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Monitoring and evaluation of muscle atrophy: a much needed step in critically ill COVID-19 patients

100%

Kumar A., Kumar A., Kumar N., Kumar A., Sinha C., Kumari P., Singh V.

Critical Care Innovations

2021

vol. 4

issue 1

30-43

INTRODUCTION: Elderly COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk of an inflammatory syndrome, hypercatabolic reaction, malnutrition, and physical immobilization. This may result in loss of muscle mass and pulmonary infection leading to prolonged ventilatory support. Factors responsible for muscle mass loss in ICU are (1) microcirculatory disturbances, (2) presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), (3) sepsis (4) drugs (corticoids, neuromuscular blockers) having inhibitory activity on the nervous system, neuromuscular junction and muscle itself. Mechanism of muscle atrophy in critically ill elderly patients include an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation. Interventions to manage muscle atrophy for the patients admitted to ICU is also extrapolated to mechanically ventilated COVID-ARDS patients. PURPOSE: Early recognition of factors contributing to intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW) in COVID-19 patients, inflammation, high catabolic phase, steroid use, and paralysis. The potential interventions to target these specific mechanisms and ameliorate muscle dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS:Intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW) in critically ill COVID-19 patients is due to severity of illness, co-morbidities, muscle unloading, or ICU treatments, a systemic reaction circulating within the body, or combinations therein. Furthermore, the availability of a culture model of ICUAW could facilitate in expediting the diagnosis of ICUAW and fast track the discovery of putative treatments. We recommend NIV or HFNC ventilation or early weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill COVID-19 elderly patients.

Differences in Maximum Upper and Lower Limb Strength in Older Adults After a 12 Week Intense Resistance Training Program

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Sousa N., Mendes R., Abrantes C., Sampaio J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2011

vol. 30

183-188

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in maximum strength after an intense strength training program, contrasting muscle groups from upper limbs versus lower limbs. The sample consisted of 10 healthy elderly males (age 73±6 years) with independent living. The training program lasted 12 weeks (3 × week, 50 to 80% of 1RM, 2-3 sets, 6 to 12 repetitions). Two muscle groups were analyzed: LOWER (sum of average values of three exercises for the lower limbs) and UPPER (sum of average values of four exercises for the upper limbs). Measurement of 1RM was performed at intervals of 4 weeks by direct methods. Repeated measures ANOVA identified significant differences in muscle groups (F=8.1, p=0.006), time (F=730.0 p=0.000) and also their interaction (F=4.4, p=0.014). The gains in 1RM values were higher for upper limbs. These results may suggest that the muscles of the lower limbs are elicited more frequently and therefore, have a smaller potential to gain strength at older age. The muscles of the upper limbs are in accelerated muscle atrophy and their trainability is probably higher.

Hyperglycemia induced C2C12 myoblast cell cycle arrest and skeletal muscle atrophy by modulating sirtuins gene expression in rats

86%

Surinlert P., Thitiphatphuvanon T., Khimmaktong W., Pholpramool C., Tipbunjong C., Surinlert P., Thitiphatphuvanon T., Khimmaktong W., Pholpramool C., Tipbunjong C.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2021

vol. 24

issue 4

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1 Critical Care Innovations

1 Journal of Human Kinetics

1 Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2 2021

1 2011

1 Abrantes C.

1 Khimmaktong W.

1 Kumar A.

1 Kumar N.

1 Kumari P.

1 Mendes R.

1 Pholpramool C.

1 Sampaio J.

1 Singh V.

1 Sinha C.

1 Sousa N.

1 Surinlert P.

1 Thitiphatphuvanon T.

1 Tipbunjong C.

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Monitoring and evaluation of muscle atrophy: a much needed step in critically ill COVID-19 patients

Differences in Maximum Upper and Lower Limb Strength in Older Adults After a 12 Week Intense Resistance Training Program

Hyperglycemia induced C2C12 myoblast cell cycle arrest and skeletal muscle atrophy by modulating sirtuins gene expression in rats