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1

Ultra Groups as Social Space for Leisure

100%
Seabra D.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2017
|
vol. 74
|
issue 1
5-11
2

“I am not too old to play” – The Past, Present and Future of 50 and Over Organized Sport Leagues

100%
Webb E., Stratas A., Karlis G.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2017
|
vol. 74
|
issue 1
12-18
3
Content available remote

Leisure as a Category of Culture, Philosophy and Recreation

100%
Zowisło M.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2010
|
vol. 50
|
issue 1
66-71
EN
When we look at the very origins of human world, civilization in its history and prehistory, we can trace strong evidence of the archaic presence of leisure in human life. It seems striking and meaningful that in fact all that is human streams out from leisure. Leisure occurs to be an arch-human phenomenon. This paper addresses this multidimensional cultural presence and the sense and value of leisure conceived as a source of civilization, symbolic thought, social institutions, habits and practices. The cultural primordiality of leisure is evident when we take into consideration an aboriginal release from total preoccupation with only impulsive and instinctual survival activities that took place in the era of Homo habilis some 2 millions years ago. It is obvious that free time was a great achievement of these evolutionary forms of human beings when we reflect upon the earliest seeds of consciousness expressed in primitive pebble tools. These tools tell us about at least three important messages from our prehistory: that first man must have had some free time to think about given life-troubles and inventing implements; that primitive tools must have been a real help and means for hastening and unburdening a load of work and must have given in effect a small amount of discretionary time to avoid impulsive activity; and last, that primitive tools afterwards became the first material for imaginative aesthetic transformation and gave the first impulse for art. So art was the earliest non-compulsory and non-functional field of free activity and a borderline between the biological and cultural existence of infra-human and human species, the former centered completely and instinctively on just remaining alive and the latter disclosing outdistanced, free and reflective behavior. The next evolutionary steps in development of using free time were religion and philosophy. In religious acts with their ritual practices human beings made holy days of their holidays. Philosophical contemplation gave broad space for autonomous and autotelic thinking and self-fulfilling practices focused on human intellectual and moral self-realization (semi-divine activity and happiness). But the most modern acceleration of exercising leisure is recreation understood as a differential area of physical culture, tourism, play and rest. Leisure occurs to be not only free time after obligatory activities bound up with biological determinants of life and with work are completed, it is also an important social factor (for instance, for the stratification of the levels or classes of society), an existential state of being, a phenomenon of rejuvenation, enjoyment, pastime, pleasure, distraction, indolence, idleness. Leisure appears at last a great challenge for humans to show their own specific and private attitude towards their lives and understanding their own position in the whole world. The authentic leisure is not void time, it is overfilled with creative acts confirming human freedom and capacity for transgressionvirtue, here and now, sentiments
4

Virtual reality and consumer behavior: constraints, negotiation, negotiation-efficacy, and participation in virtual golf

100%
Choi C., Yoo S.-W., Park J., Greenwell T. C.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2020
|
vol. 88
|
issue 1
1-10
5
Content available remote

Comparative Leisure Physical Activity: A Comparison Between Polish and European Population

88%
Biernat E., Piątkowska M.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2013
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vol. 59
|
issue 1
33-41
EN
Introduction and objective: In Poland, there are only a few studies that refer to the whole society’s participation in sport and recreation and that are based an the international questionnaire thus allowing for comparative analysis with other European reports. The aim of the study was to determine the association between leisure physical activity and socio-demographic variables. Methods: A survey based on CAPI was carried out in Poland from October to November 2012. A random sample of Polish adults (N=1,633) was interviewed using the IPAQ-long form. The data were analyzed using standard statistical procedures. Results: More than 21% of Polish subjects did not undertake any physical activity in their leisure time. Of those who were physically active, over 70% engaged in vigorous physical activity; only one in four respondents performed moderate physical activity or walking. The average leisure physical activity of the Poles was 1,916.9 ± 2,621 MET-min/week. A comparison of the current results and European research findings demonstrated that the median physical activity for the Polish population (MET-min/week) was similar to the median values for Czech subjects and Norwegian males and nearly three times higher than Croats. Conclusions: Insufficient participation in the conscious process of caring for one’s health is a common occurrence among adults living in the EU. In order to encourage the Polish population’s participation in physical activities, it is necessary to raise their awareness of the need of well-balanced, regular exercise. Furthermore, this study suggests that caution is warranted before using the CAPI technique to provide the IPAQ-long form survey.
6

Future Drivers of Leisure Time Physical Activity in Iran

88%
Ziaee A., Aghaei N., Saffari M., Zenouz R. Y., van Hilvoorde I.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2020
|
vol. 86
|
issue 1
66-80
7

Serving the Health Care and Leisure Needs of Ethnic Aged in Canada: Implications and Concerns

88%
Karlis G., Stratas A., Locke M., Gravelle F., Arora G.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2018
|
vol. 80
|
issue 1
5-14
8
Content available remote

Sociology of Sport: Conceptual and Topical Issues

75%
Sekot A.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2009
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vol. 47
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issue 1
11-19
EN
This paper is intended to encourage students and readers in general to think more critically about sports and how they are related to contemporary society. We emphasize socialization impacts of sports as well as increasing process of organization, commercialisation, and globalisation of sports. Sports are social constructions and particularly in a form presented in mass media are an integral part of modern way of life. It carries pleasure as well as sadness for millions of people. Sports are institutionalised competitive activities that involve rigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex physical skills by participant motivation, by personal enjoyment and external rewards. Global aspects of contemporary sports are discussed from the point of view of their technological, economical, medial and ideological dimensions.
9
Content available remote

Free Time versus Occupied and Unoccupied Time in a Philosophical Context

75%
Kosiewicz J.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2012
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vol. 55
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issue 1
77-94
EN
In the paper, previous conceptions of free time and the various definitions that are connected with it are challenged. The author assumed that the subject might not have free time at his/her disposal, because that time does not concern the subject at all. The subject did not have free time in the past; the subject can neither shape it in the present nor in the future. Free time does not concern him/her at all, because free time as such does not exist at all. We have only to do with occupied and unoccupied time. The first form of time concerns the past and the present. Future time is not occupied both in that sense that it does not exist yet and that it never exists. Moreover, the author considers the existence, understanding, and possibility of the cognition of time as such. Thus, he rejects various common theories of time. He refers to the Kantian, subjective, “self-related” conception of time and he attempts to strengthen it with the Heideggerian transcendental theory of time. According to the author, it is derived from, among other things, the considerations on being done by some of the ancient philosophers: Anaximander, Pythagoras and his followers, Parmenides, Plato, and Aristotle.
10
Content available remote

Reconstructing Class Sport Practices in Post-Communist Poland

75%
Lenartowicz M., JankowskiC K. W.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2014
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vol. 63
|
issue 1
12-19
EN
The article analyzes the changes in attitude of Poles towards sport and recreational activities as well as their participation in these disciplines between the period before system transformations and the present day. Based on examples from literature and own studies, we have observed that Poles have shown a growing interest in sport and recreational activities. Moreover, social diversity of participants in this field has been noted. Sport disciplines and diverse recreational activities perceived as "bourgeois" during the socialist period are becoming more popular among members of the middle and upper classes as potential attractive and clear markers of social status. Interest in sport, skills, knowledge, and sports equipment and outfit in such disciplines as sailing, horse riding, golf, and hunting are thus becoming distinctive social markers. These factors are adopted in the reconstruction of sports practiced by members of different social classes. The continuity of sport practice was abruptly interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War and the following half-century of socialism
11
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Content available

Riding camp as an active way of spending free time by children and young people = Obóz jeździecki jako aktywny sposób spędzania czasu wolnego przez dzieci i młodzieży

51%
Hadrysiak A., Szark-Eckardt M., Mrozkowiak M., Zukow W.
Journal of Health Sciences
|
2014
|
vol. 4
|
issue 6
87-104
EN
Abstract "The horse is what everyone sees", as defined by a horse in 1746, Father Benedict Chmielowski. However, not everyone knows what makes this beautiful animal plays an invaluable role in physical recreation. Paleontologists analyzed the famous wall drawings in the caves of Pech-Marle suggests that there silhouettes of horses presented testify about the magic powers attributed to them, preventing human illness and assist its life energy. The work aims to raise awareness of people as a huge positive impact horses have on the development of children and adults at all levels of their lives and how much they can do good for them. One of the forms of contact with a horse, ride and "the life of the stable" is riding camp, which describes aspects of the job. In this paper, erected the following objectives: 1) The selection criteria for participants in specific equestrian center. 2) To investigate the involvement and the scheme of work instructors. 3) Determining the organization of free time after the completion of all activities foreseen in the camp. 4) Examine the views of children and young people about riding camps as a means of active rest. 5) Gathering information on the experiences of the respondents after their stay at the camp bonuses. = Streszczenie „Koń jaki jest każdy widzi”, tak zdefiniował konia w 1746 roku ksiądz Benedykt Chmielowski. Jednak, nie każdy wie, co sprawia, że to piękne zwierzę odgrywa nieocenioną rolę w rekreacji ruchowej. Paleontolodzy analizujący słynne naścienne rysunki w jaskiniach Pech-Marle sugerują, że przedstawione tam sylwetki koni świadczą o przypisywanej im magicznej sile, zapobiegającej chorobom człowieka i wspomagającej jego energię życiową. Praca ma na celu uświadomienie ludzi, jak ogromnie pozytywny wpływ mają konie na rozwój dzieci i dorosłych na wszystkich płaszczyznach ich życia i jak wiele mogą dobrego zrobić dla nich. Jedną z form kontaktu z koniem, jazdą i „życiem stajennym” jest obóz jeździecki, którego aspekty opisano w pracy. W niniejszej pracy postawiono następujące cele: 1) Określenie kryteriów wyboru przez uczestników konkretnego ośrodka jeździeckiego. 2) Zbadanie zaangażowania i systematyki pracy instruktorów. 3) Ustalenie organizacji czasu wolnego po ukończeniu wszystkich zajęć przewidzianych w programie obozowym. 4) Zbadanie opinii dzieci i młodzieży na temat obozów jeździeckich jako sposobu aktywnego wypoczynku. 5) Zebranie informacji odnośnie wrażeń ankietowanych po pobycie na obozie jeździeckim.
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