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The Effect of the Amendments of the Public Education Act on the School Activity of Physical Education Teachers

100%
Elbert G.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
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2009
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vol. 46
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issue 1
123-129
EN
As a result of the legal regulations in the period after the 1989-1990 transition, teachers working in public education, in our case physical education teachers, were engaged in several activities which were not directly related to the competence of in-school educational work. Consequently, there has been a shift in their scope of activities. The author of this paper is interested in the experience of physical education teachers during the period. The objective of the paper is to reveal what effects such a comprehensive and permanent change had on the teaching of physical education in schools, and on the life of physical education teachers. In order to investigate the subject of research the analysis of legislative documents, in-depth interviews and the survey method were applied. The results show that in the period after the 1989-1990 transition, the work of teachers was not only hindered by the structural changes in accordance with educational legislation and the permanent amendment of documents, but the lack of consistency in pedagogical work as well. For the teachers taking part in the preparation of curricula, the extension of their activities resulted in a double workload. The decision that marks were replaced with textual evaluation in grade 1 of primary schools was not received positively on the part of physical education teachers. Based on the results it can be concluded that the efficient work of physical education teachers would be greatly assisted by more predictable legislation, which would ensure the possibility of planning in advance. Olympism, Olympic culture, sports education, pedagogy of sport
2
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Limitation of patients’ rights during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland

100%
Piątkowska K., Zimmermann A., Pilarska A.
European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine
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2021
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vol. 4
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issue 1
79-85
EN
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the observance and limitation of patients’ rights all over the world, including Poland. Material and methods: We analysed in detail the Polish legal acts relevant to healthcare in terms of their impact on the patients’ rights. Our analysis is based on the Bill of Patients’ Rights that was in force in Poland before the announcement of the state of epidemic (March 20th 2020). The legal acts were analysed by use of the exegesis of legal texts and comparative legal literature rules. Results: The patients’ right to family life and presence of relatives during the performance of healthcare services and to additional nursing care has been directly limited. Rights that have been limited indirectly include the right to healthcare services (limited by the use of telemedicine) and the right to dignified death and pastoral care (patients often die alone). The limitations also have an indirect impact on the right to confidentiality and respect for privacy and dignity. Conclusions: Our analysis identified limited patients’ rights in Poland without entitlement to pursue claims thereunder.
3
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WPŁYW NOWEJ USTAWY O PRODUKTACH KOSMETYCZNYCH NA POPRAWĘ BEZPIECZEŃSTWA ICH STOSOWANIA

75%
Pilarska A., Zimmermann A. E.
Farmacja Polska
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2020
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vol. 75
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issue 12
698-703
EN
Cosmetic products are one of three categories of products that are associated with purchasing in pharmacies. This is mainly due to the high level of confidence in products bought in pharmacies and personal conviction concerning their safety. In fact, the requirements for cosmetics safety are the same for products sold in pharmacies, as well as in any other places. Frequently patients buying cosmetics in pharmacies have no awareness of the fact, that this category of products is regulated differently from medicinal products. It is crucial for patients, who have doubts about the safety of the products, to be able to obtain the necessary information from the pharmacist especially on how and to whom the adverse reaction should be reported. This study analyses the new act on cosmetic products, which has been enacted on January 1, 2019. It contains provisions that are to be an effective enforcement instrument for entities placing cosmetic products on the market to ensure compliance with the relevant obligations set out in Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30th November 2009 on cosmetic products. Cosmetic products are one of three categories of products that are associated with purchasing in pharmacies. This is mainly due to the high level of confidence in products bought in pharmacies and personal conviction concerning their safety. In fact, the requirements for cosmetics safety are the same for products sold in pharmacies, as well as in any other places. Frequently patients buying cosmetics in pharmacies have no awareness of the fact, that this category of products is regulated differently from medicinal products. It is crucial for patients, who have doubts about the safety of the products, to be able to obtain the necessary information from the pharmacist especially on how and to whom the adverse reaction should be reported. This study analyses the new act on cosmetic products, which has been enacted on January 1, 2019. It contains provisions that are to be an effective enforcement instrument for entities placing cosmetic products on the market to ensure compliance with the relevant obligations set out in Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30th November 2009 on cosmetic products.
PL
Produkty kosmetyczne znajdują się w pierwszej trójce kategorii produktów kojarzonych z zakupami dokonywanymi w aptece. Wynika to przede wszystkim z wysokiego poziomu zaufania do produktów kupowanych w aptece i przekonania, że produkt apteczny jest produktem bezpiecznym. W rzeczywistości wymagania dotyczące bezpieczeństwa kosmetyków są takie same dla produktów sprzedawanych w aptekach, jak i w każdym innym miejscu. Niejednokrotnie pacjenci kupujący kosmetyki w aptece nie mają także świadomości, że ta kategoria produktów uregulowana jest w odmienny sposób od produktów leczniczych, czy wyrobów medycznych. Warto, by w sytuacji, gdy pacjenci mający wątpliwości co do bezpieczeństwa zastosowanego produktu, mogli uzyskać od farmaceuty informacje, w jaki sposób i do kogo należy zgłosić działanie niepożądane kosmetyku. Niniejsze opracowanie analizuje nową ustawę o produktach kosmetycznych, która weszła w życie 1 stycznia 2019 r. Zawiera ona zapisy, które mają stanowić narzędzie do skutecznego egzekwowania od podmiotów wprowadzających produkty kosmetyczne do obrotu, przestrzegania przepisów Rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (WE) nr 1223/2009 z 30 listopada 2009 r. dotyczącego produktów kosmetycznych.
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Przepisy dotyczące zwalczania zagrożeń epidemicznych w Polsce a pandemia COVID-19 – przegląd i ocena wdrażanych rozwiązań

75%
Alcer K. A., Anita Błachut A. B., Romaniuk P.
Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
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2023
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issue 77
43-50
EN
The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on the functioning of the entire world, and the consequences of this event are still visible in various aspects of the functioning of countries. As a countermeasure against such a crisis, Poland implemented regulations to help combat the negative effects or minimize them. The aim of the study is to evaluate the anti-epidemic regulations and their changes during the pandemic. The acts were reviewed by means of the Internet System of Legal Acts (Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych – ISAP) and the Public Information Bulletin (Biuletyn Informacji Publicznej – BIP) database. The anti-epidemic regulations in Poland propose solutions that may help in counteracting a pandemic both in the sphere directly related to medical aspects, as well as social and entrepreneurial or economic aspects. However, the analysis of relevant regulations and literature revealed a large mismatch between the existing regulations and the actual needs related to real epidemiological phenomena. The first weeks of the pandemic, especially in the area of applying these standards, revealed a great deal of chaos. The standards introduced during the pandemic were also characterised by a number of inaccuracies and ambiguities. An attempt should be made to create a more coordinated plan for an eventual subsequent pandemic and an evaluation of the rules for other emergencies should be undertaken to avoid the mistakes and chaos witnessed in the COVID-19 pandemic.
PL
Pandemia COVID-19 miała duży wpływ na funkcjonowanie całego świata, a konsekwencje tego wydarzenia w dalszym ciągu są widoczne w różnych dziedzinach funkcjonowania państw. W ramach walki z zaistniałym kryzysem Polska wdrożyła regulacje prawne mające pomóc zwalczać negatywne skutki epidemii bądź je minimalizować. Celem pracy jest ocena regulacji dotyczących zwalczania zagrożeń epidemicznych oraz ich zmian w czasie pandemii. Przeglądu ustaw dokonano na podstawie Internetowego Systemu Aktów Prawnych (ISAP) oraz Biuletynu Informacji Publicznej (BIP). Przepisy odnoszące się do zwalczania zagrożeń epidemicznych w Polsce proponują rozwiązania mogące po-móc w przeciwdziałaniu pandemii zarówno w sferze bezpośrednio związanej z kwestiami medycznymi, jak i społecznymi czy ekonomicznymi. Analiza obowiązujących regulacji oraz piśmiennictwa ujawniła jednak pro-blem niedopasowania istniejących przepisów do faktycznych potrzeb związanych z realnymi zjawiskami epi-demiologicznymi, a pierwsze tygodnie pandemii, szczególnie jeśli chodzi o stosowanie tych norm, uwidoczniły duży chaos. Regulacje wprowadzane już w czasie pandemii również cechowały się szeregiem nieścisłości i niejasności. Należy podjąć próbę stworzenia lepiej skoordynowanego planu na wypadek kolejnej pandemii oraz przeprowadzić ewaluację przepisów w razie innych sytuacji kryzysowych, aby uniknąć błędów i chaosu widocznego przy COVID-19.
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