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1

Hemifacial asymmetries in age perception: the left cheek looks older for females, but not males

100%

Lindell A. K., Cianchetta R. O., Azim S. M., Freeman C. G., de Oliveira N. C., Saban S., Messina J. L., Wilson K. E., Egan A., Caspar M. D., Grey E. J., McDonald B. A., Croxford K. N., Bui T. T., Aiello A. A., Heywood-Smith V. M., Kidd A. J., Stanley S. C., Wakeling A., Hoggan S. A. L., Morriss A. S., Trinh T. P. M., Thai-Nguyen H., Fonte M., Agolli F.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2019

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vol. 17(4)

417-426

EN

The left hemiface expresses emotion more intensely than the right. Because emotional expressions contract the facial muscles and wrinkle the skin, theoretically the left hemiface’s greater expressivity should prompt more pronounced expression lines and wrinkles on the left than right side of the face. As wrinkles are the most salient age cue, we investigated whether the left hemiface consequently appears older than the right. Two hundred and sixty participants (F=148; M=112) viewed booklets containing pairs of left-left and right-right chimeric faces of eight models (M=F). For each trial participants were asked to make a two alternative forced choice response indicating which image looked older. Results confirmed a left cheek bias, with participants more likely to select left-left than right-right chimeras. Whilst participant gender did not influence perceptions, model gender predicted cheek selections: responses to female models drive the overall left cheek bias. The left cheek (56.8%) appeared older than the right cheek (43.2%) for female models, whereas there was little difference in perceived age between male models' left (50.8%) and right (49.2%) cheeks. Given that youth influences perceptions of female beauty, these findings complement previous research and offer a potential explanation for why the left side of females’ faces are judged less attractive: the right cheek appears younger.

2

CEREBRAL LATERALITY, EMOTION, AND CARDIOPULMONARY FUNCTIONS: AN INVESTIGATION OF LEFT AND RIGHT CVA PATIENTS

100%

Comer C. S., DeVore B. B., Harrison P. K., Harrison D. W.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2017

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vol. 15(3)

257-282

EN

Background: It has been evidenced that the outcome of a CVA patient differs as a function of the cerebral hemisphere that is damaged by the stroke, especially in terms of emotional changes. In contrast, the Bi-Hemispheric Model of Emotion posits that each hemisphere has its own emotional specialization. The current experiment tested the competing predictions of the two theoretical perspectives in a mixed sample of left cerebrovascular accident (LCVA) patients and right cerebrovascular accident (RCVA) patients using a Dichotic Listening task and the Affective Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AAVLT). Heart Rate (HR) and Pulse Oxygen Saturation (SpO2) were recorded as sympathetic measures. It was expected that the predictions of the Bi-Hemispheric Model would be supported. A series of mixed design ANOVAs were used to analyze the data. Material/Methods: Participants consisted of 21 patients grouped into either post-acute status left cerebrovascular accident (LCVA) or right cerebrovascular accident (RCVA). Tests included the The Dichotic Listening test, The Affective Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AAVLT), HR and Sp02 measurement using a Fingertip Pulse Oximeter and the Mood Assessment Scale for depression. Results: Results revealed that both groups exhibited decreased auditory detection abilities in the ear contralateral to CVA location. Additionally, CVA patients recalled significantly more positive words than negative or neutral words and exhibited a significant learning curve. LCVA patients exhibited a recency effect, while RCVA patients exhibited a heigh tened primacy effect. Findings from the HR and Sp02 measures suggested a parasympathetic response to emotionally neutral information as well as an impaired sympathetic response to emotionally negative information in RCVA patients. Conclusions: The results lend partial support to the hypothesis drawn from the Bi-Hemispheric Model of Emotion, as evidenced by the diametrically opposite effects in these groups, which reflects opposing cerebral processes.

3

Procesy emocjonalne w schizofrenii

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Makowska I., Rymarczyk K., Kłoszewska I.

Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna

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2008

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vol. 8

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issue 3

164-169

EN

Although emotion processing deficits have been implicated in schizophrenia since its original description, with symptoms including a “flat“ and “inappropriate“ affect, the extent and nature of emotion processing performance in schizophrenia are still unclear. Several studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia have deficits in the processing of emotional facial expressions and these have included patients from a wide variety of cultural backgrounds. The deficits seem to affect mainly the ability to name and discriminate expressions. Furthermore, performance correlates with symptom severity, which indicates that deficits in discriminating emotional aspects of facial expressions have clinical significance. Impairment in the specificity of emotion identification may lead to misunderstanding of social communication and may underlie difficulties in social adjustment experienced by people with schizophrenia. The aim of the paper is a review of current literature about emotional processing in patients with schizophrenia. Studies have examined the perception, experience, and expression of emotion in schizophrenia as well as the relation between performance on emotion and olfactory tasks. Studies on emotion expression repeatedly showed that individuals with schizophrenia display fewer overt expressions than nonpatient comparison subjects in verbal, facial, and acoustic channels. Studies on emotion experience tend to show a higher frequency of negative affect and a higher sensitivity to negative conditions and stress. Deficits in emotion recognition have been clearly identified for all channels studied. Studies on olfaction and emotion in schizophrenia revealed that olfactory and emotion recognition abilities appear significantly linked in schizophrenia.

PL

Takie objawy, jak blady czy nieadekwatny afekt wśród chorych na schizofrenię, były opisywane już w pierwszych doniesieniach na temat tej choroby. Jednak wymiar i natura deficytów emocjonalnych w przebiegu schizofrenii nadal pozostają niewyjaśnione. Przeprowadzone dotąd badania wskazują, że pacjenci ze schizofrenią przejawiają zaburzenia ekspresji emocjonalnych, a deficyt ten dotyczy pacjentów pochodzących z różnych środowisk kulturowych. Zaburzenia percepcji ekspresji emocjonalnych odnoszą się zarówno do umiejętności nazywania, jak i rozróżniania emocji. Co więcej, wykazano, że istnieje związek między nasileniem objawów klinicznych, w szczególności objawów negatywnych, a umiejętnością rozróżniania emocji. Informacje te mogą zatem zostać wykorzystane w celach diagnostycznych. Wydaje się, że specyficzne zaburzenia rozpoznawania emocji, np. z twarzy czy z głosu, przez pacjentów ze schizofrenią mogą być przyczyną trudności w nawiązywaniu i utrzymywaniu relacji społecznych. Celem pracy był przegląd aktualnego piśmiennictwa na temat procesów emocjonalnych u pacjentów chorujących na schizofrenię. Badano percepcję, doświadczanie i wyrażanie emocji wśród pacjentów chorujących na schizofrenię, a także związek między procesami emocjonalnymi a węchowymi. Badania dotyczące ekspresji emocjonalnej wskazują na mniejszą ekspresję werbalną, akustyczną i mimiczną wśród pacjentów w porównaniu z osobami zdrowymi. W zakresie doświadczania emocji pacjenci w omawianej grupie częściej wyrażają negatywne emocje i dotkliwiej przeżywają negatywne warunki i stres. Deficyty w rozpoznawaniu emocji zostały opisane we wszystkich badanych kanałach. Badania w zakresie rozpoznawania emocji i zapachów ujawniają związek między wskazanymi procesami w przebiegu schizofrenii.

4

The importance of interpersonal communication in the process of rehabilitation. Review article

72%

Kulikowski K.

Medical Rehabilitation

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2013

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vol. 17(1)

15-20

PL

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono zagadnienie komunikacji interpersonalnej pomiędzy pacjentem a fizjoterapeutą wraz z jego implikacjami dla procesu fizjoterapii. Głównym celem prezentowanego artykułu jest przełożenie w praktyczne wskazówki postępowania choć fragmentu dostępnej wiedzy teoretycznej z zakresu komunikacji. W pierwszej części starano się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, dlaczego komunikacja interpersonalna może być ważna dla fizjoterapeuty. Przedstawiono w tym celu analizę doniesień naukowych dotyczących znaczenia komunikacji pomiędzy pacjentem a fizjoterapeutą w procesie rehabilitacji. W drugiej części artykułu próbowano ukazać praktyczne, zaczerpnięte z literatury przedmiotu sposoby mogące posłużyć zwiększaniu efektywności komunikacji pomiędzy rehabilitantem a jego pacjentem. Tekst kończy podsumowanie, w którym starano się krótko scharakteryzować obecny stan wiedzy na temat komunikacji pomiędzy fizjoterapeutą a pacjentem oraz przedstawić możliwości dalszego rozwoju tej dziedziny nauki.

EN

In this paper the problem of interpersonal communication between the patient and the physiotherapist along with its implications for the process of physiotherapy are presented. The main goal of the present article is to transform theoretical knowledge about communication into clinical practice. In the first part of the article the author attempts to answer the question as to why interpersonal communication could be important for the physiotherapist. To encompass this aim a brief analysis of the scientific reports on the importance of communication between patient and therapist in the rehabilitation process has been conducted. In the second part of the article the practical ways of increasing the efficiency of communication between the physiotherapist and the patient have been shown. The text ends with a summary, in which the author presents a short resume of the current state of knowledge in the field of communication with the patient and outlines the opportunities and possibilities for further development in this field.

5

EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS REVEAL IMPAIRED EMOTION-COGNITION INTERACTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH PUBLIC SPEAKING ANXIETY

72%

Feroz F. S., Mat Ali M. H., Ismail A. I., Salman A. R., Shahbodin F.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2021

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vol. 19(4)

427-443

EN

This study used reaction time (RT) and event-related potential (ERP) analysis in an emotion-cognition Eriksen-Flanker (ECEF) task to investigate behavioral and neural abnormalities in individuals with public speaking anxiety (PSA). Although 25 per cent of people worldwide suffer from PSA, there is currently a lack of standardized assessment or biomarkers to detect emotion-cognition abnormalities in individuals with PSA. RT and ERP were compared between 12 subjects with high (H) PSA and 12 subjects with low (L) PSA in the ECEF experiment. EEG was recorded with the 14-channel Emotiv EPOC+. RT data showed a significant Flanker Effect across groups in the neutral and emotional (PSA-related) conditions, with increased Flanker effect in the HPSA group. On average, LPSA subjects were faster than the HPSA subjects in the ECEF task. HPSA subjects showed aberrant ERP responses in two ways. Firstly in the reversed N200 conflict effect with increased frontocentral amplitude in the incongruent compared to the congruent condition. Secondly, in the absence of the P200 frontocentral emotional modulation found in LPSA subjects. In the HPSA group, decreased P200 amplitude is significantly related to impaired behavioral performance in the neutral congruent condition. RT and ERP are useful in modern medicine because they successfully unveiled the biomarkers of abnormalities during the interaction of emotion and cognition. Impaired conflict processing in PSA-related condi- tions was found at the N200 and P200 windows in HPSA individuals.

Refine search results

Hemifacial asymmetries in age perception: the left cheek looks older for females, but not males

CEREBRAL LATERALITY, EMOTION, AND CARDIOPULMONARY FUNCTIONS: AN INVESTIGATION OF LEFT AND RIGHT CVA PATIENTS

Procesy emocjonalne w schizofrenii

The importance of interpersonal communication in the process of rehabilitation. Review article

EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS REVEAL IMPAIRED EMOTION-COGNITION INTERACTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH PUBLIC SPEAKING ANXIETY