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Thermoacoustic imaging of human finger joints and bones

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EN
In this study, we explore a new application of thermoacoustic tomography (TAT) for imaging human finger joints and bones. Three volunteers’ finger joints and bones were visualized with satisfying image contrast and spatial resolution by a TAT scanner. The recovered TAT images revealed apparent microwave absorption differences between the joint cavity and bone. Beyond the full single finger imaging, a volunteer’s four fingers were clearly and concurrently imaged. To confirm our observations, MRI images of two volunteers’ fingers were performed, and the TAT recovered shape/size of the fingers were consistent with the MRI findings. To further assess the feasibility of TAT for finger joint and bone imaging, we quantitatively calculated the conductivity of a case. This initial study suggests that TAT may be a good candidate for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring treatment of joint and bone diseases.
EN
Knuckle pads are rare harmless subcutaneous nodules that must be differentiated from joint disease of the proximal interphalangeal or rarely of the metacarpophalangeal joints as well as from other masses of the paraarticular tissues. We present a case of an otherwise healthy 36-year-old woman presenting with bilateral knuckle pads located at the dorsal aspect of the proximal interphalangeal joints. No predisposition to a specific musculoskeletal disorder was noted. Ultrasound revealed well-delimited subcutaneous hypoechoic masses without internal flow signals at color Doppler. Histology showed proliferation of myofibroblasts with a decrease of elastic filaments in the deep dermis. The clinical picture, the family history in addition to the histology allowed us to make the diagnosis of knuckle pads. We present the ultrasound findings of knuckle pads and discuss the differential diagnosis of a “swelling” in the dorsal region of proximal interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints.
PL
Palce poduszeczkowate (knuckle pads), potocznie zwane guzkami kłykciowymi, są rzadkimi i łagodnymi zmianami podskórnymi, które należy różnicować z chorobą stawu międzypaliczkowego bliższego i, rzadziej, stawu śródręczno‑paliczkowego,a także z innymi masami/zmianami okołostawowymi. Prezentujemy przypadek 36‑letniej zdrowej kobiety, u której stwierdzono obustronne guzki zlokalizowane po stronie grzbietowej stawów międzypaliczkowych bliższych. Badanie ultrasonograficzne wykazało wyraźnie odgraniczone, hipoechogeniczne guzki zlokalizowane podskórnie, bez cech obecności nieprawidłowego unaczynienia w badaniu kolorowym dopplerem. W badaniu histopatologicznym ujawniono proliferację miofibroblastów oraz zmniejszenie liczby włókien elastycznych w głębokich warstwach skóry właściwej. Obraz kliniczny, wywiad rodzinny oraz badania histologiczne pomogły w ustaleniu rozpoznania. W artykule przedstawiamy ultrasonograficzny obraz palców poduszeczkowatych oraz diagnostykę różnicową pogrubienia tkanek miękkich okolicy grzbietowej stawów międzypaliczkowego bliższego i śródręczno‑paliczkowego.
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