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Functionalization of polyolefins by reactive processing

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From the study of the modification of PE and PP with maleic anhydride, maleic acid and an acid salt of maleic acid (sodium maleate) in a liquid or solid state, it was shown that the main controlling factor in the solid state modification of polyolefins is the joint plastic deformation of the system components. The changes of molecular characteristics were investigated by gel permeation chromatography. It was shown, that the molecular weight of modified PP samples increases at times by linking with intermolecular associates in the solutions. The formation of associates plays essential role in the behaviour of solutions of modified PP. The morphology of modified PP samples was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. It was shown, that intermolecular association strongly influences on the processes of formation and growth of nucleus and the structure of generated polymeric materials.
EN
This article describes the results of metallurgical studies of three experiments on hammering products made of iron meteorites. The objective qualification criteria of these materials created by plastic deformation were defined: carburization in smithing hearth, creating martensitic structure and the existence of small-martensitic weld and increased content of nickel.
EN
The paper presents the results of research of nanocrystalline AISI 316L type stainless steel and nanocrystalline Armco pure iron processed by severe plastic deformation using hydrostatic extrusion method. Surface and subsurface of the steel samples extruded at different pressure were investigated using variable energy positron beam. It enabled us to determine the positron diffusion length and compare its values with those for annealed AISI 304 stainless steel. Furthermore positron lifetime and microhardness were measured for all the samples and X-ray diffraction was used to estimate the crystallite size.
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