Search results - PSJD

1

Features of the course of acute pancreatitis in patients with obesity

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Kebkalo A., Tkachuk O., Reyti A.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2019

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vol. 91(6)

28-34

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate the course of acute pancreatitis in obese patients, the development of local and systemic complications and mortality rates. Materials and methods: We took and analyzed 482 histories of acute pancreatitis treated at Kyiv Regional Clinical Hospital from January 1, 2011 to February 2, 2019. The data were statistically processed in the Excel 2010 program using a descriptive method applying relative, absolute numbers, mean square deviations and their errors. A correlation between variables was studied using the Pearson’s test (R2). The significance of the difference between the two independent groups was tested with Student’s t-test. Results: We included 482 patients in our study, i.e. 260 patients (54%) with obesity (the study group), and for comparison, 222 (46%) patients with normal body mass, constituting a control group. Obese patients had a higher mean age (55.4 ± 9.4 years, P = 0.01); also, they showed a statistically higher incidence of severe course of acute pancreatitis [85 (32.7%) vs. 16 (7.2%); P = 0.01*]. We noted an increase in the rate of acute pancreatitis with severe course in obese patients with mass gain (from 10.20% to 53.93%, P = 0.03*). Hospitalization time of obese patients was longer than in case of patients with normal body mass. In addition, we observed a two-fold longer hospitalization of obese patients at intensive care units (5.8 ± 0.8 vs. 2.7 ± 0.5 days, P = 0.01*). When investigating the mortality rate, we found out that the main cause of death was the progression of organ failure – 30 cases (6.3%), pulmonary embolism (TB) – 15 (3.1%) and DIC – 18 (3.7%). C onclusions: The presence of obesity in patients involves a high risk of severe acute pancreatitis. This risk increases with body mass increase. In addition, in obese patients the hospitalization and in-patient care takes longer, which increases the total cost of treatment and requires a cost-effective algorithm in the future. A high mortality rate in obese patients requires an improved treatment algorithm.

2

The prevalence of obesity diagnosed by diferent diagnostic criteria in Polish social-media users

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Samek G., Szulc A., Dardzińska J. A.

European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine

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2023

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vol. 6

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issue 1

25-30

XX

Background: In 2020, Polish experts recommended the use of the guidelines of the American Association of Clini cal Endocrinologist and the American College of Endocrinology (AACE/ACE) in the diagnosis of obesity instead of the 1998 WHO criteria. Thus, obesity can be also diagnosed in patients with BMI 25.0-29.9 if there are complicaitons related to the excess body weight including infertility and hypogonadism, asthma, sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux disease, stress urinary incontinence, osteoarthritis and depression. Material and methods: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of obesity diagnosed according to the new criteria in the group of Polish social media users. Results: Among the respondents, 9.7% had a BMI below 18.5 kg/m2, 63.9% declared normal BMI, and 18.8% had BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. The value of BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, equivalent to the diagnosis of obesity according to WHO, was found in 7.6% of the respondents. For comparison, the prevalence of obesity according to the AACE/ACE criteria was more than twice as high (17.2%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Concluding, according to the new criteria, more respondents were diagnosed with obesity compared to WHO criteria. The results of the study indicate that the application of the new diagnostic criteria may enable earlier diagnosis and thus earlier treatment of obesity. Samek G, Szulc A, Dardzińska JA. The prevalence of obesity diagnosed by diefrent diagnostic criteria in Polish social-media users. Eur J Transl Clin Med. 2023;6(1):25-30.

3

FUNCTIONAL FOOD IN PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND OBESITY

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Papierska K., Ignatowicz E.

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research

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2019

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vol. 76

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issue 6

945-958

EN

The term “functional food” refers to modified food products that claim to provide an additional function besides basic nutrition needs. The consumption of functional food is known to exert a positive impact on health and to prevent the occurrence of pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, some types of cancer, and obesity. Functional food products should resemble conventional food in terms of appearance and taste. The goal is usually achieved by adding active ingredients to the traditional food products (e.g., phytosterols/stanols are added to margarine, dairy, and cereal products), removing or limiting the concentration of potentially harmful agents, or by agricultural and genetic modifications of already existing edible plants and animals (e.g., feeding hens on algae or fish in order to obtain n-3 PUFAs-enriched eggs, and inducing genetic and/or nutritional changes during animal production to obtain meat with lower cholesterol levels). Well-designed intervention trials are scarce in this field, and more effort should be directed toward conclusively proving the role of functional food in disease prevention and health improvement among the population. These associated benefits and the advances in food processing industry should stimulate the development of products that would match the requirements of a healthy diet, simultaneously reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The aim of the present review was to present the examples of functional foods that are essential for the prevention of obesity and cardiovascular disease, and thereby report on their putative mechanisms of action, health-promoting effects, and limitations by conducting various intervention studies.

4

Experience of patients suffering from obesity in their contact with nurses

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Leoniuk K., Sobczak K.

Long-Term Care Nursing

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2020

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vol. 5

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issue 3

219-228

EN

Aim An increase in the number of obesity cases is a complex challenge for the local health care systems and the specialists who work there. Nurse's tasks understood as preparing a patient for starting his or her treatment and providing support during therapy require developing proper competences which take into account the needs of patients. Material and methods In the national study, we have asked 621 patients with obesity (BMI>30) about their experience and expectations in their relations with the employees of medical institutions. The study was conducted with the use of the CAWI method, based on an original, self-prepared survey questionnaire. Results 70 per cent of the patients who have responded to our survey declared they were ready to begin obesity treatment. Only 19 per cent of them had spoken to a nurse or a midwife about obesity but as many as 51 per cent reported inappropriate behaviour on their part. Conclusions Most of the participants of our study have declared their will to start obesity treatment. However, due to previous failures to reduce body mass, they require a proper support from medical staff. Nurses should initiate dialogue concerning a patient's obesity, focus on providing information concerning various diagnostic or therapeutic methods. The training in communication with a patient who suffers from obesity should include anti-discrimination education.

5

Comparison between bioelectrical impedance analysis and anthropometric indices in hypertensive patients

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Krzesiński P., Rozbicki P., Pałkowska-Goździk E., Banak M.

Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna

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2018

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vol. 14

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issue 3

301-305

EN

Aim: Obesity is one of the most crucial challenges of contemporary medicine. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is a useful tool to identify individuals with increased fat mass. However, the equipment is relatively expensive, especially compared to basic anthropometric methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relations between anthropometric indices and bioelectrical impedance analysis in patients with uncomplicated arterial hypertension. Material and methods: In 137 hypertensives the correlations between fat mass (absolute, FM; relative, %FM) and anthropometric parameters (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference, WC; waist-to-hip ratio, WHR; waist-to-height ratio, WHtR; body adiposity index, BAI; visceral adiposity index, VAI) were analysed. Results: Classic anthropometrics correlated well with bioimpedance indices of adipose tissue content: %FM vs. BAI (R = 0.77), WHtR (R = −0.54), BMI (R = 0.52), WC (R = 0.29); FM vs. BMI (R = 0.82), WC (R = 0.66), BAI (R = 0.58), VAI (R = 0.26), WHtR (R = 0.23), WHR (R = 0.19). In females BMI, WC and BAI showed the strongest correlations with adiposity. In males they were WHtR and WC. Conclusions: Some anthropometric measurements show good agreement with bioelectrical impedance analysis and can be considered a valid surrogate for body composition assessment in the case of its inaccessibility. In hypertensive women WC and BMI seem to be the most precise in the assessment of %FM, while in men WHtR and WC are more useful.

PL

Cel: Otyłość należy do głównych wyzwań współczesnej medycyny. Analiza bioimpedancyjna stanowi użyteczne narzędzie identyfikacji osób ze zwiększoną masą tkanki tłuszczowej. Niestety, sprzęt do analizy bioimpedancyjnej jest dość kosztowny, zwłaszcza w porównaniu z podstawowymi metodami antropometrycznymi. Celem pracy była ocena związku pomiędzy pomiarami antropometrycznymi a analizą bioimpedancyjną u pacjentów z niepowikłanym nadciśnieniem tętniczym. Materiał i metody: U 137 osób z nadciśnieniem tętniczym oceniono korelacje między ilością tkanki tłuszczowej (bezwzględnej, fat mass, FM; względnej, %FM) a parametrami antropometrycznymi (wskaźnik masy ciała, body mass index, BMI; obwód talii, waist circumference, WC; wskaźnik talia–biodra, waist-to-hip ratio, WHR; wskaźnik talia–wzrost, waistto-height ratio, WHtR; wskaźnik otłuszczenia ciała, body adiposity index, BAI; wskaźnik wisceralnej – trzewnej tkanki tłuszczowej, visceral adiposity index, VAI). Wyniki: Klasyczne pomiary antropometryczne korelowały z bioimpedancyjnymi wskaźnikami zawartości tkanki tłuszczowej: %FM vs BAI (R = 0,77), WHtR (R = −0,54), BMI (R = 0,52), WC (R = 0,29); FM vs BMI (R = 0,82), WC (R = 0,66), BAI (R = 0,58), VAI (R = 0,26), WHtR (R = 0,23), WHR (R = 0,19). U kobiet najsilniejszy związek z ilością tkanki tłuszczowej wykazywały BMI, WC i BAI, zaś u mężczyzn – WHtR i WC. Wnioski: Niektóre pomiary antropometryczne wykazują wysoką zgodność z analizą bioimpedancyjną i mogą być brane pod uwagę jako zastępcze wskaźniki oceny składu ciała w przypadku braku możliwości jej zastosowania. U kobiet z nadciśnieniem tętniczym najbardziej precyzyjne w ocenie %FM okazują się WC i BMI, podczas gdy u mężczyzn są to WHtR i WC.

6

Validity and efficacy of diets used for preoperative weight reduction among patients qualified for bariatric surgery

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Jastrzębska W., Boniecka I., Szostak-Węgierek D.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2021

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vol. 93

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issue 2

53-58

EN

Introduction. Bariatric surgery is the most effective method of weight reduction among patients suffering from morbid obesity. Reduction of body weight before surgery is an important element. The aim of the study was to present the current knowledge on preoperative weight reduction and diet for this purpose. Material and methods. To achieve the aims of the paper, articles available in the PubMed / MEDLINE database published in 2005-2020 were used, as well as the guidelines of societies such as Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Chapter of the Association of Polish Surgeons, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, The Obesity Society and American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, International Federation for Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders-European Chapter and European Association for the Study of Obesity. Results. Studies show that even a modest reduction in weight in the early preoperative period facilitates surgery and reduces the number of complications. The available data do not support the effect of preoperative weight loss on increased postoperative weight loss. The use of balanced, energy-restricted diet in the preoperative period prepares the patient for changes in the way of nutrition, which improves the nutritional status of patient. Low calorie (LCD) or very low calorie (VLCD) diet can be an effective method of weight loss before surgery, however, this approach does not allow to modify eating habits. The use of a very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) remains under discussion. Conclusions. There is a need for large randomized trials to assess short and long term benefits of preoperative weight loss and methods of weight loss among patients qualified for bariatric surgery, also the standardization of nutritional management in the preoperative period.

7

Obese and female adolescents skip breakfast more than their non-obese and male peers

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Rashidi A., Mohammadpour-Ahranjani B., Karandish M., Vafa M.-R., Hajifaraji M., Ansari F., Sadeghi S., Maddah M., Kalantari N., Akhavi-Rad M.-B.

Open Medicine

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2007

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vol. 2

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issue 4

481-487

EN

We examined the association between overweight/gender and skipping breakfast among adolescent students in Tehran city using a cross-sectional study and a multistage random sampling method. All educational zones in Tehran city were covered during the educational year of 2000–01. In total, 2321 students aged 11–16 years (1068 male; 1263 female) participated in the study. Weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) was calculated. Overweight, pre-obesity and obesity were defined as BMI ≥ 85th, 85th to 95th, and ≥ 95th percentile of age-sex-specific BMI reference values, respectively. Self-reported frequency of breakfast consumption was categorized as usual/always, often, and rarely/never (5–7, 2–4 and 0–1 times/wk, respectively). Student’s t and Chi-square tests were employed to analyze the data. Statistical inferences were made at α = 0.05. In boys and girls, the mean ± standard deviation of BMI was 19.8 ± 4.0 and 20.6 ± 4.1 kg/m2, the 18.8% and 23.1% were overweight, and 7.3% and 8.3% were obese, respectively. There was a significant difference in the frequency of breakfast consumption between obese and normal male students (P < 0.001). Differences between pre-obese and normal, and obese and normal female students were also significant (P < 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). A significant difference was found in the frequency of breakfast consumption between male and female adolescents in all three categories (P < 0.001). These results suggest that obese and female adolescents are more likely to skip breakfast than their normal and male peers and are therefore at higher risk for growth deficits and low educational performance. Preventive/educational programs are urgently needed in this age group.

8

Obesity in work-up of kidney transplant candidates – review of clinical practice guidelines

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Dobrzycka M., Spychalski P., Łącka M., Proczko-Stepaniak M., Dębska-Ślizień A., Kaska Ł., Kobiela J.

European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine

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2020

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vol. 3

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issue 2

72-79

EN

Background: Incidence of morbid obesity is rising worldwide. Current clinical practice guidelines for the pre-transplant evaluation of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients lack clear recommendations on morbid obesity. Material and methods: The aim of this review was to summarize the current guidelines on the role and treatment of obesity in kidney transplant recipients. Eight current national and international clinical practice guidelines were identified in a comprehensive literature search. Results: All guidelines underline early detection of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities in ESKD patients. Only two guidelines explored the role of weight-loss surgery, however due to the lack of sufficient evidence no formal recommendation of surgical procedure was given. Conclusions: Diagnosis and treatment of obesity remains underappreciated in the current guidelines, most of which do not include pharmacological and surgical interventions. High-quality evidence is warranted to assess the role of weight-loss including surgery in ESKD patients and to update the recommendations in future guidelines.

9

Effects of dietary fiber preparations made from maize starch on the growth and activity of selected bacteria from the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria phyla in fecal samples from obese children

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Barczynska R., Slizewska K., Litwin M., Szalecki M., Kapusniak J.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2016

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vol. 63

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issue 2

261-266

EN

Currently, there is a search for substances that would be very well tolerated by an organism and which could contribute to the activation of the growth of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria strains, with simultaneous inhibition of the growth of Firmicutes. High expectations in this regard are raised with the use of fiber preparations from starch - resistant corn dextrins, branched dextrins, resistant maltodextrins and soluble corn fiber. In this paper, the influence of fiber preparations made from corn starch was evaluated on growth and activity of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes strains isolated from obese children. It was demonstrated that in the stool of obese children Firmicutes strains predominate, while Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria strains were in the minority. A supplementation of fecal culture with fiber preparations did not cause any significant changes in the number of strains of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Addition of fiber preparations to the fecal samples of obese children increased the amount of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic (p < 0.01), propionic, butyric (p = 0.05) and lactic acid (p < 0.01).

10

Human Serum Paraoxonase Activity Decreases After Vertical Banded Gastroplasty*

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Goyke B., Goyke E., Śledziński T., Adrych K., Raczyńska S., Śledziński Z., Świerczyński J.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2007

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vol. 79

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issue 6

436-444

EN

The aim of the study. Investigation of the effect of vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), which is an effective method of treating patients with morbid obesity on serum paraoxonase (PON) activity.Material and methods. Serum PON activity was measured in twenty eight morbidly obese patients 6 and 12 months after surgery. PON activity was also measured in the serum and liver of rats maintained on a restricted diet for one month.Results. We found that VBG-induced significant reduction in body weight and serum PON activity at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Similar patterns of decreases in serum paraoxonase activity in obese patients after VBG were observed in A, AB and B paraoxonase/esterase phenotypes. After VBG, several clinically relevant events occurred: a) a decrease of serum triacylglycerol concentration was observed; b) no significant changes in total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were found; c) serum HDL-cholesterol concentration increased slightly.Paraoxonase activity in the serum of rats maintained on a restricted diet, which induced approximately 30% and 50% of rat body weight and fat mass loss, respectively, was lower than in control animals.Conclusions. This study indicates that after VBG significant decreases in serum paraoxonase activity occur in obese subjects. It is likely that less food ingestion and possibly a different type of food consumed by the obese subjects after VBG (compared to type of food consumed before surgery) may contribute to decreases in serum PON activity.

11

Association between depression, parameters of adiposity and genetic polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-6 in subjects over 55 years old

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Adler G., Skonieczna-Żydecka K., Madlani A., Ogonowski J., Grochans E., Pierzak-Sominka J., Brodowski J., Karakiewicz B.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2016

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vol. 63

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issue 2

253-259

EN

Background. During the last few decades, adiposity has become a relatively common phenomenon worldwide. The available data on the effects of pro-inflammatory factors in both depression and adiposity has been attracting great attention. Aim. We sought to assess the prevalence of -889C>T IL-1α, -31T>C and -511C>T IL-1β, -330T>G IL-2 and -174G>C IL-6 genes and their association with adiposity and depression in Polish subjects. Methods. A cohort study was conducted in 2013/2014, covering a sample of 297 individuals (217 female and 80 male). Anthropometric data was handled using the BIA analysis method, while for genotyping PCR-RFLP techniques were used. Results. A positive correlation between depression and anthropometric parameters: adipose tissue (in kg) and adipose tissue (in %) (R=0.135 and p=0.02, R=0.114 and p<0.05, respectively) was found. No association between studied polymorphisms and depression was observed. Conclusion. Although it was not possible to demonstrate any influence of the studied polymorphisms as the genetic modulator of depression, authors believe that the presented data are noticeable and may provide the basis for future studies on larger groups.

12

Obesity in 18-25-year-olds in relation to their physical activity, and lifestyle

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Gabrys T., Nowak Z., Michalski C., Szmatlan -Gabrys U., Stanula A.

Physical Activity Review

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2018

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vol. 6

64-72

EN

The quality of life is a multidimensional notion. When studying it, one should take the physical, the psychological, the social, and the professional aspects into consid eration. Among them, the notion of the influence of obesity, understood as a modern -age disease, relates the quality of life to the notion of health, in the aspect of physical activity. The aim of the study carried out, was to determine the relationship be tween obesity in 18 -25 year - olds, and their physical activity, as well as the quality of their lives. The study was carried out by means a WHOQOL - BREF, and IPAQ survey questionnaires carried out on a group of 100 participants. The control group included pe ople whose BMI was within the norm, whereas the study group comprised people whose BMI was over 25. The results of the study have shown obesity to have a statistically significant negative impact on the quality of life in the physical, and mental domains, and as far as the general perception of health was concerned. In the study group, the mean weekly energy expenditure, was lower than in the control group. The physical activity of the obese, includes, mainly, activities based on light effort, and to a less er extent, those based on moderate effort. A comparative analysis has shown the level of physical activity to be significantly lower in obese women, in each type of physical effort, except light effort. This difference does not exist between the study, and control groups of men.

13

Foreign Body Impaction Within the Pseudopylorus after Mason's Vertical Bariatric Gastroplasty - A Case Report

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Szczęsny W., Dąbrowiecki S., Szmytkowski J., Reśliński A.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2010

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vol. 82

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issue 11

631-633

EN

A rare case of solid foreign body impaction within the pseudopylorus created during Mason's bariatric vertical banded gastroplasty is discussed in the report. The patient was referred to the authors' center with symptoms of high gastrointestinal obstruction, which had appeared 48 hours prior to admission. The situation was resolved by endoscopic removal of the impacting foreign body with the use of Dormia basket. Anastomoses and strictures resulting from bariatric procedures are a frequent location of food bolus obstructions and bezoars. It is therefore important to perform a diagnostic gastroscopy prior to performing a bariatric procedure in order to check for preexisting conditions, including malignant tumors.

14

Obesity - causes and remedies

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Bunc V.

Physical Activity Review

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2016

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vol. 4

50-56

EN

Obesity is blamed for over 2.8 million annual deaths all over the world with increasing prevalence of related comorbidities, including metabolic (e.g. diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension) and non-metabolic disorders (e.g. cancer, stroke, depression, polycystic ovary syndrome, fat liver disease, glomerulopathy, bone fragility etc.) The aim of the study was to describe the causes and remedies of obesity. There are two primary causes for the increase in obesity: lack of an active lifestyle and poor nutrition. Fortunately, inactivity and poor nutrition are causes that can be altered through intervention. The PA based on walking in duration of 5 months were used in subjects with BMI>30kg.m-1. The PA was controlled in 192 middle age women, 67 men of the same age, and 58 women seniors with help the pedometer Omron HJ720IT and energy content was controlled by Caltrac, and by relationship between speed of walking and VO2. VO2peak was improved from 13.2±2.1% in women to 15.1±2.4% in men, and by 13.0±2.7% in senior women. Similarly was altered the motor performance – maximal speed of walking on the treadmill about 11.3±2.6% in women and16.2±3.1% in men, and by 10.8±2.6% in senior women. %BF was decreased by 7.2±1.9% in women and by 6.5±2.0% in men, and by 6.7±2.4% in senior women. Together with these variables were significantly improved the predispositions for physical and workload evaluated by ECM/BCM coefficient (6.8±2.5% in women, 7.9±3.1% in men, and 8.5±3.0% in senior women). We may concluded that walking with the mean energy content of 1500kcal.week-1 (9430 ± 840steps.day-1)in females and men of middle age, and energy content about 1000 kcal.week-1 (6930 ± 610steps.day-1) in senior women is able to significantly reduce the overweight and/or obesity and an improve actual fitness state in subjects without regular movement regime. Therefore, the chance of success in reducing the effects of hypokinesia have only those PA, which are cheap, safe, well manageable and easily available for sale in the times and conditions, complying with the intervened individuals.

15

Cide-AGene Expression in Patients with Obesity Qualified for Endovascular Treatment of Abdominal Aorta Aneurysm

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Feldo M., Kocki J., Feldo J., Łukasik S., Bogucki J., Skwarzyński A., Wroński J., Kęsik J., Zubilewicz T.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2015

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vol. 86

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issue 10

473-478

EN

CIDE-A gene and the genes of LRP group play a key role in the regulation of the body weight and lipid metabolism in mammals. CIDE-A is defined as a potential human obesity gene and the LRP1 gene is associated with the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The aim of the study was to define the role of CIDE-A gene in patients with dyslipidemia and asymptomatic AAA. Material and methods. The study group consisted of 38 subjects, including 27 men and 11 women qualified for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). The subjects with abdominal aortic aneurysm were enrolled in the study group, depending on the body mass index (BMI); in obese patients (BMI > 30). The control group (n = 16) included subjects without lipid disorders. One-step isolation of RNA from lymphocytes and adipose tissue cells was performed using the modified TRI method by Chomc-zynski and Sacchi, and then the gene expression was tested by real-time PCR. Results. The highest mean relative of the gene expression for CIDE-A was reported in subjects with the normal body weight. The lowest mean relative of the gene expression for CIDE-A was observed in the group of obese patients with aortic aneurysm and lipid disorders. A high negative correlation (r = -0.7101) in the gene expression for CIDE-A was observed in the group of obese patients with aortic aneurysm, depending on the BMI. Conclusions. Due to the important role of the CIDE-A gene and Cide-A protein in the development of metabolic syndrome, obesity and the accompanying vascular lesions such as abdominal aortic an-eurysm, seen in this context, the tested gene and protein Cide-A represent a potential therapeutic target in these diseases.

16

Evaluation of Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) among Healthy and Obese Health Professionals in Central India

80%

Singh A., Purohit B.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2011

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vol. 3

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issue 1

34-43

EN

Background: To assess physical activity using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) among healthy, overweight and obese Indian health professionals.Material/Methods: The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to assess physical activity among 324 dental health care professionals (third-year students, final-year students, interns, and faculty). Metabolic Equivalents (MET) were used to express the intensity of physical activities, and are also used for the analysis of GPAQ data. The analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean physical activity scores among dental health care professionals. The Chi Square test was used to compare categorical risk indicators and obesity (BMI). Kendall's test was used to compute the correlation between physical activity categorical indicator (CI), obesity and sedentary behaviour. The logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the importance of the factors associated with obesity. Odds ratio was calculated for all variables with 95% confidence intervals.Results: Total physical activity measured in mean MET minutes per week was 625.6, 786.3, 296.5, and 296.5 for third-year students, final-year students, interns, and faculty respectively (p ≤ 0.05). Total energy expenditure of 0 MET minutes per week was calculated as 32.2%, 10.3%, 17.9% and 44.9% of third-year students, final-year students, interns, and faculty, respectively. Of the 211 health care professionals in high risk group 28.9% were in the third year, 19.9% in the final year, 20.4% were interns and 30.8% were faculty members. Obesity was calculated in 22.4% third-year students, 16.3% final-year students, 20.4% interns and 40.8% of faculty members. Overweight problems were seen in 19.7%, 24.7%, 24.7% and 30.8% of third-year students, final-year students, interns, and faculty members respectively (p ≤ 0.001).Conclusions: A significant correlation was seen between physical activity categorical indicator and BMI. A significant negative correlation was noted between physical activity categorical indicator and sedentary behaviour. A significant correlation was also noted between BMI and sedentary behavior. Physical activity is a positive health behavior with so much potential to improve public health and so few risks that it deserves to be central to any future public health strategy.

17

Surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis in obese patients

80%

Kebkalo A., Tkachuk O., Reyti A., Chanturidze A., Pashunskyi Y.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2020

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vol. 92(5)

37-42

EN

Introduction: In today’s technological climate, science and medicine have entered a new era. At the level of technological progress, we have identified millennia of “new” problems and diseases. If earlier diseases had a certain individuality then, in the third millennium, we face compliance and synergistic influence of diseases. Obesity is a problem of the third millennium. It is known that obesity is the main factor in the development of various chronic diseases [1–3]. With excess weight and obesity, bile is oversaturated with cholesterol, resulting in an increase of its lipogenicity index. As a result, frequency of gallstone disease increases; findings from this study document an increase of disease frequency as high as 50% to 60% [4]. In 20% of patients, housing concerns are combined with obesity [5]. Thus, obesity is one of the factors in the development of cholelithiasis and cholecystitis [6]. The presence of acute cholecystitis represents the most difficult situation for patients with gallstones. When obesity is also present, the patient’s risk of surgical complications increases due to altered homeostasis and reduced reserve capacity [7]. A retrospective study of this issue [8] posed a number of questions about the possibility of influencing the course of disease in the preoperative period as well as the improvement and impact of surgical technicalities in patients with acute cholecystitis and obesity. Addressing these and additional questions is the main goal of this study. Aim: The aim of the study was to study and select the optimal method of surgery in patients with acute cholecystitis and obesity. Materials and methods: In our study, a prospective analysis was used. We analyzed 67 cases with diagnosis of acute cholecystitis and obesity; all were treated at Kyiv Regional Clinical Hospital in the period from September 2018 to March 2020. Patients with acute cholecystitis and obesity received either traditional or modified laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: Retrospective analysis indicates traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy is technically difficult and costly in patients with acute cholecystitis and obesity. A modified laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been proposed to improve and enhance surgery in patients with acute cholecystitis and obesity. Surgical duration was shortened by 9.01 ± 0.41 minutes (p = 0.001; αα= 0.05) when a modified laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. Conclusions: Performing a modified laparoscopic cholecystectomy reduced the duration of surgery by 9.01 ± 0.41 minutes (p = 0.001; α = 0.05), prevents development of metabolic acidosis pH 7.39 ± 0.03 vs 7.30 ± 0.005 = 0.001; αα= 0.05, pCO2 5.05 ± 0.36 vs 6.03 ± 0.38 (p = 0.02; αα= 0.05), reducing the risk of hypercoagulation. Modified laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LHE) is effective in II and III degrees of obesity (p = 0.001; α = 0.05).

18

The importance of laboratory tests and Body Mass Index in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis

80%

Ozkan A., Gokce A. H., Gokce F. S.

Polish Journal of Surgery

|

2020

|

vol. 92(6)

7-11

EN

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen. Delay in diagnosis increases the mortality and morbidity. Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the body mass index is useful in diagnosis and whether the neutrophil /lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratios can help in determining the inflammation level of acute appendicitis. Meterial and Methods: Cases of appendectomy performed between June 2012 and December 2018 in our clinic were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the pathology results of the cases included in the study, 4 groups were formed, i.e.: Group 1 (initial stage), Group 2 (catarrhal stage), Group 3 (phlegmonous-gangrenous stage) and Group 4 (perforation). The study compared age, body mass index, leukocyte values, red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet /lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV) between groups. Results: 828 cases were included in the study. When compared between groups, the values of Group 3 and Group 4 were higher than those of Group 1 and Group 2 for PLR and NLR. There was no difference in RDW and MPV values in the blood. When Body Mass Index (BMI) was compared between groups, it was found to be significantly higher with increasing histopathological stage. Conclusion: In acute appendicitis, the blood leukocyte value, elevated PLR and NLR are helpful in diagnosis. We aimed to emphasize that the diagnosis of acute appendicitis is delayed in patients with a BMI above 30 and/or at age of over 40 years, with the perforation rate being determined more frequently.

19

Zaburzenia nastroju u osób z otyłością

80%

Kędzierska J., Ponikowska I., Makowska-Ofiarska K., Adamczyk P., Adamczyk P., Ossowski R., Sobieralska-Michalak K.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

|

2013

|

vol. XVIII

|

issue 3

333-345

EN

Obesity is a growing public health concern in modern societies. This is a major health concern. It has been implicated as a risk factor for several physical illnesses, functional limitations and poor quality of life. However, while the physical consequences of obesity are well established, the relationship between obesity and mental health is still unclear. The question this study aimed to answer was whether the associations between obesity and mood disorders are occurring in the sanatorium patients population. The results found a significant association between obesity and mood disorders. It is still unclear whether the relationship between obesity and depression is causal, and if so, whether obesity causes depression or depression causes obesity. Implications for health care providers and suggestions for future research are discussed.

20

Influence of Obesity on Anastomotic Leakage After Anterior Rectal Resectionperformed Due to Cancer

80%

Piecuch J., Wiewióra M., Szrot M., Jopek J., Krzak A., Haza S., Sosada K.

Polish Journal of Surgery

|

2015

|

vol. 87

|

issue 3

124-128

EN

Anterior resection for rectal cancer carries the risk of serious complications, especially fistulas at the site of anastomosis. Numerous factors have been shown to impact anastomotic leakage. The results of studies on the influence of obesity on the frequency of anastomotic leakage after rectal resection performed due to cancer have been contradictory. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and frequency of anastomotic leakage after anterior rectal resection performed due to cancer. Material and methods. This retrospective analysis included 222 subsequent patients who had undergone anterior resection due to cancer with an anastomosis formed with a mechanical suture. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on their BMI quartile as follows: Group I, BMI < 23.8 kg/m2 (lower quartile); group II, BMI between 23.8 and 29.38 kg/m2 (middle quartile); and group III, BMI > 29.38 kg/m2 (upper quartile). Results. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 8 (3.6%) patients. Fistulas occurred in 4 out of 61 patients (6.56%) in group I, which was the highest incidence of fistulas for all 3 groups. In group II, fistulas occurred in 2 out of 55 patients (3.63%), and similarly, in group III, they occurred in 2 out of 106 patients (1.87%). The differences found in the frequency of fistulas between groups were not statistically significant (p=0.31). The logistic regression analysis did not show any relationship between leakage and age (p = 0.55; OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.95 - 1.1), sex (p = 0.97; OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.22 - 4.25) or BMI (p = 0.27; OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.22 - 1.53). Conclusions. The results of our study show that BMI did not have any influence on the frequency of anastomotic leakage after anterior rectal resection performed due to cancer.

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