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The Effects of Load and Effort-Matched Concentric and Eccentric Knee Extension Training in Recreational Females

100%

Fisher J., Langford C.

Human Movement

2014

vol. 15

issue 3

147-151

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of load and intensity of effort-matched concentric and eccentric knee extension training on isometric strength. Methods. Unilateral isometric torque was measured using a MedX knee extension after which eleven recreationally trained females performed both concentric-only (CONC) and eccentric-only (ECC) unilateral knee extension exercise once per week for 8 weeks. Participants performed a single set of both CONC and ECC exercise loadmatched at 80% of maximum isometric torque for each condition. All participants exercised to repetition maximum in both CONC and ECC conditions at a pace of ~3 s duration for each muscle action. This ensured that participants exercised to the same intensity of effort for both CONC and ECC training interventions. Results. Analyses revealed significant increases in isometric torque for both CONC (14.8%) and ECC (13.0%) conditions (p < 0.05). Absolute change from pre- to post-intervention was compared for CONC and ECC training conditions revealing no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Effect sizes are reported as 0.60 (CONC) and 0.53 (ECC). In addition, analyses revealed significantly greater mean total training volume for ECC compared with CONC conditions (15903 vs. 8091, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusions. The present findings indicate that, when matched for intensity of effort, both CONC and ECC knee extension exercise can significantly improve strength to the same extent. This supports previous research that load and repetitions are not as important as intensity of effort in resistance exercise.

The Effects of Muscle Actions Upon Strength Gains

88%

De Carvalho Nogueira A., De Souza Vale R., Colado J., Tella V., Garcia-Massó X., Dantas E.

Human Movement

2011

vol. 12

issue 4

331-336

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of concentric with eccentric muscle actions on strength gains. Methods. Forty-two untrained men were randomly divided into three groups: the concentric experimental (CE), the eccentric experimental (EE) and a control (C). The CE group performed only concentric muscle actions at 80% of one repetition maximum (1 RM) and the EE group performed only eccentric muscle actions at 120% of 1 RM. Both groups trained by performing three sets of 10-12 repetitions for eight weeks of biceps curl (BC) and bench press (BP) exercises. The C group did not engage in any type of training. Results. Analyses performed within the CE group found that there were significant improvements in muscle strength in the eighth week of BP (Δ % = 26.9%, p = 0.01) and in the fourth and eighth week of BC (Δ % = 22.1%, p = 0.00 and Δ% = 32.1%, p = 0.00, respectively). Analyses of the EE group found that there were significant improvements in muscle strength in the fourth and eighth week of BP (Δ% = 13.7%, p = 0.00 and Δ% = 28.4%, p = 0.00, respectively). Between the two groups (CE versus EE), comparisons showed that the CE group performed significantly better than the EE group in the fourth and eighth week of BC (p = 0.00 and p = 0.00, respectively). Conclusions. These findings indicate that those who do not train should perform concentric muscle actions in the first 8 weeks of training in order to generate accelerated strength improvement.

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2 Human Movement

1 2014

1 2011

1 Colado J.

1 Dantas E.

1 De Carvalho Nogueira A.

1 De Souza Vale R.

1 Fisher J.

1 Garcia-Massó X.

1 Langford C.

1 Tella V.

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The Effects of Load and Effort-Matched Concentric and Eccentric Knee Extension Training in Recreational Females

The Effects of Muscle Actions Upon Strength Gains