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Physical activity of pupils during school-sport and leisure time, depending on their body weight: are overweight pupils physically inactiv?

100%
Ulmer H.-V., Hüttlin K.
Physiotherapy
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2010
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vol. 18
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issue 1
32-34
EN
It seems to be common sense, that hypomobility is an essential cause for overweight and adiposity. As a consequence, physical activity usually is recommended against adiposity. In literature doubts, based on empirical studies, could be found, that the lamentations about an unfit and by this fat youth seems to be rather a sociological phenomenon of an imaginary crisis than an empirically based fact.Especially concerning young people in Germany, physical inactivity is accused to be an important cause of adiposity. Therefore we are interested in the spontaneous intensity of physical activity of pupils during their physical education and in leisure time in relation to their body mass index.Pupils (10-19 y old, 15 forms) were observed during their physical education systematically regarding quantitative and qualitative items. Additionally the intensity of physical and sporting activities in leisure time were investigated by questionnaire. The results show, that the rate of underweight was higher than of adiposity in the researched group. Between the intensity of physical activity in physical education and in leisure related to the deviations of normal weight (BMI) no relevant correlations could be stated.Discussing these results, the hypotheses: Physical inactivity is a central cause of adiposity and physical activity is a very good action against adiposity seems to be too simple. Eating behaviour, genetic disposition, psychological factors etc. obviously are very relevant, too. This must be considered in public recommendations against adiposity as well as the risks of uncontrolled physical activities for joints, bones and muscles especially in case of overweight.
2
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Multiple Influences Affecting the Women's Choice of a Fitness Club

100%
Szumilewicz A.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2011
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vol. 3
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issue 1
55-64
EN
Background: The objective of this study was to find out the most important influences affecting the women's choice of a fitness club and to show that a fitness instructor is one of the significant factors in this decision making process. Comprehensive understanding by instructors of the women's decision making process will help in improving the women's satisfaction level, hence their regular participation in fitness activities.Material/Methods: Two different target groups connected with the activity of fitness clubs were studied. In the first one there were 339 female fitness class participants at the age of 13 to 76. There were 188 group fitness instructors at the age of 19 to 59 in the second target group. Both groups filled in a questionnaire constructed for this research project. 17 factors that might affect the women's choice of a fitness club were analyzed.Results: The study reveals that fitness instructors' qualifications and the factors connected with their work have a much more important impact on the women's choice of a club than some other promotional activities.Conclusions: Maintaining a high level of fitness instructors' qualifications and enabling them to deliver the highest quality of work should have the highest priority in the marketing strategy of fitness clubs. High expectations that women have of fitness instructors prove the necessity of developing training standards for leisure time physical activity instructors in Poland. This is essential to ensure an appropriate level of their professional qualifications.
3
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Active Sport Tourism in the Hungarian Population: Current Trends and Perspectives

100%
Dóczi T.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2009
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vol. 46
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issue 1
261-267
EN
In the past few decades, sport and tourism, two significant industries, have gone through a phase of rapid development. The relationship between the two fields is becoming more and more recognized by economic actors, policymakers and social scientists as well; nevertheless, there is a question of how widespread active sport tourism is in the different social groups of Hungarian society, and what the perspectives of sport tourism are as a leisure time activity in the future. The objective of the current paper is to answer these questions, based on survey research conducted in a representative sample (n=1027) of the Hungarian adult population. In the first phase of data analysis, the author focused on the following two questions: (1) What percentage of the population is engaged in doing regular physical exercise, and travelling during their holidays? (2) Is there a relationship between doing exercise and travelling? Based on the two dimensions (physical exercise and travelling) four groups could be separated, the in-depth analysis of the groups was carried out in the second phase of the data analysis. During this phase, the following questions were in focus: (1) How can the four groups be characterized concerning their socio-economic status? (2) What leisure activities are characteristic of them? (3) What can be said about the social networks of the members of these groups? (4) How can we characterize their attitudes to healthy lifestyle, and within this, sport? According to the results, the social basis of active sport tourism is not very wide. The majority of the Hungarian population is hindered by worsening living standards and worsening health levels, and by the lack of adequate knowledge about active sport tourism and the positive impact of it on the quality of life. A further problem is that although many people are familiar with the influence of lifestyle on health, and recognize the benefits of exercise in theory, in reality few people are involved in sporting activities, and for many, doing exercise is not a source of pleasure. That is why it is important that the messages referring to the positive impact of regular physical exercise reach the different social groups. In these messages, besides the often stressed health-preserving role, social and recreational aspects of sport as a leisure time activity should also be emphasized.
4
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Factors affecting recreational activity of young people from secondary schools

88%
Wartecka-Wazynska A.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
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2013
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vol. 5
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issue 4
267-273
EN
Background: The paper discusses factors which determine young people’s recreational activity in their leisure time. Learning about the factors of recreational activity will support efficient promotion of active lifestyles, improvement in health condition and education of young people, and participation in different forms of recreation. Material/Methods: In order to conclude on the statistical significance of the relationships and the strength of correlation between the variables, the author used Pearson's chi-square test for independence and Cramer's V coefficient. The research hypothesis was tested at two levels: α = 0.01 (denoted in the paper as **) and α = 0.05 (denoted in the paper as *). The study was carried out among the subjects from a homogeneous age group of young people (15 to 19 years old) from secondary schools in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. The survey covered a research sample of 600 people. Results: The survey, carried out among young people aged 15 to 19 years, found that recreational activity in both genders diminished with age. The study also showed that the studied young people participated in the following forms of recreation in their leisure time: computer (24.86%), cycling (18.59%), team games (14.35%), walking (7.79%), swimming (7.49%), spending time in a café or a pub (5.87%) and going to the cinema (0.42%). Among the factors that determine recreational activity, the significant role is played by financial factors, lack of interest in recreational activity, lack of free time and recreational equipment. Conclusions: Rational participation in recreational activity contributes to maintaining health and affects good mood of individuals. A system of education should be created in society to promote recreational activity among young people and its effect on the quality of health and life.
5
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The Education Level and Socio-Demographic Determinants of Physical Activity in Czech Adults

75%
Vašíčková J., Roberson D., Frömel K.
Human Movement
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2012
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vol. 13
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issue 1
54-64
EN
Purpose. Previous research has shown that physical activity (PA) is determined by several variables, such as gender, social economic condition (SES) and place of residence. The main purpose of this study was to study the association between education and PA of the Czech adult population as well as discovering any other socio-demographic factors that may influence PA. Methods. A population-based survey conducted in 2008 resulted in 6,989 International Physical Activity Questionnaires (short version) from Czech adults aged 26-69 years. This survey included all regions in the Czech Republic. The data were analysed using frequencies and binomial logistic regression separately for gender and education level. The dependent variables were classified as either the "healthy minimum" and "health promotion" according to the amount of PA criteria the individuals met. Results. People with a university education had less PA than other groups of different education levels. The "health promotion" category was met by 9.9% of women and 6.5% of men with elementary education, 67.4% of women and 71.3% of men with a secondary education, and 22.7% of women and 22.2% of men with a university education. The "health promotion" category is also more likely to be met by males (OR 1.33, CI 1.20-1.48, p < 0.001), people with elementary (OR 1.67, CI 1.36-2.06, p < 0.001) and secondary education (OR 1.60, CI 1.42-1.80, p < 0.001), those living with a family with children (OR 1.49, CI 1.07-1.53, p < 0.001), living in villages (OR 1.35, CI 1.14-1.60, p < 0.001) or small towns (OR 1.27, CI 1.10-1.61, p < 0.001), those who have a dog (OR 1.15, CI 1.04-1.27, p < 0.05), and those who participate in organized PA (OR 1.30, CI 1.17-1.44, p < 0.001). Conclusions. There was a surprising low amount of PA among those who studied at a university. Programs that promote PA among university students and future graduates should be considered.
6
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Differences in students' feelings and preferences in physical education classes: A comparison by degree of hearing loss

75%
Kurková P.
Physical Activity Review
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2020
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vol. 1
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issue 8
113-120
EN
Physical education is a very important discipline since it helps the development of students' cognitive abilities and motor skills. Also, physical education may be the best setting for individuals with hearing loss to learn about physical activity and a healthy lifestyle. Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyse differences in students' feelings in physical education classes and their leisure time preferences at the second grade of elementary schools for the deaf by degree of hearing loss. Material and methods: Participants were 86 students with hearing loss (severe to profound hearing loss, n = 51; 59.3%); an average age of 14.3 ± 1.4 years. Six elementary schools for the deaf participated in the research. The data were described using absolute and relative frequencies, including the mean and standard deviation. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Fisher exact test, Chi-square test and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for statistical analyses. For calculation of effect size coefficient abs(r) was used. All tests were performed at a significance level of alpha 0.05. Physical education is more popular among students with a more severe hearing loss (Z = -2.409; p = 0.016; abs(r) = 0.260). Relation to emotional response if a physical education class is cancelled, a small effect size coefficient (abs(r) = 0.175) was found, however statistical significance was not proven. Hearing loss affects the amount of leisure time spent listening to music - students with a less severe hearing loss do this activity considerably more often. By contrast, students who only use the Czech sign language do not listen to music. Conclusion: The degree of hearing loss has no negative effect on students' feelings in physical education classes and their preferences in leisure time.
7
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Leisure Time Physical Activity of Students of The Institute of Health Sciences at The State Higher Vocational School in Tarnów

75%
Madejski E., Bibro M., Wódka K., Łaczek-Wójtowicz M., Madejski R., Szalewski J.
Health Promotion & Physical Activity
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2018
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vol. 5
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issue 4
30-36
PL
Wstęp: Ruch, poza wspomaganiem prawidłowego funkcjonowania organizmu jest naturalną potrzebą każdego człowieka, a podejmowany systematycznie przynosi wiele korzyści zdrowotnych. Celem badań było określenie poziomu aktywności fizycznej w czasie wolnym oraz wykazanie preferowanych form ruchu wśród studentów. Materiał i metody: Badania przeprowadzono w roku akademickim 2017/2018 wśród studentów I-go rocznika Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej w Tarnowie, na kierunkach: wychowanie fizyczne, fizjoterapia i pielęgniarstwo. Ogółem przebadano 209 studentów, w tym 153 kobiety (73,2%) i 56 mężczyzn (26,8%). W badaniach zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego, a do zebrania materiału empirycznego wykorzystano ankietę. Wyniki: Badania wykazały, że poziom aktywności fizycznej studentów był zróżnicowany zarówno pod względem płci jak i kierunku studiów. Większość (66,5%) respondentów prezentowało niski poziom aktywności fizycznej. Kobiety najczęściej ćwiczyły pływanie (22,2%) i bieganie (13,1%), a mężczyźni preferowali piłkę nożną (32,1%), ćwiczenia na siłowni (17,9%) oraz podobnie jak kobiety pływanie (14,3%). Wnioski: Na podstawie wyników badań i sformułowanych wniosków można stwierdzić, iż podejmowanie zdecydowanych i skutecznych działań w kształtowaniu u dzieci i młodzieży pozytywnych postaw wobec kultury fizycznej oraz przygotowywaniu ich do całożyciowej dbałości i troski o ciało, powinno być priorytetem.
EN
Introduction: Physical activity, apart from enhancing proper body functioning, is a natural need of every human being, and taken up regularly brings numerous health benefits. The aim of the research was to define the level of physical activity in leisure time as well as to present the forms of physical activity preferred by students. Material and methods: The research was conducted in the academic year 2017/2018 among the first year students of The State Higher Vocational School in Tarnów, majoring in Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Nursing. The survey covered the total of 209 students, 153 females (73.2%) and 56 males (26.8%). A diagnostic survey was applied as the research method, and the empirical material was collected with the use of a questionnaire. Results: The research showed that the level of students’ physical activity varied depending on both sex and the field of study. The majority of the respondents (66.5%) showed a low level of physical activity. The female students most frequently practised swimming (22.2%) and running (13.1%), whereas the male students preferred football (32.1%), gym workout (17.9%) and, similarly to the females, swimming (14.3%). Conclusions: On the basis of the research results and the formulated conclusions it can be stated that taking decisive and effective actions in order to develop positive attitudes towards physical culture among children and youth and to prepare them for lifelong care for their body should be a priority.
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