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Ictal Forced Repetitive Swearing in Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Case report and review of the literature

100%

Dolatshahi M., Yankovsky A.

2014

vol. 22

issue 2

113-119

Introduction. Dominant presentation of ictal forced repetitive swearing has been rarely addressed and could be misdiagnosed. Case report. We report a 45-year-old man with a long history of right frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) who developed forced repetitive swearing during hypermotor seizures. His seizures were refractory to different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Scalp video-EEG telemetry suggested a right frontal epileptic focus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in the right mesial frontal lobe. Intracranial implantation with video-EEG recordings confirmed seizures originating from the MRI lesion. Patient underwent right frontal lobe resection followed by seizure freedom in the last five years on a single AED. Neuropathology confirmed FCD type IIB. Discussion. The following aspects of the case are discussed: FLE and ictal vocalization, swearing, FLE and aggression. We emphasize the differences among ictal vocalisation, verbal automatism and ictal speech. We propose that ictal swearing might fit a verbal automatism definition. Conclusion. Ictal forced repetitive swearing can be a manifestation of hypermotor seizures in FLE and should not be misdiagnosed.

Step Aerobics and Rhythm of Movement of the Upper and Lower Limbs

100%

Milewska J., Jaroszczuk S., Rutkowska-Kucharska A.

Human Movement

2013

vol. 14

issue 1

70-75

Purpose. The aim of this investigation was to look for relationships between the repeatability of forces generated during the movement rhythm present in step aerobics and the movement to a rhythm by the upper and lower limbs alone. As step aerobics requires the symmetric involvement of both the upper and lower limbs, it appears to be important to examine whether a relationship exists between repeatability of a rhythm and a repeatability of forces generated when moving to a rhythm. As step aerobics is considered an endurance activity, the repeatability of the force reproduced by the lower limb muscles may be important in the prevention of injury. Methods. The study involved using a mock step bench which consisted of two Kistler force plates. The 29 female subjects of the study executed two motor tasks. The first task was hitting the plate with the dominant and the non-dominant upper and lower limb to a musical rhythm. The second task consisted in performing the basic step of step aerobics on the bench. The rhythm in both tasks was dictated by the beat of a metronome. Results. No statistically significant differences were found between respectability of producing a rhythm by the dominant and non-dominant upper and lower limbs. No correlation was found between the rhythm reproduction error of the limbs and the accuracy of moving to a rhythm during the step aerobics task. This second task was characterized by a high repeatability of the generated forces and a high variability in following a musical rhythm. Conclusions. Body mass does not influence the force generated during rhythm reproduction with the upper and lower limbs. During step walking, the study participants were characterized with a high repeatability of generated force and also by a high variability in following a musical rhythm.

Praxis and language organization in left-handers

75%

Króliczak G., Piper B. J., Potok W., Buchwald M., Kleka P., Przybylski Ł., Styrkowiec P. P.

Acta Neuropsychologica

2020

vol. 18(1)

15-28

The performance of learned manual gestures (praxis) and the production of speech are thought to depend on related neural processes. If this relationship is not invoked by an unknown, third variable then shifts in their laterality, including dissociations of these two functions, would be unlikely unless the sharing of some neural resources with other functions is advantageous. This could be the case in lefthanders, in whom actions requiring manual precision are controlled by their right hemispheres, and whose representations could attract the control of skilled gesture. Functional neuroimaging (fMRI) was used to study praxis and language functions. Their lateralization indices were measured in 56 consecutively tested lefthanders (28 females), with the mean age of 23.3±4.9 years (range 18.4 – 47 years), and an Edinburgh Handedness Inventory quotient between –100 and –55.6 (with the mean of –83.8±14.2). We show that atypical, bilateral organization or right-lateralization of praxis is more common than atypical organization/lateralization of language, observed, respectively, in 23 (41%) vs. 15 (26.8%) of cases. Specifically, we found: (a) seven cases (12.5%) of clear, and an additional three cases (5.4%) of less pronounced dissociations of atypically represented praxis from typically represented language; (b) 13 cases (23.2%) with atypically organized praxis also associated with atypically organized language, and (c) only two cases (3.6%) of rather strongly atypical lateralization of language, yet with quite typical lateralization of praxis. These outcomes are consistent with an idea that, in some lefthanders, the guidance of skilled manual actions can profit from tighter links with the right hemisphere, whose motor specialization is linked in this particular population to manual precision, but in general to attentional resources, visuo-spatial processing and even bimanual coordination. Because of the presumed links of praxis with productive language, such transfers are often, and unsurprisingly accompanied by the reorganization of the latter. Yet, the very rare cases of reversed language functions, without any pronounced shifts in representations of praxis, indicate that such a pattern of segregation – or inverse dissociation – of these two functions could be maladaptive.

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1 Acta Neuropsychologica

1 Human Movement

1 Journal of Epileptology

1 2020

1 2014

1 2013

1 Buchwald M.

1 Dolatshahi M.

1 Jaroszczuk S.

1 Kleka P.

1 Króliczak G.

1 Milewska J.

1 Piper B. J.

1 Potok W.

1 Przybylski Ł.

1 Rutkowska-Kucharska A.

1 Styrkowiec P. P.

1 Yankovsky A.

Search results

Ictal Forced Repetitive Swearing in Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Case report and review of the literature

Step Aerobics and Rhythm of Movement of the Upper and Lower Limbs

Praxis and language organization in left-handers