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EN
The aim of this work was to determine the influence of liming on the process of pyrolysis. Three samples of sludge from two wastewater treatment plants were selected for this study on pyrolysis: sludge without liming and limed sludge from the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Ostrava and sludge from the Wastewater Treatment Plant in Sviadnov. The samples had different content of calcite (CaCO3). The limed sludge contained 7% of CaCO3, sludge without liming 3.8% and sludge without liming from WWTP Sviadnov contained 0.5% of calcite. The results of laboratory pyrolysis proved that limed sludge released the maximum amount of carbon - 55.46 %, while sludge without liming from WWTP Sviadnov released only 48.92%. Calcite produces during its decomposition CaO and the product influences the pyrolysis process because it supports cracking of volatile organic compounds
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EN
The aims of the current study is to investigate the constraint of using caustic soda in water treatment and evaluating its performance in water softening, compared to the other chemical group, including lime and sodium carbonate. Based on mass balance of reactants in the caustic softening process, a mathematical relation for expressing the constraint of using caustic soda in water softening was derived. To evaluate caustic soda performance in water softening and prove the derived relation as well, some experimental works on some water sources including well water and clarifi er’s inlet water in two oil refi neries were performed. The results showed that compared to limesodium carbonate, the caustic soda is the best choice for water softening; however, using caustic soda in water softening, while restrictive mathematical relation does not verify the chemical characteristics of water, could lead to an extreme increase in alkalinity.
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