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Mobility of interacting inorganic nanoparticles

100%
EN
The mobility of the 110 nm-Fe2O3 particles in a viscous sucrose solution depends on the concentration of the nanoparticles. When the average particle–particle nearest neighbor distance is less than 250 nm, the particle interaction slows down their mobility. When is more than 170 nm, the small mobility of nanoparticles does not depend on their concentration. The critical distance is approximately equal to 2Rh = 260 nm, where Rh is the hydrodynamic radius, determined by the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method.
EN
The study was conducted in northern France at the sport management department at the University of Lille. It attempts to highlight the type of summer vacation of its students. Previous studies have shown the modalities of mobility (Urry, 2000; Seewer, 2004). Although models exist to explain destination choice, many of these have limitations, including the assumption of a rational consumer and a focus on the functional attributes of travel and tourism (Lewis, Kerr, & Pomering, 2010). However, few studies handle the behavior of consumption of students during their holidays, especially the sports students. In making their travel decisions, consumers assess the attractiveness of a destination (Sirakaya et al., 2001). Positive associations with a destination increase the likelihood of selection (Woodside & Lyson-ski, 1989). The main hypothesis concerned the type of sports that students were engaged while on vacation. That is, we postulated that students also practiced sport during their vacation time. The second hypothesis concerned the mobility that these students should be accustomed to in order to travel in competitions abroad or at least away from home. The study was conducted in a quantitative manner, with questionnaires (N=451). The main results are based on 451 Physical Education (PE) students from the area of Lille, France, who participated in this study. In this population, 55.2% were single, 44.8% were married or in a relationship (10.2% had children). Initial results show that the average household income per month is about EUR 2,500; over 74% of them go on holiday for two weeks, on average. These students are coming from wealthy families. When they say that they are “going on vacation”, a majority of them (68.7%) indicate that the main reason is to relax. Contrary to the announced hypothesis, few PE students (4.9%) wish to practice physical activities during the holiday. Independently, we noticed that a majority of student (79.5%) preferred a single destination when the purpose was to make cultural trips (51.5%). However, the question of the budget remains an issue and they favor (78%) being hosted in the cheapest accommodations. For instance, the accommodations concerned are mostly camping or holiday villages. These findings can be interesting to satisfy this kind of demand and help providers build better strategies.
EN
Squat is a fundamental motor pattern in everyday activities, e.g. sitting or lifting objects from the ground. One of the reasons for the poor quality of the squat pattern lies in limited mobility. The study assessed the effects of one-off and 4-week squat correction based on the mobility system exercises. The study involved 40 people, divided into a test group (18 women, 2 men, ± 24.6 years) and a control group (10 women, 10 men ± 23.6 years). All participants have been subjected to three tests twice: a deep squat test - according to the FMS ™ concept, the Active Straight Leg Raise test and the "four" test. After the test, four corrective exercises were recommended and the study continued. The subjects from the test group performed the recommended exercises for 4 weeks, 3 times a week. The protocol was repeated for both groups after 4 weeks, according to the same methodology. For the ASLR test and the "four" test, a significant improvement was observed both after a single session and after a 4-week correction program. With the improvement of these ranges, the result in the deep squat test also improved. A statistically significant improvement in the result was obtained in 9 out of 40 people (22.5%) after a single measurement. As a result of a 4-week correction, the improvement of the squat occurred only after repeated correction. The use of corrective exercises in the hip joints may translate into an improvement in the squat pattern.
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issue 3
465-475
EN
Sewage sludge ashes from grate furnace and fluidized bed furnace were used in this research. This research was carried out to investigate the impact of combustion technology on sewage sludge speciation of heavy metals from sewage sludge ash. This was achieved by conducting a sequential chemical extraction procedure Community Bureau Reference (BCR). This study indicated that heavy metals in sewage sludge ash were dominant in immobile fractions. Moreover, it was stated that the combustion technology of sewage sludge did not have a significant influence on the mobility of heavy metals in ashes
PL
Badania przeprowadzono w celu oceny wpływu technologii spalania osadów ściekowych na mobilność metali ciężkich z popiołów. W badaniach wykorzystano popioły z osadów ściekowych pobrane z oczyszczalni ścieków ze spalaniem osadów w piecu rusztowym i złożu fluidalnym. Zastosowano chemiczną procedurę ekstrakcji sekwencyjnej Community Bureau Reference (BCR). Stwierdzono, że metale ciężkie w popiołach z osadów ściekowych dominowały we frakcjach niemobilnych. Ponadto zauważono, że technologia spalania komunalnych osadów ściekowych nie miała znaczącego wpływu na mobilność metali ciężkich z popiołów.
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vol. 6
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issue 3
479-490
EN
The mobility of electrons in vertical transport in GaAs/Ga1−y AlyAs barrier structures was investigated using geometric magnetoresistance measurements in the dark. The samples studied had Ga1−y AlyAs (0 ≤ y ≤ 0:26) linearly graded barriers between the n+-GaAs contacts and the Ga0:74Al0:26As central barrier, which contain N w (=0, 2, 4, 7 and 10) n-doped GaAs quantum wells. The mobility was determined as functions of (i) temperature (80–290 K) at low applied voltage (0.01–0.1 V) and (ii) applied voltage (0.005–1.6 V) at selected temperatures in the range 3.5–290 K. The experimental results for the temperature dependence of low-field mobility suggest that space-charge scattering is dominant in the samples with N w=0 and 2, whereas ionized impurity scattering is dominant in the samples with N w=4, 7 and 10. The effect of polar optical phonon scattering on the mobility becomes significant in all barrier structures at temperatures above about 200 K. The difference between the measured mobility and the calculated total mobility in the samples with N w=4, 7 and 10, observed above 200 K, is attributed to the reflection of electrons from well-barrier interfaces in the quantum wells and interface roughness scattering. The rapid decrease of mobility with applied voltage at high voltages is explained by intervalley scattering of hot electrons.
10
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Track Effects in Positronium Formation

72%
EN
We discuss some aspects important for interpretation of the Ps formation process in liquids and molecular media: (1) inhomogeneity of intratrack reactions and parameters of the e⁺ track, (2) final states of e⁺, its solvation in polar and nonpolar liquids, relation to e⁺ mobility, (3) quasi-neutrality of the e⁺ blob and its ambipolar outdiffusion, (4) appearance of the "in-blob" and "out-of-the-blob" positron fractions, and (5) electric field effect on Ps formation.
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