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EN
Spirulina has been studied due to its commercial importance as a source of essential amino acids, protein, vitamins, fatty acids etc. Most of the culture systems in use today are open ponds. The new approach proposed in this paper is to use the geothermal water as a medium for microalgae cultivation. Poland has beneficial conditions for wide geothermal use, as one of the environmentally friendly and sustainable renewable energy sources. In the planned research, geothermal water could be used to prepare microalgal culture medium, to heat greenhouses with bioreactors used for the growth of Spirulina, to dry the obtained biomass, as well as to heat the ground in foil tunnels. Using geothermal water gives the possibility to produce algae in open ponds covered with greenhouses and to cultivate plants during winter. The obtained algae can be used for the production of algal bio-products (e.g. homogenates), having the potential application in plant cultivation.
EN
Dunaliella salina accumulates large amounts of intracellular glycerol in response to the increases in salt concentration, thus is a potential source for producing fuel grade glycerol as an alternative to biodiesel-derived crude glycerol. D. salina lacks a cell wall; therefore the mode of harvesting Dunaliella cells is critical to avoid cell disruption caused by extreme engineering conditions. This study explored cell disruption and glycerol leakage of D. salina under various centrifugal stresses during cell harvesting. Results show a centrifugal g-force lower than 5000 g caused little cell disruption, while a g-force higher than 9000 g led to ~40% loss of the intact cells and glycerol yields from the recovered algal pellets. Theoretical calculations of the centrifugal stresses that could rupture Dunaliella cells were in agreement with the experimental results, indicating optimisation of centrifugation conditions is important for recovering intact cells of D. salina enriched in glycerol.
EN
In recent years, food called “superfoods” has gained popularity. Despite the lack of a uniform definition and thus the absence of a specific list of products, food is usually described as “super” if it presents an extremely high content of antioxidants, vitamins, protein, fiber or other ingredients that improve health. Information on the health benefits offered by this type of food appears in the mass media, which, in the opinion of a significant part of society, is a remedy for many diseases. However, despite the positive effects, eating “superfoods” can carry many risks. Allergic reactions, drug interactions and gastrointestinal disturbances are among the many undesirable effects after eating “superfoods”. For greater control, in 2007 the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) banned the placing on the market of products labeled as superfoods if they do not have a health claim supported by clinical trials. Due to the fact that it is a relatively new concept, caution is recommended when choosing foods labelled as “superfoods”, as well as their reasonable consumption in moderate amounts.
PL
W ostatnich latach na popularności zyskała żywność określana mianem „superfoods”. Mimo braku jednolitej definicji, a tym samym nieistnienia konkretnej listy produktów, żywność zazwyczaj zostaje określona jako „super”, jeśli prezentuje niezwykle wysoką zawartość przeciwutleniaczy, witamin, białka, błonnika lub innych składników wpływających na poprawę zdrowia. W środkach masowego przekazu pojawiają się informacje na temat prozdrowotnych działań tej żywności, która, w opinii znacznej części społeczeństwa, stanowi remedium na wiele chorób. Jednak pomimo pozytywnego działania, spożywanie „superfoods” może nieść za sobą liczne zagrożenia. Reakcje alergiczne, interakcje z lekami oraz dolegliwości żołądkowo-jelitowe to jedne z wielu niepożądanych objawów po spożyciu produktów typu „superfoods”. W celu większej kontroli w 2007 roku Europejski Urząd ds. Bezpieczeństwa Żywności (European Food Safety Authority, EFSA) zakazał wprowadzania do obrotu produktów oznaczonych jako superfoods, jeśli nie posiadają one oświadczenia zdrowotnego popartego badaniami klinicznymi. Z uwagi na fakt, że jest to pojęcie stosunkowo nowe, zaleca się zachowanie ostrożności przy wyborze preparatów zawierających „superfoods” oraz ich rozsądną konsumpcję w umiarkowanych ilościach.
EN
Eutrophication process is a serious problem in water ecosystems. There is a great need to study the relation between the physico-chemical condition of water and the influence of these parameters on the diversity of biological life, especially on changes in the structure of microbiocenoses. The most interesting are bacteria and microalgae, due to the important roles they play in maintaining the balance of the aquatic environment. In this study, biodiversity analysis of eukaryotic microalgae and bacteria in two artificial water ecosystems - fish farming ponds - was performed. Aquaculture was based on IMTA technology, in which every part of the trophic chain plays a significant role in maintaining the balance in the ecosystems. Experimental intensive - extensive systems differed in terms of nutrient loads, ponds were characterized by high loads of organic and inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. During the experimental period, the physicochemical conditions, quantitative genotypic structure of the two biocenoses being studied and the relation between these factors were monitored and investigated. For the biodiversity analysis, the PCR - DGGE technique was used. The results of preliminary research showed that there is a correlation between nutrient loads, diversity expressed in the Shannon-Wiener Index and the overall condition of experimental systems. Higher loadings of nutrient promote the development of bacteria and microalgae without any influence on the balance in the artificial ecosystem being tested.
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