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Introduction: An ongoing debate concerns the need for routine placement of prophylactic intra-abdominal drains following kidney transplantation. Aim: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether such an approach brings any advantages in the prevention of perirenal transplant fluid collection, surgical site infection, lymphocele, hematoma, urinoma, wound dehiscence, graft loss, and need for reoperation. Methods: We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis of non-randomized studies of intervention comparing drained and drain-free adult renal graft recipients regarding perirenal transplant fluid collection and other wound complications. ROBINS-I tool and funnel plot asymmetry analysis were used to assess the risk of bias. Results: Five studies at moderate to critical risk of bias were included. A total of 2094 renal graft recipients were evaluated. Our analysis revealed no significant differences between drained and drain-free patients regarding perirenal transplant fluid collection (pooled odds ratio [OR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28–2.17; I 2 = 72%), surgical site infection (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.11–24.88; I 2 = 80%), lymphocele (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.02–15.27; I 2 = 0%), hematoma (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.12–3.99; I 2 = 71%), and wound dehiscence (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.21–2.70; I 2 = 0%). There was insufficient data concerning urinoma, graft loss, and need for reoperation. Conclusions: The available evidence is weak. Our findings show that the use of intra-abdominal drains after kidney transplantation seems to have neither beneficial nor harmful effects on perirenal transplant fluid collection and other wound complications. The present study does not support the routine placement of surgical drains after kidney transplantation. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we summarize the most up-to-date evidence for and against the routine use of intra-abdominal drain following renal transplantation.
EN
Purpose: Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. The gold standard method is surgical resection. The approach to rectal cancer is still controversial. Nowadays, robotic approach gains popularity in comparison to traditional laparoscopy. However, there is lack of studies assessing rectal resections with primary anastomosis. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcomes of interest were morbidity and short-term complications. Results: An initial reference search yielded 1250 articles. Finally, we chose six studies covering 1580 patients that we included in the quantitative analysis. In our study, we demonstrated that laparoscopic and robotic surgery are non-inferior to one another in terms of morbidity (RR=1.1 95% CI: 0.89-1.39), major complication rate (RR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.60-1.69) or in length of hospitalization (MD=0,15 95% CI: -0.60−0.90). The latter has slight advantage in quality of mesorectal excision (RD = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.35 − -0.03. I2=69%) and anastomotic leakage rate (OR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.23-4.09, I2=0%). Conclusion: In certain cases Robotic Surgery provide better quality of resected specimen and lower leakage ratio, nevertheless due to heterogeneity the results are uncertain. There is substantial need for large randomized controlled studies.
EN
Folate metabolism deficiency has been related to increased occurrence of maternal non-disjunction resulting in trisomy 21. Several polymorphisms in genes coding for folate metabolism enzymes have been investigated for association with the maternal risk of Down syndrome (DS) yielding variable results. We performed a meta-analysis of case-control studies obtained through the PubMed database. The studies on polymorphisms in the MTHFR, MTRR, MTR, RFC1 and CBS genes were included. The summary OR demonstrated a statistically significant increased risk of giving birth to a child with DS in mothers carrying the mutant allele of the MTHFR/C677T gene polymorphism (both genetic models) and in mothers homozygous for the mutant allele of the MTRR/A66G polymorphism (recessive genetic model). Analyses of other polymorphisms, MTHFR/A1298C, MTR/A2756G, RFC1/A80G, and CBS/844ins68, resulted in borderline or no statistical significance. In conclusion, our meta-analysis showed the significance of genetic alterations in the folate metabolism genes in maternal susceptibility to DS offspring. Our results suggest that the importance of folate supplementation to women in reproductive age in prevention of non-disjunction be revised. Further genetic studies on a combined effect of multiple folate metabolism genes is recommended. Additionally, more thorough studies on the haplotype analyses of genes is recommended as well, especially in populations that have not yet been investigated thus far.
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