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Psychological aspects of the quality of life of patients in long-term inpatient care

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Augustyn E., Grochowska A., Łabuzek M., Mika M.
Long-Term Care Nursing
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2020
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vol. 5
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issue 3
175-190
EN
Aim The objective of the study was to assess psychological aspects of the quality of life of patients in long-term stationary care. Material and methods The research was carried out from December 2018 to February 2019. The study was conducted among 92 patients of the Nursing and Care Institution. The research method was a diagnostic survey, while the research technique was a survey. The research tools were the author's questionnaire and the Beck’s Depression Scale. The results obtained from the questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis. The differences between the variables were verified using the chi-square independence test and the Kruskal-Wallis test, assuming a significance level of p<0.05. Results The occurrence of depression in the respondents was assessed using the Beck Depression Scale. Lack of depression was found in 40.2% of the respondents, mild depression in 45.7% and moderate depression in 14.1%. Analysis of the research showed that the marital status of the respondents significantly affected their incidence of depression. It was found that moderate depression was 38.4% more common (p=0.0409). The most numerous group of respondents were respondents, who often experienced anxiety (80.4%) and irritability (56.5%). The most common situations causing irritability and anxiety in subjects is lack of independence (53.3%), which has a significant impact on the feeling of loneliness among the subjects. Conclusions The most common situations causing irritability and anxiety in subjects result from a lack of independence, which affects their sense of loneliness. Subjects who did not spend time among other patients more often felt helpless and confused.
2
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Psychological dimensions of relationships with siblings as predictors of loneliness of young adults

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Walęcka-Matyja K.
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vol. XXI
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issue 4
602-621
EN
The aim of this research was to determine the variables differentiating the way how adult siblings experience loneliness and to indicate the sibling relationship dimensions having a predictive value for the multifacetedly defined phenomenon of loneliness. The research covered 153 persons at an average age of 25.5 years. Women accounted for 36.3% of the group. The participants had adult siblings, with whom they stayed in contact. The Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S) by E. DiTommaso, C. Brannen, L.A. Best (2004) was used to measure a sense of loneliness in the social and emotional dimensions. This scale was adapted to the Polish conditions by K. Adamczyk, E. DiTommaso (2014). The quality of sibling relationships in early adulthood was assessed by means of the Adult Sibling Relationship Questionnaire (ASRQ) by C. Stocker et al. (1997) in the adaptation of K. Walęcka-Matyja (2014a). It evaluates the perception of the examined persons, their behaviours and feelings toward their siblings as well as the perception of the siblings – their behaviours and feelings toward the examined. The obtained research results indicate that among the considered sociodemographic variables, only birth order was a factor differentiating the examined people in the area of experiencing loneliness in the family dimension. Some differences were noticed in relation to the quality of sibling relationships in the compared groups. Sisters received significantly higher average results than brothers in the dimensions of Warmth, Similarity, Intimacy, Acceptance and Knowledge whereas brothers received significantly higher average results in the dimensions of Conflict and Maternal Rivalry. There were also different constellations of the sibling relationship dimensions having a predictive value for some specific aspects of loneliness found in the groups of the examined sisters and brothers. In the group of sisters, they were: Opposition and Intimacy. In the group of brothers, the predictors of loneliness were: Paternal Rivalry, Admiration, Emotional Support, Intimacy, Knowledge.
3
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Loneliness and Internet addiction of Polish adolescents

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Tabak I., Zawadzka D.
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EN
Background and aims: Internet addiction in adolescents has been a growing problem over the recent years. The aim of the study was to assess the relationships between Internet addiction, loneliness (social and emotional) and adolescents’ lower quality of life. Methods: An anonymous survey was conducted in Poland in lower and upper secondary schools on a sample of  376 students, aged 14–19. The  Young’s Diagnostic Questionnaire, the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale and KIDSCREEN-10 index were used. The statistical analysis of the data included χ2 test, partial correlations (SPSS v. 23) and path analysis (AMOS v. 19). Results: Of the participants, 11.6% were identified as addicted to Internet, and 8.2% – as being at risk of addiction; 37.8% of the participants were moderately lonely, and 2.5% – severely lonely. Partial correlations with age and gender as controlled variables revealed relationships between Internet addiction and overall and emotional loneliness, but not social loneliness nor quality of life. Path analysis confirmed significant associations between Internet addiction and emotional loneliness, and between emotional loneliness and quality of life. Emotional loneliness was a statistically significant mediator between Internet addiction and quality of life. Conclusions: Internet addiction is a predictor of adolescents’ loneliness, and excessive use of the Internet indirectly lowers the quality of life of young people, causing emotional loneliness. Our study indicates a correlation, not a causal relation. Lonely individuals may use the Internet compensatively.
PL
Tło i cele: Uzależnienie od internetu w wieku dorastania jest rosnącym problemem ostatnich lat. Celem zaprezentowanej pracy jest określenie związku pomiędzy uzależnieniem od internetu, samotnością (społeczną oraz emocjonalną) a niską jakością życia młodzieży. Metody: Anonimowa ankieta została przeprowadzona w Polsce w szkołach średnich na próbie 376 uczniów w wieku 14–19 lat. W badaniu zostały użyte: The Young’s Diagnostic Questionnaire, the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale oraz 10-czynnikowy kwestionariusz KIDSCREEN. Analiza statystyczna danych obejmowała test χ2 , częściową korelację (SPSS v. 23) oraz analizę torową (AMOS v. 19). Wyniki: Spośród badanych 11,6% młodzieży zostało określonych jako uzależnieni od internetu, 8,2% – jako na granicy uzależnienia, 37,8% – jako przeciętnie samotni, 2,5% – bardzo samotni. Okazało się, że częściowa korelacja pomiędzy wiekiem i płcią, jako jedna ze zmiennych, jest powiązana z uzależnieniem od internetu oraz emocjonalną samotnością, jednak nie ma związku z obniżeniem jakości życia oraz społeczną samotnością. Analiza torowa potwierdziła znaczący związek pomiędzy uzależnieniem od internetu a samotnością emocjonalną oraz pomiędzy emocjonalną samotnością a obniżeniem jakości życia. Samotność emocjonalna była statystycznie ważnym mediatorem pomiędzy uzależnieniem od internetu a obniżeniem jakości życia. Wnioski: Uzależnienie od internetu jest czynnikiem rokującym samotność dorastającej młodzieży, a nadmierne używanie internetu pośrednio obniża jakość życia młodych ludzi, powodując samotność emocjonalną. Badanie określa korelację, nie związek przyczynowo-skutkowy. Być może osoby samotne kompensacyjnie używają internetu.
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Subjective loneliness, well-being and marital satisfaction in couples with different attachment styles

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Kornaszewska-Polak M.
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vol. XXI
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issue 4
514-533
EN
The basic principle of attachment theory is the assumption that early childhood attachment relationships with significant others (primary attachment figure) are the pattern for the later romantic relationships in adulthood (with a romantic partner). Four questionnaire methods were applied to diagnose the quality of relationships in adult life: Plopa’s Attachment Styles Questionnaire (KSM); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in Juczyński adaptation, de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) and Pospiszyl’s Marital Happiness Questionnaire (KSM). 250 married couples with different marital experience were subjected. The study proved the existence of statistical relationships between the secure attachment styles, well-being, loneliness and the marital satisfaction. The research confirmed the mediating impact of loneliness and psychological well-being on the marital satisfaction of adults with different attachment styles. As it turned out, the marital satisfaction can be seriously lessened by loneliness in safely attached adults and well-being can enhance this satisfaction in insecurely attached adults.
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Comparison of the influence of participation in screen golf on self-esteem, loneliness, depression, social isolation, and life satisfaction between people with and without disabilities in Republic of Korea

75%
Bum C.-H., Hums M. A., Picklesimer A., Choi C.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2021
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vol. 89
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issue 1
11-21
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