leukocyte`s parameters in peripheral blood smear predict the risk of in-hospital death of patients undergoing high-risk gastrointestinal surgery?

100%

Pluta M., Krzych Ł.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2019

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vol. 91(1)

22-28

EN

Introduction. White blood cell (WBC) count constitutes a part of routine peripheral blood examination (FBC, full blood count). Precise analysis of leukocytes’ parameters in blood smear is usually performed only when leukopenia or leukocytosis is found. We aimed to assess the usefulness of leukocytes’ smear test in predicting in-hospital death of patients undergoing high-risk gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. Materials & Methods. We prospectively enrolled 101 subjects undergoing high-risk GI surgery from 01.01.2017 till 31.12.2017. Blood tests were performed preoperatively, with analysis focused on the assessment of total WBC count, as well as the count of neutrophils (NEUT), lymphocytes (LYM), monocytes (MONO), eosinophils (EOS) and basophils (BASO). Indices of NEUT/LYM (NLR) and MONO/LYM (MLR) were calculated. In-hospital mortality was considered the outcome. Results. Mortality reached 5%. There was no significant difference in WBC count between survivors and the deceased (p=0.2) and WBC failed to predict the outcome (AUC=0.69; p=0.3). MONO (p=0.009) and BASO (p=0.02) counts, as well as MLR (p=0.007) were significantly higher in patients who died. MONO count and MLR index predicted in-hospital death with good accuracy, respectively: AUC[MONO]=0.85 (p<0.001) and AUC[MLR]=0.86 (p<0.001). Other investigated parameters played no significant role in outcome prediction. Conclusion. Routine peripheral blood smear evaluation should be considered in all patients undergoing high-risk GI surgery, because the number of monocytes can be a valuable predictor of in-hospital death.

7

Using of Entropy at Estimation Business Risks

88%

Savina N. B., Slyusarenko N. V., Yakobchuk M. S., Gromaszek K., Smailova S., Muslimov K., Savina N. B., Slyusarenko N. V., Yakobchuk M. S., Gromaszek K., Smailova S., Muslimov K.

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2021

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vol. 67

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issue 2

8

Barrett's esophagus associates with a variant of IL23R gene

88%

Gaj P., Mikula M., Wyrwicz L., Regula J., Ostrowski J.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2008

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vol. 55

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issue 2

365-369

EN

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is regarded as a spectrum of diseases: non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), erosive reflux disease (ERD), and the far end of the spectrum represented by patients with Barrett's esophagus. Among predisposing factors, both risk and protective polymorphic variants of several genes may influence the clinical outcomes of reflux disease. Consequently, different molecular mechanisms are likely to underlie the development of clinical variants of reflux disease. Ninety six patients with reflux disease were screened for polymorphisms of CARD15, SLC22A4 (OCTN1), SLC22A5 (OCTN2), DLG5, ATG16L1 and IL23R genes which had previously been found to associate with immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disorders. While none of the polymorphisms were associated with NERD or ERD, the 1142G/A variant of the IL23R gene was found to be a risk variant in Barrett's esophagus patients. The IL23/IL23R pathway may modulate STAT3 transcriptional activity which is an essential regulator not only of immune-mediated inflammation, but also of inflammatory-associated apoptosis resistance. Although the mechanisms of metaplastic transition of inflamed squamous epithelium are undetermined as yet, our findings suggest potential involvement of alternations in the IL23/IL23R pathway as a molecular background of Barrett's esophagus development.

9

Risk of alterations to project documentation on an example of environmental engineeringconstruction

88%

Rybka I., Bondar-Nowakowska E.

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2013

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issue 4

10

Modeling the Processes of Land Resources Administration

88%

Perovych L., Perovych I., Perovych L., Ludchak O.

Geodesy and Cartography

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2018

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vol. 67

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issue 2

11

The Analysis of Pipeline Transportation Process for CO2Captured From Reference Coal-Fired 900 MW Power Plant to Sequestration Region

88%

Witkowski A., Rusin A., Majkut M., Stolecka K.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2014

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vol. 35

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issue 4

497-514

EN

Three commercially available intercooled compression strategies for compressing CO2 were studied. All of the compression concepts required a final delivery pressure of 153 bar at the inlet to the pipeline. Then, simulations were used to determine the maximum safe pipeline distance to subsequent booster stations as a function of inlet pressure, environmental temperature, thickness of the thermal insulation and ground level heat flux conditions. The results show that subcooled liquid transport increases energy efficiency and minimises the cost of CO2 transport over long distances under heat transfer conditions. The study also found that the thermal insulation layer should not be laid on the external surface of the pipe in atmospheric conditions in Poland. The most important problems from the environmental protection point of view are rigorous and robust hazard identification which indirectly affects CO2 transportation. This paper analyses ways of reducing transport risk by means of safety valves.

12

RISK TAKING PROPENSITY AMONG PEOPLE INVOLVED IN VARIOUS FORMS OF WINTER RECREATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF SKIING

88%

Pawelec I.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2013

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vol. 2

|

issue 2

39-47

EN

Nowadays, recreational activity is not only the general tendency to improve physical function, but is also associated with increased physical effort and risk. For example, there has been the development of more sophisticated and dangerous forms of skiing. Today, skiing can be divided into downhill skiing, practiced in ski resorts, and freeskiing. The freeskiing forms include ski-touring and freeride, considered as extreme. The extreme forms are characterized by high risk as the main motive for their practice. The most important predisposition to engage in those activities is the courage expressed in risk taking propensity. Risk taking propensity is a personality trait that affects human decisions in risky situations. Depending on its severity, more or less risky behavior can be observed. The aim of the study was to determine the level of propensity to risk behaviors of people involved in forms of activity associated with a higher risk in comparison with other participants, on the example of recreational skiing. The questionnaire constructed by Ryszard Studenski was used to measure the risk taking propensity and frequency of risky behavior. The research was carried out on 40 persons classified on the basis of the declaration of preferred form of skiing. People practicing extreme forms of winter activity (skitouring, ski-mountaineering) showed lower level of risk taking propensity than a group of downhill skiers. It was found that the preference of risky sports is not definitely related to the higher propensity to risk-taking behavior.

13

Occupational aetiologies of laryngeal cancer: is there a difference in comparison to (hypo) pharyngeal cancer?

88%

DeJonckere P. H., Moerman M., Cantarella G., Crevier-Buchman L.

Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny

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2016

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vol. 5(4)

1-5

EN

Introduction: The two major recognized risk factors for laryngeal cancer are tobacco and alcohol consumption. However, according to WHO and IARC, occupational factors are probably underestimated. Confirmed/highly probable occupational carcinogens related to laryngeal cancer include asbestos and strong organic acid mists. Probable carcinogens are cement, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and wood dust. Suspected carcinogens are organic solvents, formaldehyde, coal/silica dust, leather dust and cotton dust. An important problem of epidemiological studies appears to be the lack of differentiation between laryngeal and hypopharyngeal (squamous cell) carcinomas. Material and Methods: For the purposes of this study, a database of 164 well-documented cases of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers was created by collecting data from 4 centres in Belgium, Italy and France. In order to identify confirmed, probable and suspected carcinogenic risks, jobs and exposures over the whole career of the patients were exhaustively identified and mapped. Confounding factors were taken in account. Results: In general, occupational exposure to known or suspected carcinogens is significantly higher in laryngeal than in hypopharyngeal carcinomas. As regards the exposed subjects, the global occupational exposure profiles differ significantly (10 categories). Asbestos and acid mist exposures are significantly more important in laryngeal carcinoma. Coal/silica dust exposure is significantly more important in pharyngeal carcinoma..

14

ASSESSMENT OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OPERATION OF THE TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITY VELIKI KRIVELJ, BOR (SERBIA)

75%

NIŠIĆ D., KNEŽEVIĆ D., Lilić N.

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2018

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vol. 63

|

issue 1

15

Trust and risk at the time of the pandemic

75%

Sztompka P., Sztompka P.

Nauka

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2021

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issue 4

16

Risk insurance fund for geothermal energy projects in selected european countries – operational and financial simulation

75%

Kępińska B., Kujbus A., Karytsas S., Boissavy C., Mendrinos D., Karytsas C., Kasztelewicz A., Kępińska B., Kujbus A., Karytsas S., Boissavy C., Mendrinos D., Karytsas C., Kasztelewicz A.

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2021

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vol. 37

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issue 3

17

Maintaining the water consumption, in an urban system: A probabilistic approach is applied

75%

Selmani Bouayoune K., Boudi E. M., Bachir A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2017

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issue 33

18

The method of planning the implementation of railway investments including risk

75%

Kowalski J., Poloński M., Kowalski J., Poloński M.

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2019

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vol. 65

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issue 3

19

Original model for estimating the whole life costs of buildings and its verification

75%

Plebankiewicz E., Zima K., Wieczorek D., Plebankiewicz E., Zima K., Wieczorek D.

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2019

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vol. 65

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issue 2

20

Vegetables Enriched Diet and Oesophageal Cancer Risk. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

75%

Smolińska K., Dębińska I., Paluszkiewicz P.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2010

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vol. 82

|

issue 12

639-644

EN

Oesophagus is common primary localization of digestive system cancer. Recent analyses suggest the role of vegetarian food in reduction of cancer risk. The role of vegetables intake in oesophageal cancer prevention still needs to be proved.Objective. The estimation of the role of vegetables intake in oesophageal cancer risk based on published case-control studies using meta-analysis methods.Methods. The selected literature published till 2009 from MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, CancerLit, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases were included into meta-analysis. The following search terms, key words and text phrases were used: esophageal cancer, cancer risk, oesophageal cancer risk, oesophageal neoplasm; oesophageal neoplasm risk, diet, dietary habits, vegetables and life style. Articles investigating vegetables intake were reviewed and selected for further analysis.Results. Twelve studies have fulfilled the established criteria. The meta-analysis has confirmed the protective effect of vegetables against oesophageal cancer development. The vegetables intake, more frequent than once per week, reduce oesophageal cancer risk (relative risk 0.52; 95% CI 0.38-0.71). The declared intake more frequent than once daily was connected with reduction of cancer development about of 57% (relative risk 0.43; 95% CI 0.32-0.58). The dose-dependent manner of vegetables intake was observed against oesophageal cancer development.Conclusion. The vegetables intake is associated with reduced risk of developing an oesophageal cancer. The total reduction of oesophageal cancer risk is associated with frequency of vegetables intake in the diet.

Refine search results

Development of Sport Courage Scale

A subjective Assessment of Accident Risk in Downhill Skiing by Beginner Skiers and Ski Instructors

Perception of Risks Associated with the Doping Use Among the Competitors Practicing Individual and Group Sport Disciplines

Evaluation of the Psychological and Hormonal Parameters in Paragliding

Aktualny stan badań nad zjawiskiem odporności psychicznej w populacji dzieci alkoholików

Can the leukocyte`s parameters in peripheral blood smear predict the risk of in-hospital death of patients undergoing high-risk gastrointestinal surgery?

Using of Entropy at Estimation Business Risks

Barrett's esophagus associates with a variant of IL23R gene

Risk of alterations to project documentation on an example of environmental engineeringconstruction

Modeling the Processes of Land Resources Administration

The Analysis of Pipeline Transportation Process for CO2Captured From Reference Coal-Fired 900 MW Power Plant to Sequestration Region

RISK TAKING PROPENSITY AMONG PEOPLE INVOLVED IN VARIOUS FORMS OF WINTER RECREATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF SKIING

Occupational aetiologies of laryngeal cancer: is there a difference in comparison to (hypo) pharyngeal cancer?

ASSESSMENT OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OPERATION OF THE TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITY VELIKI KRIVELJ, BOR (SERBIA)

Trust and risk at the time of the pandemic

Risk insurance fund for geothermal energy projects in selected european countries – operational and financial simulation

Maintaining the water consumption, in an urban system: A probabilistic approach is applied

The method of planning the implementation of railway investments including risk

Original model for estimating the whole life costs of buildings and its verification

Vegetables Enriched Diet and Oesophageal Cancer Risk. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies