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The Impact of Immediate Verbal Feedback on the Improvement of Swimming Technique

100%
Zatoń K., Szczepan S.
Journal of Human Kinetics
|
2014
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vol. 41
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issue 1
143-154
EN
The present research attempts to ascertain the impact of immediate verbal feedback (IVF) on modifications of stroke length (SL). In all swimming styles, stroke length is considered an essential kinematic parameter of the swimming cycle. It is important for swimming mechanics and energetics. If SL shortens while the stroke rate (SR) remains unchanged or decreases, the temporal-spatial structure of swimming is considered erroneous. It results in a lower swimming velocity. Our research included 64 subjects, who were divided into two groups: the experimental - E (n=32) and the control - C (n=32) groups. A pretest and a post-test were conducted. The subjects swam the front crawl over the test distance of 25m at Vmax. Only the E group subjects were provided with IVF aiming to increase their SL. All tests were filmed by two cameras (50 samples•s-1). The kinematic parameters of the swimming cycle were analyzed using the SIMI Reality Motion Systems 2D software (SIMI Reality Motion Systems 2D GmbH, Germany). The movement analysis allowed to determine the average horizontal swimming velocity over 15 meters. The repeated measures analysis of variance ANOVA with a post-hoc Tukey range test demonstrated statistically significant (p<0.05) differences between the two groups in terms of SL and swimming velocity. IVF brought about a 6.93% (Simi method) and a 5.09% (Hay method) increase in SL, as well as a 2.92% increase in swimming velocity.
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The Effect of Immediate Verbal Feedback on the Efficiency and the Effectiveness of Swimming

88%
Zatoń K., Szczepan S.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
|
2012
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vol. 4
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issue 2
91-103
EN
Background: The aim of this study was to determine differences in stroke length and swimming time over a distance of 25m in a control and an experimental group from the provision of immediate verbal feedback.Material/Methods: The study involved 10 people practicing swimming. They were divided into an experimental and a control group. The subjects performed four trials, swimming the front crawl technique at the distance of 25 meters with a maximum speed. A specially designed research tool enabled the swimmers to obtain immediate verbal feedback during the test. In the control group no immediate verbal feedback was provided. In the experimental group the immediate verbal feedback was provided for the whole duration of swimming.Results: In the experimental group the average swimming stroke length with the front crawl technique has increased by 2.63% and the average swimming time decreased by 4.34% through the provision of immediate verbal feedback.Conclusions: In the experimental group, which obtained immediate verbal feedback, an increase in the average stroke length and a reduction in the average swimming time at the distance of 25m were observed.
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