Search results

1

Perceptual microgenesis – what are its real-time characteristics?

100%

Bachmann T.

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vol. 17(2)

111-127

EN

According to the microgenetic stance, each following instant of perception gradually grows out from the each preceding one and is essentially a continual part of it. It is difficult to exclusively differentiate past, present and future in perception, because in the currently experienced mental reality past, present and future overlap, with no very clear borders in between. However, in the practical domain these theoretical underpinnings remain useless unless we support them by specific experimental data about the more or less precise values of measurements characterizing the real-time constraints and ranges within which the microgenetic perception unfolds. Here, the general theoretical picture of perceptual microgenesis will be supplemented with some simple data on the quantitative aspects of actual microgenesis. I will review some experimental measurements of perceptual microgenesis such as the real-time values of microgenesis, typical orders with which different characteristics of the same object/event unfold, arbitrariness with which the objective order is transformed to a subjective order, the phenomenon of proactive facilitation. Microgenetic stance will be discussed also in light of the issue of neural correlates of consciousness.

2

Design and Validation of a Tool to Collect Student-Athletes' Perception of Their Satisfaction

88%

Palao J. M., Jost B., Katzer J., Parietti M.

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vol. 43

25-36

EN

The purpose of this study was to design and validate a tool to collect the student-athletes' perception of their satisfaction. The instrument collects information regarding student-athlete characteristics, self-perception, perception of training, perception of team/teammates, perception of the program organization, and perception of the support received. The design and validation, of the questionnaire were done in two phases: a) design and development of the instrument, and b) content validation by experts. The results show that the tool is suitable for obtaining information about student-athletes' perception of their satisfaction. The implementation of the tool involves two phases: a) student-athletes completion of a survey and b) student-athletes and moderator carry out a group discussion regarding the causes behind their answers, things to maintain, and things that could change or improve. The tool developed and validated could contribute to increase the information of student-athletes about their experience and generate communication channels.

3

Information Processes, Stimulation and Perceptual Training in Fencing

88%

Borysiuk Z., Waskiewicz Z.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2008

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vol. 19

63-82

EN

Learning and development of motor skills and techniques in fencing and other sports with open motor habits are based on perceptual processes involving the senses of vision, touch, and hearing. In fencing, the same stimuli can yield defensive or offensive actions, which are strictly related to the tactics and strategy. Different types of stimulation determine reaction time, movement time, and muscle bioelectric tension (EMG) in fencing. From the training process, controlling the significance of dominant stimuli should be taken into account. The results of presented studies of advanced and novice fencers show that the time of reaction to tactile stimulation is similar or slightly shorter than to acoustic stimuli followed by visual stimuli. The advanced fencers were faster than the novice fencers in all the studied parameters. The EMG signal was significantly lower in case of advanced fencers in all three types of stimulation. It can be a proof that the psycho-motor superiority of elite fencers results in a reduction of the bioelectrical tension of muscles involved in performing the motor tasks. Perceptual skills enable athletes to respond to important signals in sport competition and ignore disrupting ones which lower the effectiveness of sports combat. Time pressure during sports competition makes it necessary to reduce as much as possible the decision-making time and the time of sensorimotor responses in the motor phase. The study results show that experienced athletes make decisions much faster than their novice colleagues. It conforms to the main strategy of perceptual training, (i.e., gaining maximum benefits at the lowest expense). Speed of decision-making is strictly associated with the stimuli detection effectiveness and re-creation of acquired motor patterns.

4

Does work stress affect neurocognitive functions? Case of Moroccan workers

88%

Arji S., Elhaddadi M., Ahami A. O. T., Ziri R.

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EN

Depending on its stage, stress influences cognitive functions. Indeed, several authors have ensured the degradation of cognitive functions by stress. Others did not find any association between the two. A third group of authors claimed that stress improves the performance of certain cognitive functions. Faced with this inconsistency of results, we conducted this study with the aim of finding out whether job stress alters or stimulates cognitive functions. Our study focused on 102 workers who were asked to freely and anonymously complete a questionnaire deemed relevant at the international scale. The age of the participants is between 22 and 60 years old with an average of 37 years and a standard deviation of 11 years. The population is made up of 77% of men and 23% of women. For the school level of the subjects: 50% of the subjects have a level bac to bac+2, 30% have a level higher than bac+2 and 20% have a level lower than bac. The professional status of workers is divided into three types: 48% are supervisors and technicians, 32% are executing workers and 20% are senior managers. The participants underwent two neurocognitive tests using the ELIAN software. Analysis of the results shows that there is no significant link between work stress and the cognitive functions studied. However, the analysis of the results of each socio-professional category separately shows that stress significantly reduces the visual working memory score of young people (< 40 years old), as well as the ability to concentrate of subjects with a school level higher than bac+2. While it improves visual perception in men and old people over the age of 40. There are significant links between some cognitive performances and the socio-professional characteristics of the stressed subjects. Therefore, work stress can affect neurocognitive health, which is more serious. In order to understand the relationship between work or chronic stress and cognition as well as their moderating factors, it is advisable to increase the size of the sample and to diversify the cognitive functions studied as well as their tasks.

5

A qualitative research on perception and experience of students regarding practice of cervical cancer screening: a case study of Nigerian Students

88%

Omopariola O. G., Amiri R., Bello R.-W.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2023

|

vol. 49

67-87

EN

Cervical cancer screening allows for the early diagnosis of aberrant cervical cells, such as precancerous cervical lesions, as well as cervical malignancies in the initial stages. Cervical screening has been found to minimize the mobility and mortality of cervical cancer. Cervical screening is not widely practiced in underdeveloped nations for a variety of reasons and barriers. The study aims to explore the perception and experience of the Nigerian students in Sunderland regarding the practice of cervical cancer screening. A qualitative research approach was used in this study using purposive sampling to select the interviewers who are Nigerians. This study was conducted with eight female postgraduate Nigeria students at the University of Sunderland, United Kingdom. Semi-structure in-depth interview was carried out under the qualitative study. The interview was conducted face to face using audio recording, transcribed, and coded for analysis. Finding from this study showed elevated level of awareness of cervical cancer screening as evidence by knowledge displayed by participants and important of the cervical screening to the participants. The level of awareness differs based on their opinion from the experience. This study also highlighted the socio-cultural restrains, structural and economical constrains that served as barriers to the practice of cervical cancer screening in Nigeria. This is revealed by the participant’s feedback to the interview question on the barriers and facilitators to the practice of cervical cancer screening. This implies that these barriers limit the practice of cervical cancer screening. Cervical cancer is a global issue that claims the lives of women. Cervical cancer screening is a good innovation which helps to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Recommendation was given to public health, nurses, federal government, and organizations on how to increase awareness and eliminate barriers to the practice of cervical cancer screening.

6

Transverse study of the perception and uses of honey as a complementary and alternative medicine in Ibadan, Nigeria

88%

Ibitoye O. S.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2019

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vol. 25

1-14

EN

Honey is the focus of many research projects for its varied biological activities. It is an age-old remedy that is currently being rediscovered as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to be used in modern medicine. The present study aims to investigate the use and perception of honey as CAM among the general public in Ibadan metropolis. A cross sectional study was conducted using three local government areas in Ibadan, a structured and tested questionnaire was then adopted with readjustment. A total of 405 questionnaires were randomly distributed within the study area. These indicate that 63.5% (257/405) of the respondents used honey as CAM, and age significantly affects the usage/ none usage of honey in the study area (p < 0.05). Many respondents claimed they use honey as a dietary supplement for general well-being (79%, 203/257), or for treating burns/wounds (76.3, 196/257), cough (72.8%, 187/257) and sore throat (60.3%, 155/257). A small percentage of the respondents used honey to treat ulcers (17.1%, 44/257). Our work also revealed that a limited number of the respondents (13%, 32/257) buy honey from pharmaceutical stores, while information regarding honey was majorly gotten from friends and family (70%, 180/257). In addition, respondents have favourable perception of the use of honey as CAM - as over 60% of them rated strongly agree and agree for each of the perception question. Respondents highlighted some risk factors affecting the use of honey as CAM, Among which inadequate information on the use of honey ranked highest (mean = 4.40), concerns were also raised on the quality (mean = 4.33) and high price of honey used (4.31). There are favourable perception of the use of honey as CAM, but issues relating to honey quality should be determined before use. Future work should be done to test the perception and acceptance level of honey as CAM among health workers.

7

Piotr Francuz (1960–2020) – pro memoria

75%

Brzeziński J. M., Oleś P. K., Brzeziński J. M., Oleś P. K.

Nauka

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2021

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issue 1

8

A Perceptionist’s View on Psychoacoustics

75%

Blauert J.

Archives of Acoustics

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2012

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vol. 37

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issue 3

9

Analysis of Social Conflicts in Poland’s Soundscape as a Challenge to Socio-Acoustics

75%

Bernat S.

Archives of Acoustics

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2016

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vol. 41

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issue 3

10

QUANTITATIVE STUDY EVALUATING PERCEPTION OF GENERAL PUBLIC TOWARDS ROLE OF PHARMACIST IN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN

75%

JIN X., AZHAR S., MURTAZA G., XUE F., MUMTAZ A., NIU H., TAHA A., ZHANG Y.

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research

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2014

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vol. 71

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issue 5

869-875

EN

To investigate general public perception towards the role of pharmacist in developing countriesí healthcare system was the main aim of this study, which would be the basic foundation for researching the treatment pattern of cognitive disorder after stroke in communities. The study population (sample size = 385) consisted of general public from Islamabad, Faisalabad and Lahore, Pakistan. Main sections of the questionnaire comprised of series of statements pertaining to consumerís perception and experience with the pharmacists. The response rate of study was 77.1%. A majority (80.1%) of the consumers knows who is pharmacist; 49.8% (n = 148) of the respondents found the pharmacist working in the pharmacies; 74.1% (n = 220) believed that pharmacist can guide them regarding their medicine. With respect to government efforts to improve services provided by community pharmacies, less percentage (31.0%) of the consumers were satisfied. Half of the respondents (59.9%) were expecting from the pharmacists to be knowledgeable drug therapy experts, whereas 61.3% (n = 182) expect from the pharmacists to educate them regarding safe and appropriate use of medication. The findings of this study conclude that the quality of pharmaceutical services provided is very low in Pakistan. There is a gap between the public and the pharmacist, which can only be filled by creating awareness among public regarding the pharmacistís role in healthcare system and by focusing on how services provided by the pharmacists can add improvement to general public health.

11

Attitudes of Iranian Male University Students Toward Sport and Exercise with Reference to Age, Educational Level, and Field of Study

63%

Mirsafian H.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2014

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vol. 64

|

issue 1

18-28

EN

This article aimed to discover the attitudes of Iranian male university students toward sport and exercise. This study is based on the same research as another published paper regarding the attitudes of Iranian female students toward sport and exercise. Participants (N = 821) were selected from different educational levels and fields of study from among 12 public universities. Data were collected by a modified and developed version of Kenyon's scale (1968), which measures the attitudes of people toward physical activity. For the analysis of the data, independent sample t-test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were employed (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the attitudes of the respondents can be identified as fitness (3.96 ± 1.02), catharsis (3.84 ± 0.80), social (3.82 ± 1.10), aesthetic (3.03 ± 1.14), vertigo (2.15 ± 1.16), and ascetic (2.07 ± 0.79). Furthermore, it was found that various demographic and social characteristics affected participants' attitudes toward sport and exercise (p < 0.05). Based on the results, it was concluded that the sport programs should be organized around students' dominant attitudes toward regular activities. In addition, planning and organizing sport programs with regard to the wide attitudinal differences between male and female students could be a big step toward improving students' participation rate in sporting activities at Iranian universities.

12

Touch In Professional Practice – View Of Physiotherapists

63%

Dadura E., Wójcik A., Gajewski J.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2013

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vol. 27

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issue 2

9-15

EN

Background: Touch is playing an important role in human’s life. Thanks to it, people can discover the world around them, communicate emotions and create strong bonds. Touch is significant part of every human relationship and especially the relationship between physiotherapist- patient, because the touch is the basic tool of a physiotherapist’s daily life. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate how the physiotherapists perceive the touch and if they know and follow right recommendations of touch. Material and methods: 80 therapists took part in the study (39 female, 41 male). Average age 30, 36 years (SD 6, 62) and average work experience 6, 62 years (SD 5, 05). They were asked to complete a questionnaire (28 questions) pertaining three aspects of the touch: physiotherapist’s attitude towards touch, psychological aspects of touch and circumstances assuring a comfort of touching. Results: According to the answers physiotherapists treat touch mainly as a technical tool of gathering information and treating. They are aware of influence of the touch on a patient’s psyche and body, it is working in both directions; physiotherapist <=> patient. The majority neither feels nor have any emotions while touching a patient. The respondents made sure that they follow the recommendations of right touch: respecting patients’ rights to autonomy, privacy, information and therapists cared enough about comfort and safeness of their patients. Conclusions: The respondents use the touching as a technical tool while they neglect its psychosocial side. They know and they follow the recommendations of touch in correct way.

13

Lęk i jakość życia jako determinanty poczucia beznadziejności u młodzieży

51%

Kulik A., Sądel E.

Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna

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2013

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vol. 13

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issue 2

83-91

EN

The sense of hopelessness is a common experience among adolescents. Hopelessness was defined as an important element characteristic of depression. The study was aimed at answering the question why adolescents aged 16–18 years experience the sense of hopelessness. The relationships between the quality of life, anxiety and hopelessness were examined. The research was conducted on the group of 307 students aged 16–18 years. Three methods were applied: Quality of Life Questionnaire (QOLQ) by R.L. Schalock and K.D. Keith in Polish adaptation of M. Oleś, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by C.D. Spielberger, J. Strelau, M. Tysarczyk and K. Wrześniewski as well as the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) by A.T. Beck in Polish adaptation made by P. Oleś and A. Juros. The research proved that in the group of adolescents 50.8% do not experience hopelessness, 31.3% are characterized by a mild sense of hopelessness, 10.7% – a moderate sense of hopelessness and 7.2% – a deep sense of hopelessness. According to the analyses, the sense of hopelessness is determined by the quality of life as well as the level of anxiety. The obtained results also indicated that the sense of hopelessness is explained in 39% among boys and 30% among girls by the established factors. In the group of girls the most significant in contributing to the sense of hopelessness was the lack of satisfaction from the situation (24.9%) and anxiety (5.2%), whereas in the group of boys it was fearfulness (32.6%), lack of satisfaction from success (3.4%) and interpersonal relationships (2.7%). In the interviewed sample, age and dwelling place do not determine the sense of hopelessness.

PL

Poczucie beznadziejności jest częstym doświadczeniem dorastającej młodzieży. Beznadziejność została określona jako istotny element charakteryzujący depresję, który wynika z określonego sposobu percepcji. Celem badania było uzyskanie odpowiedzi na pytanie, dlaczego młodzież w wieku 16–18 lat doświadcza poczucia beznadziejności. Zbadano związki pomiędzy jakością życia, lękiem a poczuciem beznadziejności. Badanie przeprowadzono na grupie 307 uczniów w wieku 16–18 lat. Zastosowano trzy metody: Kwestionariusz Poczucia Jakości Życia, wersja dla dzieci i młodzieży (Quality of Life Questionnaire, QOLQ), autorstwa R.L. Schalocka i K.D. Keitha w adaptacji M. Oleś, Inwentarz Stanu i Cechy Lęku (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI) C.D. Spielbergera, którego adaptacji dokonali J. Strelau, M. Tysarczyk i K. Wrześniewski, oraz Skalę Poczucia Beznadziejności Becka (Beck Hopelessness Scale, BHS) A.T. Becka w autoryzowanym przekładzie P. Olesia i A. Jurosa. Wykazano, że 50,8% spośród badanych osób nie doświadcza poczucia beznadziejności, 31,3% charakteryzuje się łagodnym poczuciem beznadziejności, 10,7% umiarkowanym poczuciem beznadziejności i 7,2% głębokim poczuciem beznadziejności. Analizy pozwalają wnioskować, że poczucie beznadziejności jest warunkowane zarówno przez jakość życia, jak i przez poziom lęku. Uzyskane wyniki analiz wykazały, że poczucie beznadziejności jest wyjaśniane w około 39% u chłopców i 30% u dziewcząt przyjętym układem czynników. W grupie dziewcząt największe znaczenie w warunkowaniu poczucia beznadziejności ma brak ogólnego zadowolenia z sytuacji (24,9%) oraz w dalszej kolejności lęk (5,2%), zaś u chłopców – nasilenie lękliwości (32,6%), brak zadowolenia z sukcesów (3,4%) czy relacji interpersonalnych (2,7%). Wiek ani miejsce zamieszkania nie determinują poczucia beznadziejności.

14

Zaburzenie integracji sensorycznej jako problem zbyt rzadko zauważany przez specjalistów – na przykładzie 4,5-letniego dziecka

51%

Drabarek D., Kloze A., Szydłowska-Grajcar M.

Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna

|

2010

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vol. 6

|

issue 3

236-240

EN

Orderly and harmonious development of psychomotor child is the result of physiological maturation of the central nervous system and sensory organs, and their mutual stimulation and integration. As a result, the child is properly developed in small and large motor skills and verbal communication, it can make social relationships, achieve emotional stability and ability to focus attention and learning. The aim of the study is to draw attention and raise awareness among representatives of different professions focused on a child, of problems caused by the processes of sensory integration dysfunction. There was also presented the concept of development sequencing explaining the development and maturation of these processes. According to Ayres, the method creator, stages of development are closely interlinked forming a logical sequence. Without a proper, full development of the early stage, development in further stages will be disturbed. The work includes a case study of a child who was admitted to the clinic due to walking on toes. Child’s behaviour prompted the therapist to conduct a study of sensory integration processes. There were described results of clinical observation and South California Sensory Integration Tests. There were presented difficulties and problems that are consequences of disturbed functions. The study also presents examples of sensory symptoms of disintegration, which after observing should make the doctor, teacher and parents to suggest a child visiting a sensory integration therapist in order to conduct research and start appropriate stimulus treatment.

PL

Prawidłowy i harmonijny rozwój psychoruchowy dziecka jest wynikiem fizjologicznego dojrzewania centralnego układu nerwowego i narządów zmysłów oraz ich wzajemnej stymulacji i integracji. W rezultacie dziecko dysponuje odpowiednio rozwiniętą sprawnością w zakresie motoryki małej i dużej oraz komunikacji werbalnej, potrafi nawiązywać więzi społeczne, osiąga stabilność emocjonalną oraz zdolność koncentracji uwagi i uczenia się. Celem pracy jest zwrócenie uwagi na problemy spowodowane zaburzeniem procesów integracji sensorycznej i uwrażliwienie na nie przedstawicieli różnych zawodów, w których centrum zainteresowania znajduje się dziecko. Przedstawiono w niej koncepcję sekwencyjności rozwoju tłumaczącą przebieg i dojrzewanie przywołanych wyżej procesów. Według Ayres, twórczyni tej metody, stadia rozwoju są ze sobą ściśle powiązane, tworząc logiczną sekwencję. Bez prawidłowego pełnego rozwoju wcześniejszego etapu rozwój na kolejnych będzie zaburzony. Praca zawiera studium przypadku dziecka, które trafiło do poradni rehabilitacji z powodu chodu na palcach. Zachowanie dziecka skłoniło terapeutę do zbadania jego procesów integracji sensorycznej. Opisano wyniki obserwacji klinicznej oraz Południowokalifornijskich Testów Integracji Sensorycznej. Przedstawiono trudności oraz problemy będące skutkami zaburzonych funkcji. Praca prezentuje również przykłady objawów dezintegracji sensorycznej, które po zaobserwowaniu powinny skłonić lekarza, pedagoga i rodziców do zaproponowania dziecku wizyty u terapeuty integracji sensorycznej w celu przeprowadzenia badania i podjęcia właściwej terapii bodźcowej.

Refine search results

Perceptual microgenesis – what are its real-time characteristics?

Design and Validation of a Tool to Collect Student-Athletes' Perception of Their Satisfaction

Information Processes, Stimulation and Perceptual Training in Fencing

Does work stress affect neurocognitive functions? Case of Moroccan workers

A qualitative research on perception and experience of students regarding practice of cervical cancer screening: a case study of Nigerian Students

Transverse study of the perception and uses of honey as a complementary and alternative medicine in Ibadan, Nigeria

Piotr Francuz (1960–2020) – pro memoria

A Perceptionist’s View on Psychoacoustics

Analysis of Social Conflicts in Poland’s Soundscape as a Challenge to Socio-Acoustics

QUANTITATIVE STUDY EVALUATING PERCEPTION OF GENERAL PUBLIC TOWARDS ROLE OF PHARMACIST IN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN

Attitudes of Iranian Male University Students Toward Sport and Exercise with Reference to Age, Educational Level, and Field of Study

Touch In Professional Practice – View Of Physiotherapists

Lęk i jakość życia jako determinanty poczucia beznadziejności u młodzieży

Zaburzenie integracji sensorycznej jako problem zbyt rzadko zauważany przez specjalistów – na przykładzie 4,5-letniego dziecka