Search results

1

Reaction of Coniferous Forest Vegetation to Particulate Deposition Under Alkaline Pressure

100%

Świercz A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica

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2011

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vol. 7

229-246

EN

The aim of this study was to determine direction, rate and character of the changes in coniferous forest communities caused by anthropogenic stress factors (alkaline emission and imission) changing with time. To fulfil this goal, we have performed comprehensive studies of soils and plants at the study sites located in coniferous forest communities remaining under direct influence of cement and lime industry in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. There were differences in the accumulation of elements in pine needles collected at alkalized sites in comparison with needles from the control site: Ca content was 2.5 times higher and Cu, Pb and Sr contents were 2–3 times higher, while Al and Fe, and Mn contents were twice and 10 times lower respectively. SEM analysis of morphological features of pine needle surface, in particular degree of preservation of epicuticular waxes can be as an indicator of assimilatory organ degeneration caused by dust deposition which induces wax layer erosion. Declining species number and biodiversity, particularly conspicuous at the Sitkówka site, was a general tendency observed over the study period (from 18 to 10 years). Other noticeable processes include slow regenerative changes of the community with a tendency towards higher contribution of acidophilic coniferous forest species with lower light and temperature requirements and suppression of meadow, ruderal and associated taxa. Further studies are required in order to define succession rate and direction of changes in species composition of these communities.

2

The influence of muscle soreness on the speed of performing a motor reaction speed task in football goalkeepers during a training camp

75%

Muracki J.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2020

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vol. 32

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issue 4

27-41

EN

Aim: To investigate the influence of muscle soreness on the speed of performing a motor reaction speed task in football goalkeepers. Methods: Twenty-four young healthy football goalkeepers, aged 1618 years old (average 16.7 ±0.67 year), with an average body height of 175.6 ±5.4 cm and body weight of 65 ±5 kg, participated in a study conducted during a 6-day training camp. The first day, referred to as day 0, was intended for initial tests and the following 5 days, referred to as days 15, consisted of training. On day 0, before the training period, anthropometric parameters such as weight and height were measured, subjects were questioned to determine the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and perceived psychophysical readiness (PPR), a speed test with motor reaction choice (ST) was performed using a Smart Speed System and areas with muscle soreness (MS) were recorded by means of a computer tablet with the Navigate Pain application. The goalkeepers participated in two training sessions on each of the following 5 days. Before each training session, the same speed test was performed. Lap times for 5 m and 15 m were recorded. After the second training session each day, the participants drew digital pain maps using a computer tablet, marking separate areas of the body where they felt muscle soreness. These data were consolidated and the total area was analyzed to investigate if, throughout the training, there were any changes to the size of the area that was indicated as having MS. A categorization of body areas was also made to determine areas where muscle soreness was most frequently indicated. Each training session was monitored with heart rate (HR) registration and each goalkeeper determined his fatigue (RPE) and readiness to exercise (PPR) on a 110-point scale. Results: Twenty-three out of twenty-four (98.5%) goalkeepers indicated that they had MS during the study. Day 2 showed the highest incidence rate with 21 participants indicating that they felt MS. The biggest area of MS was also indicated on day 2, yet statistical analysis did not show significant differences in the area of MS between the training days. MS was most often indicated in the upper leg, i.e. the thighs. The average time of the first 5 m was 1.3 [s] (SD = 0.09), ranging from 1.28 [s] to 1.33 [s], while the average time of the following 10 m was 2.07 [s] (SD = 0.18), ranging from 2.04 to 2.1 [s]. The average total speed test time equaled 3.37 [s] (SD = 0.21), ranging from 3.33 to 3.38. Statistical analysis did not show significant differences in any of the results between the training days. Conclusions: Most of the goalkeepers felt muscle soreness as an effect of specific goalkeeper training, measured by indicating painful zones on digital pain drawings. In this study, where muscle soreness was induced by technical-tactical specific goalkeeper training, no significant changes were noticed in the speed of performing a motor speed test with reaction choice or on the area of muscle soreness indicated on digital pain drawings, although almost every goalkeeper had a large area of muscle soreness. Discussion: Many studies show that delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) causes a decrease in strength, power, range of motion and speed. However, in many cases, these studies are designed to induce high intensity DOMS and then conduct isolated motor skill tests. In this study the objective was not to induce high intensity DOMS but to investigate the effect of muscle pain, which is present naturally during training processes, and then assess its effect on a speed test which reflects real game situations – with a component of reaction choice and change of movement and direction. Approaching the subject from a different viewpoint allows us to see that the reliable assessment of the psychophysical state of players, made by observing their actions on the pitch or even using photocells to measure motion speed, is difficult without an insight into the parameters of soreness that players experience. These can be monitored, for example, through digital pain mapping software.

3

Adsorption with chemical reaction in porous catalyst pellets under alternate concentration fields. Uniform temperature case

75%

Bizon K., Tabiś B.

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2016

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vol. 37

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issue 4

4

Język polski i kultura dla Ukraińców: studia psycholingwistyczne

51%

Denysewicz O.

Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe

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2022

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issue 6(3)

15-20

PL

W artykule przeanalizowano związek języka z kulturą, które kształtują językowy i kulturowy obrazy świata. Podjęto próbę określenia kluczowych pojęć w obrazie językowym świata Ukraińców na słowa-bodźce − język polski i kultura polska poprzez swobodne i spójne eksperymenty asocjacyjne. Zidentyfikowano główne powiązania semantyczne w polach asocjacyjnych i zidentyfikowano największe sfery semantyczne w każdej grupie badanych. W artykule zaktualizowano pojęcie narodowy i kulturowy obraz świata. Znaczenie wywiadu naukowego zyskuje popularność w związku z procesami emigracyjnymi Ukraińców do Polski. Wyniki badań mogą pomóc nauczycielom języka polskiego jako obcego zrozumieć, w jaki sposób język polski i kultura znajdują odzwierciedlenie w językowym obrazie świata Ukraińców. Badanie wykazało, że Ukraińcy postrzegają JĘZYK POLSKI przez pryzmat polskiej kultury. Potwierdza to pogląd, że osobowość językowa poprzez przyswajanie określonego języka obcego, poznaje wartości zakorzenione w językowym i kulturowym obrazie świata tej społeczności językowej. Dla Ukraińców uczących się języka polskiego połączenie językowego i kulturowego obrazu świata jest ważne w procesie przyswajania języka, a czasem także tożsame. Język polski przez Ukraińców postrzegany jest przez pryzmat kultury polskiej. W związku z tym pomaga tworzyć pewne powiązania asocjacyjne, które służą skutecznej i pomysłowej nauce języka.

EN

The article analyses the relationship between language and culture, which shape the linguistic and cultural images of the world. An attempt was made to define the key concepts in the linguistic picture of the world of Ukrainians into words-stimuli – Polish language and culture through free and coherent association experiments. The main semantic relationships in the association fields and the largest semantic spheres in each group of subjects were identified. The article updates the concept of national and cultural image of the world. The importance of scientific intelligence is gaining popularity in connection with the emigration of Ukrainians to Poland. The results of the research may help teachers of Polish as a foreign language understand how the language of Polish and culture are reflected in the linguistic image of the world of Ukrainians. The survey showed that Ukrainians perceive the POLISH LANGUAGE through the prism of Polish culture. This supports the view that the linguistic personality learns the values rooted in the linguistic and cultural image of the world of this linguistic community through the acquisition of a specific foreign language. The combination of the linguistic and cultural image of the world is important for Ukrainians learning Polish in language acquisition, and sometimes identical. The Polish language is perceived by Ukrainians through the prism of Polish culture. Therefore, it helps create associative connections that serve effective and imaginative language learning.

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1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica

1 Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

1 Chemical and Process Engineering

1 Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe

1 2022

1 2020

1 2016

1 2011

1 Bizon K.

1 Denysewicz O.

1 Muracki J.

1 Tabiś B.

1 Świercz A.

Reaction of Coniferous Forest Vegetation to Particulate Deposition Under Alkaline Pressure

The influence of muscle soreness on the speed of performing a motor reaction speed task in football goalkeepers during a training camp

Adsorption with chemical reaction in porous catalyst pellets under alternate concentration fields. Uniform temperature case

Język polski i kultura dla Ukraińców: studia psycholingwistyczne