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Acute effects of light exercise on subjectively experienced well-being: Benefits in only three minutes

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Szabo A., Gaspar Z., Abraham J.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

2013

vol. 5

issue 4

261-266

Background: In the context of sedentary lifestyle as a major contemporary health issue, this study examined how an ultra brief exercise bout affects perceived subjective well-being. Material/Methods: Two studies were conducted. In the first study, young participants performed light exercises for 3-minutes. The second study replicated the first, but a sitting-quietly control group was also included to account for possible habituation or order effects. On a single item 10-point Likert scale, conceptualized as core affect, participants rated their well-being immediately before and after the exercise bouts and rest, respectively. Results: In both studies the exercise triggered statistically significant (p < .001) improvement in the perceived well-being (effect sizes (d) = .62 in Study I, and d = .75 in Study II), while no statistically significant change was noted in the control group. Conclusions: These findings are the first ever in the scholastic literature to demonstrate that only 3 minutes of light exercises could trigger subjective experience of improved well-being. The practical implication of these findings is that an instant boost in subjective feeling states can be achieved through very short, light, and undemanding exercises that could be repeated several times a day in different life settings.

Insights into Supplements with Tribulus Terrestris used by Athletes

86%

Pokrywka A., Obmiński Z., Malczewska-Lenczowska J., Fijatek Z., Turek-Lepa E., Grucza R.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2014

vol. 41

issue 1

99-105

Herbal and nutritional supplements are more and more popular in the western population. One of them is an extract of an exotic plant, named Tribulus terrestris (TT). TT is a component of several supplements that are available over-the-counter and widely recommended, generally as enhancers of human vitality. TT is touted as a testosterone booster and remedy for impaired erectile function; therefore, it is targeted at physically active men, including male athletes. Based on the scientific literature describing the results of clinical trials, this review attempted to verify information on marketing TT with particular reference to the needs of athletes. It was found that there are few reliable data on the usefulness of TT in competitive sport. In humans, a TT extract used alone without additional components does not improve androgenic status or physical performance among athletes. The results of a few studies have showed that the combination of TT with other pharmacological components increases testosterone levels, but it was not discovered which components of the mixture contributed to that effect. TT contains several organic compounds including alkaloids and steroidal glycosides, of which pharmacological action in humans is not completely explained. One anti-doping study reported an incident with a TT supplement contaminated by a banned steroid. Toxicological studies regarding TT have been carried out on animals only, however, one accidental poisoning of a man was described. The Australian Institute of Sport does not recommend athletes’ usage of TT. So far, the published data concerning TT do not provide strong evidence for either usefulness or safe usage in sport.

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1 Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

1 Journal of Human Kinetics

1 2014

1 2013

1 Abraham J.

1 Fijatek Z.

1 Gaspar Z.

1 Grucza R.

1 Malczewska-Lenczowska J.

1 Obmiński Z.

1 Pokrywka A.

1 Szabo A.

1 Turek-Lepa E.

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Acute effects of light exercise on subjectively experienced well-being: Benefits in only three minutes

Insights into Supplements with Tribulus Terrestris used by Athletes