Introduction. The current knowledge of significance of some neurobiological and clinical variables for the development of cognitive deterioration in patients with epilepsy remains sparse and controversial. Aim. The current study has been carried out in order to elucidate the role of handedness in terms of influence on cognitive processing and intelligence in patients with epilepsy. Material and methods. One hundred and thirty two patients (62 males, 70 females, aged 27.8 ± 8.9 years) with epilepsy participated in the study. Patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 112 patients that were characterized by intelligence and cognitive impairment while the second group (20 patients) had no mental deterioration and was regarded as controls. The two diagnostic categories accorded with ICD-10 criteria. The diagnosis of Dementia (F-02.8) was confirmed in 54 patients, while the diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (F-06.7) was confirmed in 58 patients. Results. Our results show that the level of left-handers among patients with cognitive Impairment achieved 14.2%, whilst in the group without cognitive deterioration there were no left-handers, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.051). An analysis of possible influence of motor lateralization on degree of cognitive deterioration, revealed that left-handedness determines the higher degrees of intelligence deterioration compared with right-handedness (χ2 = 6.64; p < 0,05). These data were confirmed by use of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) tests, and all left-handed epilepsy patients achieved lower scores on MMSE, total WAIS, as well as verbal and nonverbal WAIS scores. Conclusion. Our data confirm a role of some neurobiological variables, with emphasis on cerebral motor lateralization, in their influence upon intelligence level and cognitive deterioration in epilepsy. These data may be used for predictive purposes of intelligence assessment in patients with epilepsy.
“Emotional intelligence” is a relatively new term that leads to ambiguous associations connotations. Apart together with from “intelligence quotient” (IQ) emotional intelligence attracts gains more and more interest of the scientific society. According to the recent studies precisely emotional intelligence is the key factor that contributes to about 80% of all success stories, compared to IQ that contributes only to approximately 20%. Success refers here not only to professional matters, but also to everyday interpersonal relations or mental health. Strictly academic deliberation of intelligence concept reveals that ability of handling emotions has bigger influence on human life than language, mathematical or analytical skills, that used to be considered key success factors historically. It has been accepted that not only intellect and ability of handling difficult situations, but also his or her personal and social capacity, way of experiencing the world and determining life goals is responsible for human’s performance. This conclusion led researchers into further investigations that resulted in formulating the idea of emotional intelligence. The aim of this article is to investigate the evolution, understand the genesis and structure of the emotional intelligence concept. Scope of this article includes a chronological analysis of development of this psychological concept, study of competing theories explaining the role and meaning of emotional intelligence and overview of available researches related to emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is continuously raising contentions and debates among the scientific society. The debate about emotional intelligence is ongoing and is a specific catalyst of changes in understanding of emotional intelligence concept. This study tries to approach and understand the phenomenon that emotional intelligence has been lately.
PL
„Inteligencja emocjonalna” to nowe pojęcie wywołujące niejasne skojarzenia. Obok „ilorazu inteligencji” cieszy się ono coraz większym zainteresowaniem badaczy. Według najnowszych badań to właśnie inteligencja emocjonalna przyczynia się w około 80% do sukcesu, podczas gdy iloraz inteligencji tylko w 20%. Sukces nie oznacza tu tylko spraw zawodowych, lecz także codzienne relacje interpersonalne czy zdrowie psychiczne jednostki. Rozważając koncepcję inteligencji w rozumieniu akademickim, okazało się, że na jakość życia jednostki większy wpływ ma umiejętność radzenia sobie z emocjami niż zdolności językowe, matematyczne czy logiczne, które kiedyś całkowicie prognozowały sukces. Przyjęto, że na funkcjonowanie człowieka i jego zdolności radzenia sobie z sytuacjami trudnymi składa się nie tylko intelekt, lecz także jego kompetencje osobiste i społeczne oraz sposób przeżywania świata i wyznaczone cele życiowe. Wniosek ten skłonił badaczy do poszukiwań, których efektem jest powstanie pojęcia inteligencji emocjonalnej. Celem niniejszej pracy jest prześledzenie historii rozwoju pojęcia inteligencji emocjonalnej, poznanie jego genezy i struktury. Chronologicznie przedstawiono ewolucję myśli psychologicznej, konkurencyjne teorie wyjaśniające rolę i znaczenie pojęcia inteligencji emocjonalnej oraz przegląd badań na jego temat. Inteligencja emocjonalna jest tematem, który stale budzi kontrowersje i dyskusje badaczy. Polemika wokół inteligencji emocjonalnej pozostaje wciąż żywa i jest swoistym katalizatorem zmian zachodzących w jej rozumieniu. Praca jest próbą przybliżenia i zrozumienia fenomenu, jakim w ostatnim czasie stała się inteligencja emocjonalna.
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