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Quality of Life and Sleep Disorders Among Patients Treated with Hemodialysis in Relation to Dialysis Adequacy

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Dryl-Rydzyńska T., Sak J., Książek A.
Polish Journal of Public Health
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2015
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vol. 124
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issue 3
111-114
EN
Introduction. Recent studies in this field are insufficient to determine the relationship between life quality and hemodialy-sis adequacy. The problem, which requires further analysis is the issue of verification of these relationships and the problem of the relationship between sleep disorders and hemodialysis indicators. Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between quality of life and sleep disorders occurring among patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) treated with hemodialysis and the dialysis adequacy parameters. Material and methods. The survey was based on two standardized international scales: the Quality of Life Scale (SF-36) and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The study was conducted among 150 patients (67 women and 83 men) treated with hemodialysis at the Fresenius center. All patients participating in the study were undergoing dialysis three times a week. The average value of Kt/V was 1.45 (SD=0.22) and URR ration 71.78 (SD=5.95). Results. The urea level prior to hemodialysis moderately strongly correlates with life energy deficit (r=-0.34, p=-0.049) and that the values of urea reduction ratio URR weakly correlates with the patient's conviction on restricting life's activity (SF-36) (r=0.18, p=0.046). The level of urea prior to dialysis correlates positively with the time of falling asleep in PSQI scale (r=-0.39, p=0.023). Conclusions. Patients with lower urea level before hemodialysis have a significantly higher vitality level. Higher fluctuations of urea concentrations before and after hemodialysis (higher urea reduction ratio URR) are associated with restrictions of physical activity in hemodialysis patients.
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Relationships Between Perception of Illness, Social Support and Hemodialysis Adequacy

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Sak J., Dryl-Rydzyńska T., Książek A.
Polish Journal of Public Health
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2015
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vol. 124
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issue 4
174-177
EN
Introduction. The patients in situations of “being ill” have to face not only pain and disabilities, but also problems in their social relationships. Perceptions of illness are results of reactions to the changes in the existential situations, and that these correspond to determined illness coping strategies. Aim. The aim of the research was to determine the relationships between perception of illness and social support, with the indicators of the adequacy of the renal replacement treatment and the level of urea as a biomarker of disease offset. Material and methods. The study was conducted on a group of 150 patients who were on chronic hemodialysis, and who were suffering from end stage renal disease. The patients were treated at on of the several Fresenius Medical centres. As a group, average Kt/V value was 1.45 (SD=0.22) and the URR ratio 71.78 (SD=5.95). Moreover, average urea concentration before HD equaled to 133.78mg% (SD=39.68) and after hemodialysis - 38.22mg% (SD=14.60). The research procedure was based on a questionnaire study. This applied three standardized scales: the Imagination and Perception of Illness Scale (IPIS), the brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-Brief) and the Berlin Social Support Scale (BSSS). Results. Patients who exhibited higher values of urea concentration in the blood serum measured before HD, perceived their disease (IPIS scale) as causing more motivation loss to carrying out specific activities, as well as mental and physical sphere destruction, pessimism and lost control over the disease. What is more, higher values of urea reduction ratio (URR) positively correlate with the loss of control over the disease (r=-0.20, p=0.024). Moreover, patients characterized by higher values of urea concentration in the blood serum before hemodialysis, evinced greater need for social support (BSSS). Conclusions. The need for social support among ESRD patients treated by hemodialysis does not correlate with dialysis adequacy indicators. Furthermore, the level of urea marked before hemodialysis exhibits an interdependence with psychological determinants of illness perception and social support.
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Objaw pseudoguza ośrodkowego układu nerwowego u pacjentki dializowanej otrzewnowo

63%
Krakowska A., Jander A., Tkaczyk M.
Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna
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2012
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vol. 8
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issue 2
172-175
EN
Introduction: Pseudotumour cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) is diagnosed when several symptoms coexist: headaches, papilledema, increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure (without any cytologic or chemical abnormalities in it). Neuroimaging shows no pathology either. Aim: The aim of this work is to present a case of 16‑year‑old girl who has been receiving peritoneal dialysis. End stage renal disease developed on the basis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Despite of many therapeutic methods used (steroids, cyclophosphamide, angiotensin convertase inhibitors, plasmapheresis), after three years she required dialysis. Few month after commencing dialysis, in ophthalmologic consultation (routine one, which was required for renal transplantation qualification), papilledema was diagnosed. The patient did not report any symptoms that could suggest intracranial hypertension. The magnetic resonance did not reveal any focal pathology. Neurologist suggested the diagnosis of pseudotumour cerebri and applied acetazolamide with increased dose of antihypertensives. The papilledema resolved after 3 months. Conclusions: Pseudotumour cerebri symptoms are rare but can be the reason for such pathology as papilledema or headaches among dialysed children. There are single cases in the literature. Poorly regulated hypertension or fluid overload can be risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
PL
Wprowadzenie: Pseudoguz ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (idiopatyczne nadciśnienie śródczaszkowe) charakteryzuje się współwystępowaniem bólów głowy, obrzęku tarczy nerwu wzrokowego, wzmożonego ciśnienia płynu mózgowo‑rdzeniowego (przy jego prawidłowym składzie) oraz braku jakichkolwiek zmian w badaniach obrazowych ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, które mogłyby tłumaczyć występujące zjawiska. Cel pracy: Przedstawiamy przypadek 16‑letniej dziewczynki dializowanej otrzewnowo od 2011 roku z powodu przewlekłej choroby nerek na podłożu ogniskowego segmentalnego szkliwienia kłębuszków nerkowych rozpoznanego w 2008 roku. Mimo zastosowanego leczenia (steroidoterapia, cyklofosfamid, inhibitory konwertazy angiotensyny, plazmaferezy) u dziewczynki mniej więcej po 3 latach rozwinęła się schyłkowa niewydolność nerek. W trakcie rutynowych badań wymaganych do kwalifikacji do przeszczepu nerki w konsultacji okulistycznej stwierdzono u dziewczynki obrzęk tarczy nerwu wzrokowego. Nie prezentowała ona żadnych objawów mogących sugerować nadciśnienie śródczaszkowe. W wykonanym rezonansie magnetycznym głowy nie uwidoczniono zmian ogniskowych. Po konsultacji z neurologiem, który zasugerował rozpoznanie pseudoguza ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, wdrożono leczenie przeciwobrzękowe acetazolamidem oraz obniżono ciśnienie tętnicze. Objaw obrzęku tarczy nerwu wzrokowego ustąpił po 3 miesiącach. Wnioski: Objawy pseudoguza mózgu dzieci dializowanych występują rzadko, ale mogą być przyczyną zmian na dnie oczu w badaniu okulistycznym i bólów głowy. Opisywane są pojedyncze przypadki w piśmiennictwie. Czynnikami sprzyjającymi rozwojowi tego powikłania mogą być nieuregulowane nadciśnienie i przewodnienie.
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