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DIETARY INTAKE OF MINERALS IN DIETS OF ADULTS PREPARING FOR MARATHON

100%
Salomon A., Mandecka A., Różańska D., Konikowska K., Kosendiak A., Regulska-Ilow B.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2017
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vol. 18
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issue 2
23-32
EN
The aim of the study was to evaluate the mineral content in the diets of amateurs preparing for a marathon. The examined group consisted of 92 women (W), whose average age was 30.8 ±6.7 years and 66 men (M), whose average age was 33.2 ±6.6 years. The evaluation of the mineral content of the diets of the surveyed people was done using three-day dietary records which included one day of the weekend. The average daily sodium content in the diets of women was 1,952.2 ±729.2 mg, and in the diets of men it was 3,093.1 ±1,063.3 mg whereas potassium content was 3,361.6 ±798.5 mg and 3,900.3 ±982.3 mg respectively. The potassium content of less than 90% of fulfilling the norm was observed in the diets of 84.8% of women and 66.7% of men. The average content of calcium in the diets of women and men amounted to 887.5 ±278.8 mg and 1,162.6 ± 434.3 mg/day respectively. The diets of 30.4% of women and 16.7% of men had insufficient calcium content as compared to the norms. The average daily phosphorus and magnesium content was significantly higher in men than in women (1,374.6 ±348.6 vs 1,823.5 ±473.0 mg and 373.4 ±107.1 vs 423.6 ±108.8 mg). Magnesium intake was insufficient in the diets of 14.1% of women and 28.8% of men. The average daily content of iron, zinc and copper in the group of women was: 12.1 mg, 10.1 mg and 1.4 mg, while in the diets of men respectively 14.8 mg, 13.5 mg and 1.5 mg. The highest percentage of diets not fulfilling the norm was found for calcium and potassium in women, and potassium and magnesium for men.
2
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Impact of sewage sludge and composts prepared from sewage sludge on the content and uptake of macronutrients by straw of miscanthus sacchariflorus

88%
Iżewska A., Krzywy E., Balcer K.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2007
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vol. 9
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issue 3
56-59
EN
The pot experiment was set up under the conditions of the hall of vegetation in 2002. The municipal sewage sludge and composts produced with the GWDA method in 2001 based on municipal sewage sludge with the 30% addition of structuring materials, in conversion to the dry matter, were used in the experiment. The pot experiment was set up with the split-split-plot method in three repetitions. The objects of the first factor were the doses of sewage sludge and composts (1 dose = 13 g, 2 dose = 26 g, 3 dose = 39 g, 4 dose = 52 g of dry matter in relation to the soil weight in the pot), the objects of the second factor were the types of organic fertilization (sewage sludge, 0,5-year compost prepared from sewage sludge, 1,5-year compost prepared from sewage sludge), objects of the third factor were the variants with and without nitrogen and potassium fertilization in the rates of 0.27 g N and 0.26 g K per pot. The experiment was conducted in Kick-Brauckmann's pots of 9 dm3 capacity in which 8 kg of soil were placed. The test plant cultivated in the experiment was Miscanthus sachariflorus. Seedlings of Miscanthus were planted in the first year of the experiment. The obtained results show that the content of macronutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in straw of Miscanthus sachariflorus was not dependent on the type of organic fertilizers used in the experiment. However, supplemental nitrogen-potassium fertilization significantly increases the content of potassium in the test plant in all three years of research and nitrogen in the second year.The conducted research shows that the uptake of macronutrients depended on the dry matter yield quantity and the content of a given element in the yield. Within three years the straw of Miscanthus sacchariflorus took up the most of potassium - 11.63 g from the pot and the least of magnesium 1.20 g from the pot. The amount of the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium by the biomass of Miscanthus sacchariflorus from the pot on the objects fertilized with organic fertilizers was the highest in the second year of the research, which was a result of mineralization of the applied fertilizers.
3
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Nutritional strategies of young, physically active residents of Wrocław

88%
Ptak J., Wilk M., Turek K., Jarocki M., Krupka D.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2022
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vol. 40
45-52
EN
Proper diet is a well-established factor influencing the effectiveness of training. to assess the knowledge of young sportspeople from Wrocław about sport nutritional strategies an online survey was distributed to Wrocław sport schools and clubs. the respondents were asked to answer questions regarding their sport activity, diet and the knowledge of nutrition strategies. the answers were then compared with the recommended strategies of international Society of Sports Nutrition (iSSN) and other research on this topic.147 answers were analyzed. 38% of the respondents modified their diet due to training. their most popular strategy was an additional pre-workout meal. in the group that did not modify the diet, the majority (82%) heard of some sport nutrition strategy. 52% of the respondents consumed a protein peri-workout meal. estimated 30% consume the amount of protein recommended by iSSN. Percentage of young sportspeople adjusting diet to training seems to be low, taking into account both established importance of such proceedings and awareness of sport nutrition strategies in this group. interestingly, more men than women do so. Group of respondents following well-documented iSSN recommendations is comparably modest. Perhaps the topic of nutrition strategies should be given more emphasis in schools and sport associations.
4
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Naturalne i syntetyczne modulatory aktywności sirtuin

63%
Wiercińska M., Rosołowska-Huszcz D.
Kosmos
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2017
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vol. 66
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issue 3
365-377
PL
Sirtuiny należą do rodziny deacetylaz histonów zależnych od NAD. Ich substratami jest wiele enzymów i czynników transkrypcyjnych, a kontrolując ich aktywność sirtuiny uczestniczą w utrzymaniu homeostazy ustroju. Sirtuiny mogą ograniczać rozwój schorzeń związanych z wiekiem, w tym nowotworów. Ich aktywność modulowana jest przez wiele czynników żywieniowych. Restrykcja kaloryczna oraz niektóre aminokwasy przyczyniają się do wzrostu aktywności sirtuin. Natomiast nadmierne spożycie tłuszczu i węglowodanów hamuje ich aktywność. Naturalnymi aktywatorami sirtuin, występującymi w żywności są niektóre związki z grupy flawonoli, katechin, alkaloidów oraz izoflawonów. Aktualnie trwają prace nad znalezieniem nowych syntetycznych aktywatorów sirtuin. Ze względu na potencjalny udział niektórych sirtuin w patogenezie chorób neurodegeneracyjnych poszukuje się inhibitorów tych enzymów.
EN
Sirtuins belong to the family of NAD-dependent histone deacetylases. Sirtuin substrates include a great number of enzymes and transcription factors. In this way sirtuins regulate homeostasis of the whole organism. Sirtuins can limit the development of age-related diseases, including cancers. Their activity is modulated by many nutritional factors. Caloric restriction and some amino acids contribute to sirtuins stimulation. Excessive intake of fat and carbohydrates inhibits their activity. Daily diet includes natural sirtuin activators such as flavanoles, catechins, alcaloids and isoflavonoids. Currently, new synthetic activators of sirtuins are under investigations. In view of possible involvement of some sirtuins in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, search for inhibitors of this class of enzymes is of particular importance.
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