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1
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POLYMER BIOCOMPOSITES USED IN BEDSORES TREATMENT

100%
Wiśniewska-Wrona M., Kucharska M., Kardas I., Bodek A., Bodek H.
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
|
2011
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vol. 16
111 - 120
EN
Investigations are presented in the preparation of composite dressing material based on two biopolymers -chitosan and sodium alginate with the addition of sulfanilamide as medication designed for the healing of bedsores. The dressing was prepared in the form of film. The biopolymers used in the construction of the film make the dressing biodegradable and resorbable in the wound’s environment. Mechanical properties of the film were tested: thickness, extension strength, tenacity and elongation at maximum stress The ability of the material to match the wound was examined, too, as well as the transmission of water vapor. Sulfanilamide as bacteriostatic agent was added to the prepared composites. Mechanical and sorption properties of the composite dressings with addition of the active substance depend largely on their composition. The sorption properties were tested before and after addition of the medication .The release of the medication is intricate and proceeds according to kinetics of first order. Susceptibility of the composite materials to hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation was assessed.
2
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The use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in the management of enteroatmospheric fistula – case report and literature review

100%
Jaguścik R., Walczak D., Porzeżyńska J., Trzeciak P.
Polish Journal of Surgery
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2015
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vol. 87(10)
522-527
EN
An enteric fistula that occurs in an open abdomen is called an enteroatmospheric fistula (EAF) and is the most challenging complication for a surgical team to deal with. The treatment of EAF requires a multidisciplinary approach. First of all, sepsis has to be managed. Any fluid, electrolyte and metabolic disorders need to be corrected. Oral intake must be stopped and total parenteral nutrition introduced. The control and drainage of the effluent from the fistula is a separate issue. Since there are no fixed algorithms for the treatment of EAF, surgeons need to develop their own, often highly unconventional solutions. We present the case of a 24-year-old man who developed enteroatmospheric fistula after laparotomy and relaparotomy due to acute necrotic pancreatitis. Both the laparostomy and the fistula were successfully managed using modified negative pressure wound therapy. The literature regarding this issue was also reviewed.
3
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Abdominal cavity eventration treated by means of the „open abdomen” technique using the negative pressure therapy system – case report and literature review

100%
Trzeciak P., Porzeżyńska J., Ptasińska K., Walczak D.
Polish Journal of Surgery
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2015
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vol. 87(11)
592-597
EN
Wound dehiscence is a surgical complication in which the wound ruptures along the surgical suture with abdominal cavity bowel displacement. It is observed in 0.2‑6% of operated patients. The extensive wound is a gateway for infection. Moreover, increased secretion of serous fluid induces a hygienic problem and may lead to secondary skin infections or bedsores. The negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) system is an innovative therapeutic method. It perfectly executes the TIME strategy, receiving more and more recognition. The study presented a case of a 62-year old male patient after several consecutive wound dehiscence episodes who was primarily treated for rectal cancer by means of low anterior resection of the rectum. Due to acute respiratory insufficiency after several operations, wound necrosis with dehiscence was observed. Considering the high risk of perioperative death we abandoned surgical treatment and introduced conservative management using negative pressure wound therapy until the patient’s health improved. Literature regarding the above-mentioned issue was also reviewed.
4
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Wound healing – characteristics of the ideal dressing

86%
Orlińska K., Komosińska-Vassev K., Olczyk K., Glaesel M., Olczyk P.
Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
|
2023
|
issue 77
197-203
EN
Wound healing is a dynamic process aimed at restoring homeostasis and functionality of damaged tissue. It is a highly complex, multi-stage process, the disruption of which leads to complications and health problems for the injured person. The discussed process takes place in the human system in two ways. The first of them is granulation and the second is healing per primary. Regardless of the method of wound healing, the individual phases of this process overlap each other, where before the end of the previous phase, the next begins. Demarcation of individual phases is purely practical. There are four phases of healing: the hemostasis phase, the inflammation phase, the proliferative phase – in other words the replication and synthesis phase – and the remodeling phase. The process of wound healing is a natural, long-term, and complex process that occurs in the body when injured. Incorrect healing may result in chronic wounds, necrosis or excessive scarring. Wound treatment supports this naturally occurring process in the body. In cases that require such support dressings are used, which are an essential element applicable in health care. An ideal dressing should create a barrier against external factors, maintain an appropriate environment in the wound bed (appropriate temperature, optimal humidity, slightly acidic pH, gas exchange), absorb excess of blood and exudate, keep the wound clean – cleanse it of necrotic tissue and toxins – do not adhere to the wound to avoid wound damage during dressing replacement, do not show sensitizing or irritating effects.
PL
Gojenie się ran to proces dynamiczny, którego celem jest przywrócenie homeostazy oraz funkcjonalności usz-kodzonej tkanki. To wysoce złożony, wieloetapowy proces, którego zaburzenie prowadzi do powikłań i prob-lemów zdrowotnych osoby poszkodowanej. Omawiany proces przebiega w ustroju ludzkim dwiema drogami. Pierwszą z nich jest ziarnino-wanie, drugą rychłozrost. Niezależnie od sposobu gojenia się rany, poszczególne fazy tego procesu wzajemnie nachodzą na siebie, gdzie przed zakończeniem fazy poprzedniej rozpoczyna się następna. Rozgraniczenie poszczególnych faz ma charakter czysto praktyczny. Wyróżnia się cztery fazy go-jenia: fazę hemostazy, fazę zapalenia, fazę proliferacyjną – inaczej fazę replikacji i syntezy – oraz fazę re-modelingu. Proces gojenia się ran jest procesem naturalnie zachodzącym w organizmie, długotrwałym i złożonym, który zachodzi w przypadku zranienia. Nieprawidłowy przebieg gojenia może skutkować wystąpieniem ran przewle-kłych, martwic czy nadmiernego bliznowacenia. Wspomaganiem tego naturalnie zachodzącego w organizmie procesu jest leczenie ran. W przypadkach wymagających takiego wsparcia stosuje się opatrunki, które są elementem niezbędnym, mającym zastosowanie w ochronie zdrowia. Idealny opatrunek powinien: tworzyć barierę przed czynnikami zewnętrznymi, utrzymywać odpowiednie środowisko w łożysku rany (odpowiednia temperatura, wysoka wilgotność, lekko kwaśne pH, umożliwienie wymiany gazowej), absorbować nadmiar krwi oraz wysięku, utrzymywać ranę w czystości – oczyszczać z tkanki martwiczej i toksyn – nie przywierać do rany, aby uniknąć jej uszkodzenia w trakcie wymiany opatrunku, nie wykazywać działania uczulającego, a także drażniącego.
5
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Wound healing – characteristics of the ideal dressing

86%
Orlińska K., Komosińska-Vassev K., Olczyk K., Glaesel M., Olczyk P.
Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
|
2023
|
issue 77
PL
Gojenie się ran to proces dynamiczny, którego celem jest przywrócenie homeostazy oraz funkcjonalności uszkodzonej tkanki. To wysoce złożony, wieloetapowy proces, którego zaburzenie prowadzi do powikłań i problemów zdrowotnych osoby poszkodowanej. Omawiany proces przebiega w ustroju ludzkim dwiema drogami. Pierwszą z nich jest ziarnino-wanie, drugą rychłozrost. Niezależnie od sposobu gojenia się rany, poszczególne fazy tego procesu wzajemnie nachodzą na siebie, gdzie przed zakończeniem fazy poprzedniej rozpoczyna się następna. Rozgraniczenie poszczególnych faz ma charakter czysto praktyczny. Wyróżnia się cztery fazy gojenia: fazę hemostazy, fazę zapalenia, fazę proliferacyjną – inaczej fazę replikacji i syntezy – oraz fazę remodelingu. Proces gojenia się ran jest procesem naturalnie zachodzącym w organizmie, długotrwałym i złożonym, który zachodzi w przypadku zranienia. Nieprawidłowy przebieg gojenia może skutkować wystąpieniem ran przewlekłych, martwic czy nadmiernego bliznowacenia. Wspomaganiem tego naturalnie zachodzącego w organizmie procesu jest leczenie ran. W przypadkach wymagających takiego wsparcia stosuje się opatrunki, które są elementem niezbędnym, mającym zastosowanie w ochronie zdrowia. Idealny opatrunek powinien: tworzyć barierę przed czynnikami zewnętrznymi, utrzymywać odpowiednie środowisko w łożysku rany (odpowiednia temperatura, wysoka wilgotność, lekko kwaśne pH, umożliwienie wymiany gazowej), absorbować nadmiar krwi oraz wysięku, utrzymywać ranę w czystości – oczyszczać z tkanki martwiczej i toksyn – nie przywierać do rany, aby uniknąć jej uszkodzenia w trakcie wymiany opatrunku, nie wykazywać działania uczulającego, a także drażniącego.
EN
Wound healing is a dynamic process aimed at restoring homeostasis and functionality of damaged tissue. It is a highly complex, multi-stage process, the disruption of which leads to complications and health problems for the injured person. The discussed process takes place in the human system in two ways. The first of them is granulation and the second is healing per primary. Regardless of the method of wound healing, the individual phases of this process overlap each other, where before the end of the previous phase, the next begins. Demarcation of individual phases is purely practical. There are four phases of healing: the hemostasis phase, the inflammation phase, the proliferative phase – in other words the replication and synthesis phase – and the remodeling phase. The process of wound healing is a natural, long-term, and complex process that occurs in the body when injured. Incorrect healing may result in chronic wounds, necrosis or excessive scarring. Wound treatment supports this naturally occurring process in the body. In cases that require such support dressings are used, which are an essential element applicable in health care. An ideal dressing should create a barrier against external factors, maintain an appropriate environment in the wound bed (appropriate temperature, optimal humidity, slightly acidic pH, gas exchange), absorb excess of blood and exudate, keep the wound clean – cleanse it of necrotic tissue and toxins – do not adhere to the wound to avoid wound damage during dressing replacement, do not show sensitizing or irritating effects.
6
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FORMULATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF MUCOADHESIVE DENTAL APPLICATIONS CONTAINING BENZYDAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE

86%
Grimling B.
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
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2021
|
vol. 26
71-79
EN
The aim of this research was to develop a bioadhesive film based on benzydamine hydrochloride incorporated into natural bioadhesive polymers with different quantities of chitosan and guar gum but utilising a plasticiser. The obtained gels were deaerated by sonification, formed and evaporated by hot air drying; then, the properties were evaluated. Guar gum had a great influence on mechanical properties of the films – dynamic viscosity, texture, elasticity, stretching robustness, swelling and blur time. The formulations were used to obtain mucoadhesive films containing 0.3% benzydamine hydrochloride; they were tested for the release of the model drug. The amount of chitosan added to the formulation reduced the quantity of released substance and slowed down the release. Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy did not reveal the creation of new chemical structures. In conclusion, the ratio of chitosan to guar gum in the medium impacts the mechanical properties and release parameters of the drug. These findings should enable researchers to match the parameter values to receive the most beneficial therapeutic outcome.
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