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The Referee as Educator: Hermeneutical and Pedagogical Perspectives

100%

Isidori E., Müller A., Kaya S.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

2012

vol. 56

issue 1

5-11

Nowadays, in contemporary sports studies scarce attention is devoted to studying the referee and his/her functions in light of the philosophical and pedagogical approach. For this reason, the main aim of this study is to use a hermeneutical philosophic methodology to reflect on the role and functions of this figure, and to show his or her importance in preserving the intrinsic values of sport in front of youth and society. Starting with a historical analysis of the referee and the sport judge in ancient Greek athletics, this study will highlight how such this important figure has always been a key element of competitive sport. This study will demonstrate that refereeing is a practice that needs a specific set of hermeneutical skills and the development of complex pedagogical knowledge and ways of acting. It will also define the concept of “refereeing” in light of a pedagogical approach demonstrating that this practice is, fundamentally, a communicative action implying an ethical and hermeneutical dimension of the referee as a critical-reflective professional committed to enforcing sport’s rules and values. In conclusion, the study will stress the importance of looking at referees and sport judges not as a mere technicians and evaluators of performances in competitions but as educators whose specific knowledge must be developed in all of the courses for their training and education.

Violent Incidents in Greek Basketball. Referees' Perspective on the Theoretical Models of Violence

100%

Koukouris K., Stavros T.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

2009

vol. 46

issue 1

177-193

During the last 30 years a significant body of knowledge has been accumulated around the issue of hooliganism in professional soccer. However, very little has been said about violence in basketball, a sport that has the most incidents of violence after soccer and perhaps handball in Europe. Although an increasing number of violent incidents in basketball are reported in the mass media, research is limited. The sample consisted of 16 top Greek basketball referees, several of whom were distinguished even at an international level. The top referees were interviewed in a hotel prior to matches. The criteria for the choice of leading referees was based on their top refereeing experience (A1 division). Officials provide support for the notion that basketball is hostage to personal interests and is used as a means of pressure for the service of other aims. The theory for the social roots of hooliganism as well as the theory of frustration - aggression provide sufficient explanations for the interpretation of violence in basketball. Under work and family pressures young people become more aggressive and unload their disappointment in the sports ground, which they consider to be a suitable outlet.

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2 Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

1 2012

1 2009

1 Isidori E.

1 Kaya S.

1 Koukouris K.

1 Müller A.

1 Stavros T.

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The Referee as Educator: Hermeneutical and Pedagogical Perspectives

Violent Incidents in Greek Basketball. Referees' Perspective on the Theoretical Models of Violence