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1

Place of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute infections of upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract

100%

Pietruszewska W., Barańska M., Wielgat J.

Otolaryngologia Polska

|

2018

|

vol. 72(4)

42-50

EN

Acute infections of the upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract (mouth and throat) are still the most common reason for reporting to the general practitioner or ENT specialist. Despite the fact that the most common causative agent of these diseases is a virus, antibiotics are still flavored in about 60-80% of patients who report to the doctor. In consensuses such as EPOS, WHO reports and other local/ / national reports, there is a need to limit antibacterial treatment for and to replace it with symptomatic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition to intranasal steroids and mucocutaneous decongestants, supplementary treatment should be considered which resolves persistent symptoms. Plant preparations are used here. The growing role of rational phytotherapy is emphasized, especially due to the most frequent the etiological factor of these infections, i.e. viruses. Modern phytotherapy is a part of pharmacology, and all preparations based on plants meet the standards for of medicines and are subject to standard registration procedures. The article discusses the use and mechanism of action of selected herbs, among others: sorrel, elderberry, yarrow, and horsetail in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and upper gastrointestinal tract. The phytotherapy shows good efficacy and tolerance and can be used both in children and adults in recurrent infections of the upper respiratory tract. It is worth paying attention to the combined preparations, the components of which have the effects confirmed by randomized trials and long-term registration for use in treatment, both during the first signs of cold and its further duration, and supportive as support in chronic inflammation especially of the paranasal sinuses.

2

Place of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute infections of upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract

100%

Pietruszewska W., Barańska M., Wielgat J.

Polish Journal of Otolaryngology

|

2018

|

vol. 72

|

issue 4

42-50

EN

Acute infections of the upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract (mouth and throat) are still the most common reason for reporting to the general practitioner or ENT specialist. Despite the fact that the most common causative agent of these diseases is a virus, antibiotics are still flavored in about 60-80% of patients who report to the doctor. In consensuses such as EPOS, WHO reports and other local/ / national reports, there is a need to limit antibacterial treatment for and to replace it with symptomatic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition to intranasal steroids and mucocutaneous decongestants, supplementary treatment should be considered which resolves persistent symptoms. Plant preparations are used here. The growing role of rational phytotherapy is emphasized, especially due to the most frequent the etiological factor of these infections, i.e. viruses. Modern phytotherapy is a part of pharmacology, and all preparations based on plants meet the standards for of medicines and are subject to standard registration procedures. The article discusses the use and mechanism of action of selected herbs, among others: sorrel, elderberry, yarrow, and horsetail in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and upper gastrointestinal tract. The phytotherapy shows good efficacy and tolerance and can be used both in children and adults in recurrent infections of the upper respiratory tract. It is worth paying attention to the combined preparations, the components of which have the effects confirmed by randomized trials and long-term registration for use in treatment, both during the first signs of cold and its further duration, and supportive as support in chronic inflammation especially of the paranasal sinuses.

3

Neuroprotekcyjne właściwości związków pochodzenia roślinnego: triterpeny pentacykliczne

63%

Orłowska-Majdak M.

Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna

|

2014

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vol. 14

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issue 4

284-289

EN

The brain is a structure of great variability during the ontogenetic human life. In the first period of life, changes in its structure and activities are due to the processes of development and maturation. Then, due to the remarkable synaptic plasticity, individual brain centres adapt to the requirements of the environment in which the man lives, and his lifestyle. After the age of 40 years, apoptosis, the process of programmed cell death of neurons begins. In a state of disease, the process of necrosis or aponecrosis may cause additional destruction of neurons. The process of neurogenesis based on local or transplanted brain stem cells has a repairing effect in the damaged structures, but may be also associated with psychiatric and neurological diseases. Underlying processes of neuroprotection include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic processes and antidestructive action of Ca. Phytotherapy based on compounds of plant origin has been found to have a supporting function in neuroprotection. In recent years, particular attention is paid to neuroprotective properties of pentacyclic triterpenes and their derivatives. The article presents neuroprotective properties of ursolic, oleanolic, maslinic, asiatic, betulinic, boswellic acid and triterpene saponins from Bupleurum and Panax ginseng. Ginseng saponins additionally increase neurogenesis in the brain. The possibility of using these triterpene compounds in the treatment of many neurological and psychiatric diseases has been suggested. However, it should be pointed out that the direction of their action may depend on the dosage, they may have a different effect on various types of neurons, and they can interact with other drugs used simultaneously. Most of the experiments using triterpenes were performed on animals or cell cultures. Further studies in humans are required to further determine triterpene effect in humans.

PL

Ludzki mózg to struktura wykazująca ogromną zmienność w ciągu życia osobniczego. W pierwszym okresie zmiany budowy i czynności spowodowane są procesami rozwoju i dojrzewania. Następnie, dzięki niezwykłej plastyczności synaptycznej, poszczególne ośrodki mózgu przystosowują się do wymagań środowiska, w jakim człowiek funkcjonuje, i do stylu jego życia. Po 40. roku życia włącza się proces zaprogramowanej śmierci neuronów, czyli apoptozy, a w stanie choroby neurony mogą ginąć w procesie nekrozy lub aponekrozy. Neurogeneza na bazie miejscowych albo transplantowanych komórek macierzystych mózgu pełni funkcję naprawczą w powstałych uszkodzeniach, ale może także mieć związek z chorobami psychicznymi i neurologicznymi. U podstaw neuroprotekcji leżą procesy antyoksydacyjne, przeciwzapalne, antyapoptotyczne i przeciwdziałające destrukcyjnemu działaniu jonów wapnia. Wspierającą funkcję w działaniu neuroprotekcyjnym mogą mieć związki pochodzenia roślinnego, podawane w ramach fitoterapii. W ostatnich latach zwrócono uwagę na neuroprotekcyjne właściwości pentacyklicznych triterpenów i ich pochodnych. W pracy omówiono właściwości neuroprotekcyjne kwasu ursolowego, oleanolowego, maslinowego, asjatowego, betulinowego, bosweliowego oraz saponin triterpenowych pozyskiwanych z roślin Bupleurum i Panax ginseng. Saponiny ginseng dodatkowo nasilają neurogenezę w mózgu. Sugeruje się potencjał stosowania wymienionych związków w terapii wielu chorób neurologicznych i psychicznych – z kilkoma zastrzeżeniami: 1) kierunek działania może zależeć od dawki; 2) związki te mogą różnie działać na neurony różnych rodzajów; 3) mogą istnieć niekorzystne interakcje z innymi lekami stosowanymi równocześnie. Większość doświadczeń z użyciem triterpenów wykonano na zwierzętach bądź w hodowlach komórkowych, zagadnienie wymaga więc dalszych badań na ludziach.

4

Berberys pospolity - roślina ozdobna i lecznicza

63%

Wojciechowska I.

Kosmos

|

2017

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vol. 66

|

issue 3

487-490

PL

Berberys pospolity jest popularnym, dziko rosnącym krzewem krajów europejskich oraz krzewem ozdobnym na całym świecie. Roślina ta posiada walory dekoracyjne dzięki zimotrwałym, czerwonym jagodom. Prócz tego, korzeń i owoc berberysu zawierają liczne biologicznie aktywne związki, które umożliwiają stosowanie berberysu w terapii stanów zapalnych, zakażeń, chorób serca, dróg żółciowych i jelit. Najważniejszym związkiem aktywnym berberysu jest alkaloid berberyna, która jest naturalnym antybiotykiem. Ponadto, owoc berberysu stanowi cenne źródło witamin C i P.

EN

Berberis vulgaris L. is a wild shrub common in European countries and an ornamental shrub throughout the world. Its unusual decorative value is caused by red berries which do not fall during the wintertime. Besides, the barberry root and fruit contain various biologically active constituents. These compounds are used in phytotherapy as anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, cardiac, digestive and choleretic natural agents. The most important active compound of barberry is alkaloid berberine, a natural antibiotic. In addition, barberry fruit of is a good source of vitamins C and P.

5

Acute sinusitis in daily clinical practice

51%

Arcimowicz M.

Polish Journal of Otolaryngology

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2021

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vol. 75

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issue 4

40-50

EN

Understanding the appropriate use of diagnostics and treatment in acute rhinosinusitis is of immense importance given the high prevalence of this disease in the general population. The ability to differentiate between the principal phenotypes of acute sinusitis, namely acute viral infection (cold), acute post-viral sinusitis and acute bacterial sinusitis, determines the future management and is fundamental to providing rational therapeutic recommendations – especially as regards antibiotic treatment, which is very often overused in acute sinusitis even though bacterial phenotypes only account for 0.5–2% of all cases of the disease. The latest therapeutic recommendations contained in the EPOS2020 position paper introduce a system based on integrated care pathways (ICPs), which comprise pharmacy-supported self-care and e-health as the first level, followed by primary care as the second, with specialist care being reserved for patients who develop a more severe course of the disease, have suspected complications or suffer from recurrent acute sinusitis. Management of acute sinusitis is primarily based on symptomatic treatment modalities, with phytotherapeutic support, as well as on antiinflammatory treatment, while antibiotic therapy is used in very specific and limited indications. Complications are relatively rare in acute sinusitis and they are not considered to be associated with antibiotic intake. Considering the high prevalence of acute forms of sinusitis, their significant impact on quality of life and high direct and indirect costs of treatment, the right diagnosis and management, without unnecessary escalation of therapy, can substantially translate into a number of public health benefits.

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2 Polish Journal of Otolaryngology

1 Kosmos

1 Otolaryngologia Polska

1 Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna

1 2021

2 2018

1 2017

1 2014

2 Barańska M.

2 Pietruszewska W.

2 Wielgat J.

1 Arcimowicz M.

1 Orłowska-Majdak M.

1 Wojciechowska I.

Place of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute infections of upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract

Place of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute infections of upper respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract

Neuroprotekcyjne właściwości związków pochodzenia roślinnego: triterpeny pentacykliczne

Berberys pospolity - roślina ozdobna i lecznicza

Acute sinusitis in daily clinical practice