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1

Relationships Between Vertical Jump Strength Metrics and 5 Meters Sprint Time

100%

Marques M., Gil H., Ramos R., Costa A., Marinho D.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2011

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vol. 29

115-122

EN

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between short sprint time (5 m) and strength metrics of the countermovement jump (CMJ) using a linear transducer in a group of trained athletes. Twenty-five male, trained subjects volunteered to participate in the study. Each volunteer performed 3 maximal CMJ trials on a Smith machine. Peak instantaneous power was calculated by the product of velocity taken with the linear transducer. For sprint testing, each subject performed three maximum 5 m sprints. Only the best attempt was considered in both tests. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients between 5 m sprint performance and strength metrics of the CMJ were generally positive and of clear moderate to strong magnitude (r = -0.664 to -0.801). More noticeable was the significant predictive value of bar displacement time (r= ~0.70) to sprint performance. Nevertheless, a non-significant predictive value of peak bar velocity and rate of force development measurements was found. These results underline the important relationship between 5 m sprint and maximal lower body strength, as assessed by the force, power and bar velocity displacement. It is suggested that sprinting time performance would benefit from training regimens aimed to improve these performance qualities.

2

Virtual-Based Aquatic Plyometric Training: How it Effects Lower Extremity Muscle Strength?

100%

Simanjuntak V., Setiawan E., Yanti N., Lalu Moh Y. I., Winarno M. E.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2023

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vol. 44

95-105

EN

The low achievement of long jump athletes and the limited virtual-based aquatic plyometric exercises to increase lower extremity muscle strength are the gaps in this study. This study aims to increase lower extremity muscle strength of long jump athletes through virtual-based plyometric aquatic training. This research adopted a mixed methods research. This study involved participants from long jump athletes at the University of Tanjung Pura in Indonesia (n = 20). Participants were divided into two groups, namely an experimental group (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). The quantitative instrument involved a leg dynamometer for measuring lower extremity muscle strength. While, the qualitative instrument used in-depth interview. Quantitative data analysis was carried out through IBM SPSS to calculate descriptive statistics and normality, while the paired sample t-test to test differences in lower extremity muscle strength values in the experimental and control groups. Qualitative analysis was carried out through recording, describing and coding stages, which categorized into three themes. Based on quantitative results, it showed that virtual-based plyometric aquatic training was proven significantly increase lower extremity muscle strength (ps0.05), but there was no significant effect in the control group (p & 0.05). Qualitative results found out that most of the participants gave a positive opinion regarding virtual-based plyometric aquatics. Thus, this study confirms that virtual-based plyometric aquatic training can be used to increase lower extremity muscle strength.

3

Does an in-Season 6-Week Combined Sprint and Jump Training Program Improve Strength-Speed Abilities and Kicking Performance in Young Soccer Players?

100%

Marques M. C., Pereira A., Reis I. G., Tillaar R. v. d.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2013

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vol. 39

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issue 1

157-166

EN

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a six-week combined jump and sprint training program on strength-speed abilities in a large sample of youth competitive soccer players. It was hypothesized that the experimental training group would enhance their jumping and sprinting abilities. Enhancement of kicking performance was also hypothesized due to an expected increase in explosive strength established by a plyometric and sprinting regimen. Fiftytwo young male soccer players playing at the national level (aged 13.4 ± 1.4 years, body mass 53.4 ± 11.7 kg, body height 1.66 ± 0.11 m) took part in the study. Half of the group underwent the plyometric and sprint training program in addition to their normal soccer training, while the other half was involved in soccer training only. The plyometric training group enhanced their running (+1.7 and +3.2%) and jumping performance (+7.7%) significantly over the short period of time, while the control group did not. Furthermore, both groups increased their kicking velocity after just six weeks of training (+3.3 vs. 6.6%). The findings suggest that a short in-season 6-week sprint and jump training regimen can significantly improve explosive strength in soccer-specific skills and that these improvements can be transferred to soccer kicking performance in terms of ball speed.

4

Effects of workload level on muscle recruitment in cycling

88%

Priego J. I., Bini R. R., Lanferdini F. J., Carpes F. P.

Human Movement

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2014

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vol. 15

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issue 1

45-50

EN

Purpose. Despite the volume of studies addressing muscle activation during pedaling, it is unclear whether changes in workload level during cycling could dictate motor unit recruitment. The present study investigated the frequency content of lower limb muscle activation during submaximal workloads. Methods. Twelve male competitive cyclists pedaled at three workload levels: (1) maximum aerobic power output (POMAX), (2) first ventilatory threshold (POVT1), and (3) second ventilatory threshold (POVT2). Muscle activation was recorded from the right vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF), long head of biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), and soleus (SOL) muscles. Data from muscle activation were assessed using frequency band analysis. High and low frequencies and overall muscle activation were normalized to that collected at POMAX. Results. Greater overall activation was observed for VM (27%, p < 0.01, d = 1.22), RF (24%, p < 0.01, d = 0.96), BF (33%, p < 0.01, d = 1.43), GM (10%, p < 0.05, d = 0.91), and SOL (16%, p < 0.05, d = 0.81) at POVT2 than POVT1. No differences were observed in the high or low frequencies relative to overall muscle activation. Conclusions. Cyclists sustain changes at submaximal workloads via an equally distributed increase in muscle activation with no potential changes in motor unit recruitment.

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Ultrasonograficzna ocena średnicy światła tętnic kończyn dolnych u osób zdrowych – zależności od wieku, płci, parametrów morfologicznych badanego

63%

Czyżewska D., Ustymowicz A., Krysiuk K., Witkowski P., Zonenberg M., Dobrzycki K., Łebkowska U.

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2012

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vol. 12

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issue 51

420-427

EN

Aim: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the caliber of the following arteries in the lower extremities: the common femoral artery, superficial femoral artery, popliteal artery, posterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery and to determine the relation of the calibers to age, sex and morphological parameters of the body such as weight, height and BMI of the subject. Material: Two hundred and twenty-eight healthy persons aged 18–81 were examined (average ±SD; 43.1±16.71): 134 women aged 19–74 (43.2±15.63) and 94 men aged 18–81 (43±18.22). Methods: The study was conducted with the use of a linear probe of 7.5 MHz frequency. The vascular caliber was assessed after the color map (color Doppler) was placed on a B-mode image. Results: The average and standard deviation values for the calibers of examined vessels were determined. The calibers of all vessels examined in the group of men were statistically significantly larger than those in the group of women. No statistically significant differences between the calibers of the right and left sides were determined. The statistically significant correlations were specified between the age and the caliber of the examined vessels; positive for large femoral arteries and negative for the arteries of the crus and foot. Positive, statistically significant correlations between the caliber and the height, weight and BMI were also reported. Conclusions: The reported calibers of the arteries in the lower extremities and their relation to age, sex and morphological parameters of the subjects enable the differentiation of the physiological remodeling of the vessels from the pathological processes in e.g. atherosclerosis or hypertension.

PL

Cel: Celem pracy jest ocena średnicy światła tętnic kończyn dolnych: tętnicy udowej wspólnej, tętnicy udowej powierzchownej, tętnicy podkolanowej, tętnicy piszczelowej tylnej i tętnicy grzbietowej stopy u osób zdrowych oraz ustalenie jej zależności od wieku, płci oraz parametrów morfologicznych ciała (waga, wzrost, BMI) badanego. Materiał: Zbadano 228 zdrowych osób w wieku 18–81 lat (średnia ±SD; 43,1±16,71): 134 kobiety w wieku 19–74 lat (43,2±15,63) i 94 mężczyzn w wieku 18–81 lat (43±18,22). Metoda: Badania przeprowadzano za pomocą sondy liniowej, o częstotliwości 7,5 MHz. Światło naczyń oceniano po nałożeniu na obraz w prezentacji B mapy kolorów (kolorowy doppler). Wyniki: Ustalono średnie i odchylenie standardowe dla średnicy światła badanych naczyń. Średnice światła wszystkich zbadanych naczyń w grupie mężczyzn były istotnie statystycznie większe od wartości w grupie kobiet. Nie stwierdzono istotnych statystycznie różnic średnicy światła naczyń pomiędzy stronami (prawa – lewa). Wykazano występowanie istotnych statystycznie korelacji pomiędzy wiekiem a średnicą światła badanych naczyń, dla dużych tętnic uda – dodatnich, dla tętnic podudzia i stopy – ujemnych. Odnotowano także istotne statystycznie dodatnie korelacje pomiędzy wzrostem badanych, wagą i BMI a średnicą światła naczyń. Wnioski: Ustalone średnice światła tętnic kończyn dolnych oraz ich zależności od wieku, płci i parametrów morfologicznych badanego umożliwią odróżnienie fizjologicznej przebudowy naczynia od procesu patologicznego, zachodzącego na przykład w przebiegu miażdżycy czy nadciśnienia.

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Relationships Between Vertical Jump Strength Metrics and 5 Meters Sprint Time

Virtual-Based Aquatic Plyometric Training: How it Effects Lower Extremity Muscle Strength?

Does an in-Season 6-Week Combined Sprint and Jump Training Program Improve Strength-Speed Abilities and Kicking Performance in Young Soccer Players?

Effects of workload level on muscle recruitment in cycling

Ultrasonograficzna ocena średnicy światła tętnic kończyn dolnych u osób zdrowych – zależności od wieku, płci, parametrów morfologicznych badanego