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Antiangiogenic gene therapy in inhibition of metastasis.

100%
Szala S., Szary J., Cichoń T., Sochanik A.
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EN
This short review attempts to demonstrate the usefulness of antiangiogenic gene therapy in achieving inhibition of growth in experimentally-induced metastases. Certain normal tissues (for example skeletal muscle) may be used in vivo, after genetic modification, as a "bioreactor", able to produce and secrete into the bloodstream proteins known to exert antiangiogenic effects. By inhibiting neoangiogenesis these proteins would thus prevent the development of metastases. The review discusses also the perspectives of antimetastatic therapy based on certain types of allogenic cells (for example myoblasts and fibroblasts) that had been genetically modified and then microencapsulated. The strategy of encapsulation is aimed at protecting the modified cells secreting antiangiogenic factors from being eliminated by the immune system. Secretion of antiangiogenic proteins by these microencapsulated cells can be controlled with inducible promoters. Antiangiogenic genes remaining under the transcriptional control of such promoters may be switched on and off using antibiotics, such as tetracycline derivatives, or steroid hormones.
2
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Oxidation of α-methylstyrene on an MCM-22 encapsulated (R, R)-(−)-N, N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminocobalt(II) catalyst

88%
Bogár K.
Open Chemistry
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2005
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vol. 3
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issue 1
63-71
EN
(R, R)-(−)-N, N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminocobalt(II) was encapsulated into MCM-22 using the zeolite synthesis method. The encapsulated catalyst proved to be active in the oxidation of α-methylstyrene with NaOCl with higher specific activity than the homogeneous catalyst. At the same time, this encapsulated catalyst was completely inactive in the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of racemic styrene oxide. This observation is in a good correlation with the assumption of the cooperative bimetallic mechanism proposed by Annis and Jacobsen.
3
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Techniques of aligning carbon nanotubes

75%
Iakoubovskii K.
Open Physics
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2009
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vol. 7
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issue 4
645-653
EN
This paper reviews major techniques of aligning carbon nanotubes, either during the growth or by the post-growth processing. A number of post-processing alignment techniques are discussed, which employ mechanical stretching, fracture, compression, friction, filtration, fiber drawing, gas flow, liquid crystals, Langmuir-Blodgett technique, acoustic, magnetic and electric fields. The suitability of those techniques to industrial applications is analyzed.
4
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Magnetic recykling of complex catalysts immobilized on thiol-functionalized polymer supports

75%
Bączek N., Strzelec K., Wąsikowska K.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2013
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vol. 15
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issue 3
65-68
EN
In this work, the application of the thiol-functionalized epoxy resin encapsulated on magnetic core as supports for palladium catalysts is reported. The study focuses on obtaining of heterogeneous catalysts which can be separated by magnetic field. Palladium complex catalyst [PdCl2(PhCN)2] has been heterogenized by anchoring to these supports via ligand exchange reaction. The characterization of polymeric supports and heterogenized palladium catalysts has involved research methods like time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen BET surface area measurements. The activity and stability during long-term use of the investigated catalytic systems were tested in a Heck and hydrogenation reaction. The influence of the type of thiols used as epoxy hardeners and the morphology of the supports on the catalytic properties of epoxy-supported palladium catalysts was discussed.
5
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Laboratory Experimental Analysis on Encapsulated Stone Column

63%
Tandel Y. K., Solanki C. H., Desai A. K.
Archives of Civil Engineering
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2013
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issue 3
6
Content available remote

Biodegradable Polymer Composites with Nitrogen- and Phosphorus-Containing Waste Materials as the Fillers/Biodegradowalne Kompozyty Polimerowe Wypełnione Odpadami Zawierającymi Azot I Fosfor

51%
Treinyte J., Grazuleviciene V., Ostrauskaite J.
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|
issue 3
515-528
EN
Composites consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing waste materials were prepared and studied as materials for encapsulation of mineral fertilizers By-products of biodiesel production (rapeseed cake, crude glycerol), horn meal (waste product of haberdashery) and phosphogypsum (by-product of the production of phosphorus fertilizers) were used as the fillers of the composites. The films of the composites with the different amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus were prepared using different fillers or their mixtures. Mechanical, properties of the films, hygroscopicity, solubility in water were studied. The composites developed were used for the encapsulation of mineral fertilizers. It was established that encapsulation resulted in the increase of the time of release of the fertilizers. The developed slow-release fertilizers represent a combination of inorganic and organic compounds. The organic part consists of nitrogen- and phosphorus containing horn meal and rapeseed cake. Since assimilation of organic substances is considerably longer, nitrogen and phosphorus of these components will be available for plants much later than inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. Thus the composite film will not only decrease the rate of desorption of the components from the granules of the fertilizers but will also prolong the impact of the fertilizers on the plants.
PL
Wytworzono materiały kompozytowe, składające się z alkoholu poliwinylowego, zawierające odpady z azotem i fosforem. Badano możliwości zastosowania tych materiałów do kapsułkowania nawozów mineralnych. Jako wypełniacze kompozytów były wykorzystywane produkty uboczne wytwarzania biopaliwa do silników wysokoprężnych (makuch rzepakowy, surowy glicerol), mączka rogowa (produkt odpadowy z produkcji pasmanteryjnej) i fosfogips (produkt uboczny produkcji nawozów fosforowych). Wytworzono folie kompozytowe z różnymi ilościami azotu i fosforu, różnymi wypełniaczami lub ich mieszaninami. Badano właściwości mechaniczne folii, ich higroskopijność i rozpuszczalność w wodzie. Otrzymane kompozyty zostały wykorzystane do kapsułkowania nawozów mineralnych. Stwierdzono, że kapsułkowanie spowodowało zwiększenie czasu uwalniania nawozów. Opracowane nawozy powolnego uwalniania stanowią kombinację związków nieorganicznych i organicznych. Organiczna część składa się z mączki rogowej i makucha rzepakowego, zawierających azot i fosfor. Ponieważ asymilacja substancji organicznych jest znacznie dłuższa, azot i fosfor z tych składników będą dostępne dla roślin znacznie później niż z substancji nieorganicznych. W ten sposób folia z kompozytu nie tylko zmniejszy szybkość desorpcji składników z granulek nawozów, ale również przedłuży wpływ nawozów na rośliny.
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