Search results

1

Influence of Long-Lasting Balancing on Unstable Surface on Changes in Balance

100%

Tchórzewski D., Jaworski J., Bujas P.

Human Movement

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2010

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vol. 11

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issue 2

144-152

EN

Purpose. The goal of this thesis is to test the qualification of changes in balance as the effect of long-lasting balancing on a movable platform alternately in sagittal and frontal planes. It was expected to find answers to the following problems: 1. Does the effort caused by a 10-minute balancing in the given planes and in the given pattern have an influence on dynamic balance parameters? 2. Till which moment are the subjects able to improve their balancing skills in the given planes? 3. Do the possible changes progress in the same way in both planes considered? Basic procedures. 28 men aged between 24.3 and 33.8 years took part in this test. Average age of the subjects was 25.2 years. The tests were made on EasyTech Balance Platform. Tests consisted of a trial of balancing in a standing position with feet placed parallel on the platform. The subjects' task was to operate the platform through the right feet pressure to make the same sinusoid line as the pattern was. A ten-minute trial was made alternately in the sagittal and frontal planes. Individual dynamic parameters were recorded each minute of the test. Main findings. Significant improvement was noted in the first three minutes of the test. Between the 4th and 7th minutes parameters were relatively stable. The best results were recorded in the 8th minute of the test and this level was kept till the end of the trial. The character of the observed changes was analogous in the case of both planes. Conclusions. There was a statistically significant improvement in the dynamic body's stability noted in both planes in the test. Best results were recorded in the 8th minute of the test. The test used in the trial was long enough to establish the borderline between motor learning and the beginning of tiredness. The higher level of stability in the sagittal plane was affirmed in all successive minutes of the trials made.

2

The Effect of Acute Creatine Supplementation on Fatigue and Anaerobic Performance

100%

Ateş O., Keskin B., Bayraktar B.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2017

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vol. 19

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issue 3

85-92

EN

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of acute creatine monohydrate supplementation on fatigue and anaerobic performance. Thirty young soccer players participated in this study. Participants continued their training without taking any food supplements for 5 days, taking 0.3 g of milk dust per kg for 5 days and using 0.3 g creatine monohydrate per kg for 5 days. A total of 6 × 35 m sprint times were used in the fatigue index with a 10-second rest period between them. Single repeated sprint times of 35 m were examined as well. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found both fatigue index and single repeated 35 m sprint time after creatine supplementation. However there was not a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in Rast Test results. In soccer, it is known that there is a strong positive correlation between game performance and the number of repeated sprint numbers in a game. In conclusion, there was a statistically significant effect of 0.3 g of acute creatine loading per kg over 5 days on the single repeated sprints and fatigue index values. The creatine monohydrate can be used as an ergogenic aid for recovery periods between high-intensity exercises to affect performance.

3

Pomiar zmęczenia – przegląd narzędzi

100%

Kulik A.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

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2013

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vol. XVIII

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issue 4

419-440

EN

Chronic fatigue is a common symptom but a small investigated. Scientific interests of this problem increased significantly during the last two decades. The same a large number of instruments have been developed to measure chronic fatigue. The aim of this article is to present a review of fatigue measures. These are divided in three groups: scales for healthy people, scales for people with chronic fatigue syndrome, scales for patients with other chronic diseases. Each scale is described in followed aspects: structure, way of answering, interpretation, utility, modification and psychometric properties.

4

Changes in fatigue and physical function following laparoscopic colonic surgery

100%

Jensen M. B., Nørager C. B., Sommer T., Madsen M. R., Laurberg S.

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vol. 86

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issue 2

82-88

EN

The aim of the study was to describe changes in postoperative fatigue, quality of life, physical performance, and body composition in patients undergoing laparoscopic colonic cancer surgery. Material and methods. In a follow-up study from 2009-2011 at two regional hospitals in Denmark we examined 62 patients having a right hemicolectomy ora sigmoid resection performed. The main outcome measures were fatigue level subjectively scored from 1 (“fit”) to 10 (“fatigued”) on a modified visual analogue scale and by objective measurements of hand grip and knee extension strength, work capacity, weight, and lean body mass. Quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire and pain using an ordinal scale. Patients were examined preoperatively, 1-2 and 4 weeks postoperatively. Results. Eight patients (13%) were converted to open surgery and the median bleeding (95% confidence interval of the median) was 75 (50-100) ml. One to two weeks after surgery the fatigue level and pain when moving had increased significantly (p=0.0011 and p=0.0002 respectively) and the SF-36 physical component quality of life score decreased (p<0.0001) when compared to preoperatively. However, at 4 weeks postoperatively fatigue level, pain, and quality of life scores were at the preoperative level. There were no significant changes from preoperatively to postoperatively in any of the measures of physical performance, whereas there was a slight reduction in weight and lean body mass after the operation. Conclusions. Laparoscopic colonic cancer surgery was associated with a short lasting increased fatigue and pain and reduced quality of life, but no significant reduction in physical performance after surgery.

5

Post-Exercise Decrease in Handgrip Force Following a Single Training Session in Male and Female Climbers

100%

Gajewski J., Jarosiewicz B.

Human Movement

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2008

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vol. 9

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issue 2

121-123

EN

Purpose. The purpose of the study was to reveal a possible relationship between maximal gripping force and climbing ability as well as to compare a decrease in handgrip force caused by training session in male and female climbers. Basic procedures. Seventy-four climbers (49 males and 25 females) took part in a climbing session on artificial wall. Grip force of both hands was measured twice - before and after the training session. Main findings. The subjects self-reported their climbing abilities in a quantitative Australian scale. In both groups, climbing ability correlated with handgrip force related to body mass. Relative force significantly decreased (F1,72 = 53.2, p < 0.001) post-exercise from 6.83 ± 1.16 to 5.96 ± 1.18 N/kg in males and from 5.43 ± 0.91 to 4.94 ± 0.84 N/kg in females. The decrease was significantly greater in male climbers (F1,72 = 4.11, p < 0.05). Conclusions. Less decrease in strength postclimbing in female can positively affect their climbing ability and compensate lower relative handgrip strength. Women should draw more attention to maximal strength training while men to climbing technique and endurance.

6

An Efficient Method of Key-Frame Extraction Based on a Cluster Algorithm

100%

Moir G. L., Graham B. W., Davis S. E., Guers J. J., Witmer C. A.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2013

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vol. 39

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issue 1

15-23

EN

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of different configurations of repetitions within a set of deadlifts on the mechanical variables of concentric force, concentric time under tension, impulse, work, power, and fatigue. Eleven resistance trained men (age: 21.9 ± 1.0 years; deadlift 1 repetition maximum: 183.2 ± 38.3 kg) performed four repetitions of the deadlift exercise with a load equivalent to 90% of 1 repetition maximum under three different set configurations: Traditional (continuous repetitions); Doubles cluster (repetitions 1 and 2, and 3 and 4 performed continuously with a 30 s rest inserted between repetitions 2 and 3); Singles cluster (30 s rest provided between repetitions). The order of the sessions was counterbalanced across the subjects and the mechanical variables were calculated during each repetition from the synchronized signals recorded from force platforms and a motion analysis system. Relative to the Traditional set, the insertion of rest periods in the cluster set configurations resulted in greater time under tension (p < 0.001) and therefore, greater impulse (p < 0.001) during the repetitions. Reductions in power were observed during the cluster sets compared to the Traditional set (p = 0.001). The Doubles cluster set resulted in greater fatigue scores for power compared to the Traditional set (p = 0.04). The influence of cluster sets on mechanical variables appears to be mediated by the mechanical characteristics of the exercise (i.e. stretch-shortening cycle) and the competing physiological mechanisms of fatigue and potentiation.

7

The Role of Situational Variables in Analysing Physical Performance in Soccer

100%

Lago-Peñas C.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 35

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issue 1

89-95

EN

Performance analysis in sport is used to investigate the performance of teams and players across different sports. Research within this area, especially when focussing on the determinants of success, has grown rapidly in the last few years. During this time, the role of a new concept, ‘situational variables’ has emerged. This term includes the different game and situational conditions that may influence performance at a behavioural level. Given that soccer is dominated by strategic factors, it is reasonable to suggest that situational variables of match status (i.e. whether the team is winning, losing or drawing), quality of opposition (strong or weak), and match location (i.e. playing at home or away) may somehow influence the teams´ and players´ activities. These situational variables need to be analyzed in depth to understand their influence in team sports. The aim of this article was to examine the independent and interactive effects of situational variables on physical performance in elite soccer. The view that professional soccer players regulate their physical efforts according to the specific demands of individual matches and periods of the game is offered. In support of this argument results from recent studies are presented. Implications of this perspective for match analyst and coaches for evaluating performance are also considered.

8

Effects of Accelerated Breathing On Postural Stability

100%

Kuczyński M., Wieloch M.

Human Movement

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2008

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vol. 9

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issue 2

107-110

EN

Purpose. The aim of the paper was to determine the effect of respiration on body balance in quiet standing. Basic procedures. Postural performance during quiet standing was compared in 37 young healthy subjects in two trials on a force plate: first with natural breathing, and then with accelerated high-volume breathing at the rate of 1 Hz. Each trial included 20 s quiet standing with eyes open, and the center of pressure (COP) was recorded with the sampling rate of 20 Hz in both anterior-posterior (AP) and mediallateral (ML) planes. Based on the recorded signals the COP dispersion measures and postural frequency were calculated. Main findings. The forced respiration contributed significantly to the increase in all COP stability measures in the AP plane: dispersion (p < 0.01), range (p < 0.001) and mean velocity and frequency (p < 0.00001). In the ML plane only mean velocity (p < 0.001) and frequency (p < 0.01) were affected. Conclusions. In view of the evidence provided by other authors that stress tests increase the amplitude- and frequency-based stability measures, our results indicate that the contribution of natural accelerated breathing after strenuous physical exercise will bias the results of stabilographic studies, rendering them worthless in understanding the role of neuromuscular fatigue in stability deterioration. Such studies must use data collected after the respiration returns to normal rate. However, if the study aims at overall assessment of postural stability post-fatigue, the postural testing may be performed immediately after the stress test.

9

The Effect of Fatigue on Kicking Velocity in Soccer Players

100%

Ferraz R., Van Den Tillaar R., Marques M. C.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 35

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issue 1

97-107

EN

Soccer is a game in which fatigue can negatively influence players’ performance. Few studies have examined the practical effects of fatigue on soccer performance skills. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of fatigue, acutely induced by means of a soccer specific circuit on ball velocity. Ten amateur soccer players (age 27.3 ± 5.25 yr; experience 16,8 ± 6.05 yr; level secondary division; body height 1,80 m ± 0,06; body mass 75,7 kg ± 5,78), participated in this study and performed maximal instep kicks before and after the implementation of an intensive, intermittent and repeated exercise protocol. Analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated a significant decrease (p<0.05) in ball velocity after just one round of the fatigue circuit. However, after the third circuit ball velocity increased and after the fifth circuit maximal ball velocity increased yet again (compared to the second circuit) and was not significantly different from before commencement of the fatigue protocol. The results partly confirmed the hypothesis of the negative influence of fatigue upon ball velocity in soccer kicking, demonstrating also some variability in the presented values of ball velocity perhaps theoretically accounted for by the general governor model.

10

An Interaction between Exercise Order and Rest Interval during Lower-Body Resistance Exercise

100%

Arazi H., Mirzaei B., Sangdevini M., Abadi M.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2012

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vol. 4

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issue 2

77-83

EN

Background: The purpose of the present study was to compare the influence of two- and five-minute rest intervals on the number of repetitions per set and total repetitions per exercise for a lower-body workout performed in 2 different sequences.Material/Methods: 12 resistance trained men completed 4 experimental resistance exercise sessions. All sessions consisted of 3 sets with a 10-repetition maximum load for 4 lower-body exercises. Two different exercise sequences (i.e., A or B) were performed with either 2- or 5- minute rest between the sets and the exercises, respectively. The order of exercises for sequence A2 (SEQA2) and sequence A5 (SEQA5) was squat, leg curl, leg extension, and calf raise with 2- and 5-minute rest intervals between the sets and the exercises respectively. Conversely, for sequence B2 (SEQB2) and sequence B5 (SEQB5), the exercises were performed in the opposite order.Results: The results demonstrated a significant decrease from set 1 to set 2 in 3 exercises for SEQA2 and 2 exercises for SEQB2; from set 1 to set 3 in all exercises for SEQA2 and SEQB2, 3 exercises for SEQA5, and 2 exercises for SEQB5; and from set 2 to set 3 in 3 exercises for SEQA2, 2 exercises for SEQB2, and 1 exercise for SEQB5 (p<0.05). In addition, the total number of completed repetitions was significantly different (p<0.05) between sequences for squat (SEQA5 > SEQA2 > SEQB5 > SEQB2), leg curl (SEQA5 = SEQB5 > SEQA2 = SEQB2), leg extension (SEQA5 = SEQB5 = SEQB2 > ASEQA2), and calf raise (SEQB5 > SEQB2 = SEQA5 > SEQA2).Conclusions: The results indicate that during a lower-body workout reductions in the number of repetitions are greater for exercises performed at the end of the sequences, and the influence of the different rest interval lengths may depend on the position of the exercise in a sequence.

11

The Effect of Immediate Post-Training Active and Passive Recovery Interventions on Anaerobic Performance and Lower Limb Flexibility in Professional Soccer Players

100%

Rey E., Lago-Peñas C., Casáis L., Lago-Ballesteros J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 31

121-129

EN

The capacity to recover from intense training, competition and matches is considered an important determinant in soccer performance. At present, there is no consensus on the effect of post-training recovery interventions on subsequent training session. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of active (12 min submaximal running and 8 min of static stretching) and passive recovery (20 min sitting on a bench) interventions performed immediately after a training session on anaerobic performances (CMJ, 20 m sprint and Balsom agility test) and lower limb flexibility 24 h after the training. During two experimental sessions, 31 professional soccer players participated in a randomized fully controlled trial design. The first session was designed to evaluate the player's anaerobic performances and lower limb flexibility (pretest). After baseline measurements, participants performed a standardized soccer training during which heart rate and RPE were recorded to evaluate the training load. At the end of the training unit all players were randomly assigned to the active recovery group and the passive recovery group. A second experimental session was organized to obtain the posttest values. Players performed the same test, administered in the same order than in the first trial. No significant differences between groups were observed in heart rate and RPE. No significant effect due to recovery interventions was found on lower limb flexibility and anaerobic performances except CMJ that posttest value was significantly greater in the active recovery group than in the passive group (p < 0.05).

12

Fatigue Characteristics of Laser Welded DC06EK and DP600MC Steel Sheets

100%

Mihaliková M., Lišková A., Hagarová M., Cervová J.

Acta Physica Polonica A

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2017

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vol. 131

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issue 5

1347-1350

EN

Welding of different types of steel is fundamental proces for the production of car bodies. Fatigue degradation is still a significant factor in long-term use. Current trends welding and combinations of different types of steel are used. The specific form of the course of fatigue in the welded joints is followed. Test samples loaded fatigue tests, microscopic and scanning electron microscopy analysis of welded joints of steel type IF (DC06EK) and DP (DP600MC) are done. The resulting values of endurance tests are graphically processed by the Wöhler curve.

13

Casting pore characterization by X-ray computed tomography and metallography

89%

Fintová S., Anzelotti G., Konečná R., Nicoletto G., Fintová S., Anzelotti G., Konečná R., Nicoletto G.

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2010

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vol. 57

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issue 3

14

EVIDENCE FOR THE INVALIDITY OF THE WINGATE TEST FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF PEAK POWER, POWER DECREMENT AND MUSCULAR FATIGUE

88%

Robergs R. A., Kennedy D., Gibson A. L., Zuhl M., Hsu H.-S., Beam J., Salgado R. M., White A. C., Majumdar A., Lawson S., Estrada E., Sierra G.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2015

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vol. 10

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issue 2

63-78

EN

We hypothesized that the protocol-induced initial cadence of the WAnT is too high to allow high muscle force production and peak power generation. Twenty endurance, strength or power trained subjects (9 male, 11 female) completed two 30 s maximal exertion stationary cycle ergometer tests involving the traditional peak cadence start (TRAD) vs. a stationary start (STAT). Inertia corrected mechanical power, cadence, EMG from the vastus lateralis, and applied force to the pedals were measured continuously throughout both tests. Peak power was higher during TRAD; 11.32 ±1.41 vs. 10.40 ±1.35 Watts/kg (p < 0.0001), as was peak cadence; 171.4 ±16.3 vs. 120.9 ±15.1 rev/min (p < 0.0001). However, during TRAD EMG root mean squared (rms) increased continuously throughout the test, force applied to the pedals increased from 1 to 3 s (0.73 ±0.27 vs. 0.90 ±0.39 N/kg; p = 0.02) and thereafter remained relatively stable. EMG mean frequency also increased from 1 to 3 s, but then decreased throughout the remainder of the test. During TRAD, mechanical power decreased near immediately despite increasing EMG rms, EMGmean frequency and force application to the pedals. The initial 10 s of data from the WAnT is invalid. We recommend that intense cycle ergometer testing should commence with a stationary start.

15

The impact of firefighter fatigue on the quality of chest compressions during resuscitation

88%

Gryz P., Kowalski J., Leszczyński P. K., Miftadinow M., Szubińska K.

Critical Care Innovations

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2023

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vol. 6

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issue 4

1-10

EN

INTRODUCTION: The effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation depends primarily on the actions taken at the scene. Firefighters are often the first ones to help the injured. The quality of their rescue efforts in such case determines the subsequent prognosis for the patient. Nevertheless, the tasks of firefighters also involve activities associated with a lot of physical activity, which can cause them to lose strength faster during CPR. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of fatigue on the quality of CPR performed by firefighters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 100 firefighters of volunteer firefighting units in the Siedlce poviat in Poland. The study was divided into three stages: I - performing chest compressions in a timed regime, II - subjecting the study group to uniform physical activity, III - reassessing the quality of chest compressions. The effectiveness of CPR was analyzed using a computer system and a professional training model. To analyze the variables, the normality of the distribution was determined using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and then the non-parametric test for uncorrelated variables Mann-Whitney U was used. Correlations were tested using the r-Pearson test at p<0.05 significance. RESULTS: The study group consisted of 93 men and 7 women, with a mean age of M=30.84 (SD ± 10.95). The respondents mostly had secondary education (42%) and vocational education (24%), with the majority (54%) declaring their marital status as single. Firefighters with varying ranks, including commanders, chiefs and presidents, participated in the study. The overall quality of chest compressions was lower each time after physical activity, at each analyzed minute of stage I and stage III (minute 1: 84.56% vs. 81.68%, p=0.281; minute 2: 81.13% vs. 80,25%, p=0,558; minute 3: 81.91% vs. 77.78%; p=0.243). A significantly higher quality of chest compressions was observed among men compared to women, both before fatigue (p=0.019) and after physical activity (p=0.053). Participants in the >53 age group had the best resuscitation scores in both during fatigue (90.78%) and before physical activity (90.83%). There was no significant correlation with rank or function of firefighters. Among the parameters of chest compressions evaluated in the third minute, the greatest effect of fatigue was shown in the aspect of the compression rate (59.42% vs. 49.20%) and depth (71.61% vs. 67.86%). CONCLUSIONS: Physical fatigue of firefighters results in moderate decrease in the effectiveness of chest compressions, especially in terms of the rate and depth of compressions. The overall quality of chest compressions is significantly higher in men than in women both before and after physical activity. The experience of firefighters can translate into the quality of resuscitation, regardless of their age.

16

Effects of Fatigue Induced by Prolonged Gait When Walking on the Elderly

88%

Pereira M., Gonçalves M.

|

EN

Purpose. Fatigue has been pointed as a fall risk in the elderly; however, the effects of prolonged gait on neuromuscular recruitment and on its pattern remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prolonged gait on neuromuscular recruitment levels and spatial-temporal gait variables. Methods. Eight healthy older women (age: 72.63 ± 6.55 years) walked at their preferred walking speed for twenty minutes on a treadmill. The Root Mean Square (RMS) from the vastus-lateralis, femoral biceps, tibialis anterior and lateral gastrocnemius muscles were determined at the first and last minute of the test during the moments of Heel Strike (HS), Terminal Stance and Terminal Swing (TS). In addition, coactivation in the knee and ankle as well as the stride cadence and length were measured in the test. The two RMS data (taken at the first and last minute) were compared by means of a Student's t-test. Results. Twenty minutes of walking induced fatigue in the subjects, as observed through an increase in RMS, notably during the HS and TS. Coactivation was also influenced by the prolonged gait test. The only gait phase where a risk of falling was enhanced was the HS. Nonetheless, subjects developed strategies to maintain a safe motor pattern, which was evidenced by an increase in stride length and a decrease in stride cadence. Conclusion. Tests lasting just twenty minutes on a treadmill were enough to induce fatigue in older adults. However, the level of fatigue was not enough to present a danger or fall risk to elderly individuals.

17

Changes Related to Fatigue in Cardiorespiratory Response Sensitivity to Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Stimulation during Strenuous Physical Load

88%

Mishchenko V., Suchanowski A., Lysenko O.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2009

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vol. 1

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issue 1

27-32

EN

Background: The aim was to study changes in the sensitivity of CRS responses of skilled athletes caused by fatigue during a strenuous physical load.Material/Methods: Response sensitivity to hypoxic and hypercapnic stimuli was analyzed in a group of high performance rowers (n=12) aged 18-22 years during exercising on "Concept-II" rowing ergometer. Two types of loads were used: sustained intensive load at high oxygen consumption (78-83% of VO2max) and relatively easier load (49-62% of VO2max) performed within 5 minutes. The method of rebreathing was used to determine responses sensitivity to CO2.Results: The results showed an increase in respiratory response sensitivity to hypoxia and a decrease in sensitivity to acidosis stimulus of respiration (CO2-H+) at the end of a strenuous load in presence of fatigue. Ventilatory response to hypoxic stimulus increased reliably before the end of work. At high intensity of loads during increment hypercapnia even in highly trained athletes the inhibition of ventilatory response has been notedConclusions: The data provide additional grounds for correction of fatigue by means of regulating the character and the intensity of physical loads in the process of endurance training. It has been shown that changes in sensitivity of CRS responses and other aspects of reactive features are of importance for special work capacity manifestations.

18

Strength Training Prior to Endurance Exercise: Impact on the Neuromuscular System, Endurance Performance and Cardiorespiratory Responses

88%

Conceição M., Cadore E. L., González-Izal M., Izquierdo M., Liedtke G. V., Wilhelm E. N., Pinto R. S., Reistenbach Goltz F., Dornelles Schneider C., Ferrari R., Bottaro M., Kruel L. F. M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2014

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vol. 44

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issue 1

171-181

EN

This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of two strength-training protocols on the neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory responses during endurance exercise. Thirteen young males (23.2 ± 1.6 years old) participated in this study. The hypertrophic strength-training protocol was composed of 6 sets of 8 squats at 75% of maximal dynamic strength. The plyometric strength-training protocol was composed of 6 sets of 8 jumps performed with the body weight as the workload. Endurance exercise was performed on a cycle ergometer at a power corresponding to the second ventilatory threshold until exhaustion. Before and after each protocol, a maximal voluntary contraction was performed, and the rate of force development and electromyographic parameters were assessed. After the hypertrophic strengthtraining and plyometric strength-training protocol, significant decreases were observed in the maximal voluntary contraction and rate of force development, whereas no changes were observed in the electromyographic parameters. Oxygen uptake and a heart rate during endurance exercise were not significantly different among the protocols. However, the time-to-exhaustion was significantly higher during endurance exercise alone than when performed after hypertrophic strength-training or plyometric strength-training (p <0.05). These results suggest that endurance performance may be impaired when preceded by strength-training, with no oxygen uptake or heart rate changes during the exercise.

19

Central and Peripheral Fatigue During Resistance Exercise – A Critical Review

88%

Zając A., Chalimoniuk M., Gołaś A., Lngfort J., Maszczyk A.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2015

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vol. 49

|

issue 1

159-169

EN

Resistance exercise is a popular form of conditioning for numerous sport disciplines, and recently different modes of strength training are being evaluated for health benefits. Resistance exercise differs significantly in nature, and several variables determine the direction and range of adaptive changes that occur in the muscular and skeletal system of the body. Some modes of resistance training can also be effective in stimulating the cardiovascular system. These variables include exercise selection (general, specific, single or multi joint, dynamic, explosive), type of resistance (free weights, variable resistance, isokinetics), order of exercise (upper and lower body or push and pull exercises), and most of all the training load which includes intensity expressed as % of 1RM, number of repetitions, number of sets and the rest interval between sets. Manipulating these variables allows for specific adaptive changes which may include gains in muscle mass, muscle strength or muscle endurance. It has been well established that during resistance exercise fatigue occurs, regardless of the volume and intensity of work applied. The peripheral mechanisms of fatigue have been studied and explained in more detail than those related to the CNS. This review is an attempt to bring together the latest knowledge regarding fatigue, both peripheral and central, during resistance exercise. The authors of this review concentrated on physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying fatigue in exercises performed with maximal intensity, as well as those performed to exhaustion with numerous repetitions and submaximal load.

20

The Effect of a Simulated Basketball Game on Players’ Sprint and Jump Performance, Temperature and Muscle Damage

88%

Pliauga V., Kamandulis S., Dargevičiūtė G., Jaszczanin J., Klizienė I., Stanislovaitienė J., Stanislovaitis A.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2015

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vol. 46

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issue 1

167-175

EN

Despite extensive data regarding the demands of playing basketball, the relative importance of factors that cause fatigue and muscle potentiation has been explored only tentatively and remains unclear. The aim of this experimental field study was to assess changes in leg muscle power and relate these changes to body temperature modifications and indices of exercise-induced muscle damage in response to a simulated basketball game. College-level male basketball players (n=10) were divided into two teams to play a simulated basketball game. Ten-meter sprint and vertical counter-movement jump tests, core body temperature and creatine-kinase activity were measured within 48 h after the game. The participants’ body temperatures increased after a warm-up (1.9%, p<0.05), continued to increase throughout the game, and reached 39.4 ± 0.4°C after the fourth quarter (p<0.05). The increase in temperature during the warm-up was accompanied by an improvement in the 10-meter sprint time (5.5%, p<0.05) and jump height (3.8%, p<0.05). The players were able to maintain leg power up to the fourth quarter, i.e., during the major part of the basketball game. There was a significant increase in creatine-kinase at 24 h (>200%, p<0.05) and 48 h (>30%, p<0.05) after the game, indicating damage to the players’ muscles. The basketball players’ sprint and jump performance appear to be at least in part associated with body temperature changes, which might contribute to counteract fatigue during the larger part of a basketball game.

Refine search results

Influence of Long-Lasting Balancing on Unstable Surface on Changes in Balance

The Effect of Acute Creatine Supplementation on Fatigue and Anaerobic Performance

Pomiar zmęczenia – przegląd narzędzi

Changes in fatigue and physical function following laparoscopic colonic surgery

Post-Exercise Decrease in Handgrip Force Following a Single Training Session in Male and Female Climbers

An Efficient Method of Key-Frame Extraction Based on a Cluster Algorithm

The Role of Situational Variables in Analysing Physical Performance in Soccer

Effects of Accelerated Breathing On Postural Stability

The Effect of Fatigue on Kicking Velocity in Soccer Players

An Interaction between Exercise Order and Rest Interval during Lower-Body Resistance Exercise

The Effect of Immediate Post-Training Active and Passive Recovery Interventions on Anaerobic Performance and Lower Limb Flexibility in Professional Soccer Players

Fatigue Characteristics of Laser Welded DC06EK and DP600MC Steel Sheets

Casting pore characterization by X-ray computed tomography and metallography

EVIDENCE FOR THE INVALIDITY OF THE WINGATE TEST FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF PEAK POWER, POWER DECREMENT AND MUSCULAR FATIGUE

The impact of firefighter fatigue on the quality of chest compressions during resuscitation

Effects of Fatigue Induced by Prolonged Gait When Walking on the Elderly

Changes Related to Fatigue in Cardiorespiratory Response Sensitivity to Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Stimulation during Strenuous Physical Load