Search results

1

An Evaluation of the Knowledge of Patiens of the Need to Follow Suitable Lifestyles After Hart Surgery

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Narloch A., Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska W.

Polish Journal of Public Health

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2015

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vol. 124

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issue 4

187-190

EN

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death in Europe. In Poland, the percentage mortality is 2, 5 times higher than in Western European countries. Aim. To assess patients' knowledge of the need for diet and physical activity after cardiac surgery. Material and methods. The study involved a group of 150 patients after cardiac surgery. The research was conducted at the Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Clinical Centre in Gdansk. The study used a questionnaire of our own design. Results. Over half of the respondents stated that they had an average amount of knowledge with regard to healthy eating, while one in four had a less than average level of knowledge, and 16% opined that they had a superior knowledge of the same. These results are dependent on age and degree of formal education, and to adherence to dietary recommendations of gender, to financial situation and marital status. With regard to average dietary adherence, more women than men properly identified products harmful to human health. These last results bore little correlation to place of residence or degree of formal education. In addition, slightly more than half of the respondents (55.3%) practiced some sort of physical activity, but up 44.7% does not do any. More active were women and younger people (of both sexes), and those with higher degrees of formal education. Conclusions. Knowledge of patients with regard to diet after cardiac surgery is dependent on age and degree of formal education, and to adherence to dietary recommendations of gender, to financial situation and marital status. However, formal education and place of residence does not have a significant impact on the level of knowledge of products that are harmful to human health and behavior. Both sex, place of residence and degree of formal education have an impact on level of physical activity in general, as well as on its individual manifestations. More active are women, younger people and those with higher formal education.

2

Why is it important to monitor the diet of overweight patients with depressive disorders?

100%

Stefańska E., Wendołowicz A., Cwalina U., Kowzan U., Konarzewska B., Szulc A., Ostrowska L.

Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2014

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vol. 16

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issue 4

47-55

EN

Introduction. Studies on the dietary habits of depressive patients demonstrate frequent deviation result- ing in the development of many diseases. Purpose. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of weight reduction diet in patients with depres- sive disorders, including the assessment of changes in the intake of major nutrients that may promote al- terations in body composition during a three-month observation. Methods. The study included 77 people with excessive body weight (45 women and 32 men; average age of women 49.3±10.3 years and men 47.1± 1.2 years) treated for recurrent depressive disorders and being on a 3-month weight reduction diet. The study patients underwent anthropometric measurements and their body composition was determined with electric bio-impedance. Results. Mean weight loss in women was 2.7±2.5kg, and in men 2.0±5.6kg. There was a decrease in fat mass in women by an average of 1.8±5.7kg and in men by 1.3±7.1kg. A statistically significant reduc- tion was reported in the mean waist circumference (3.8±3.7cm) and hips (2.0 ± 1.9cm) among women. Diet modification brought a decrease in the energy value of daily diet and reduction in the supply of ma- cronutrients. Conclusions. The long-term effect of the nutritional therapy indicates the need for intensified dietary ed- ucation, both in terms of the number of dietary trainings and intensive cooperation between patient and dietician for proper selection of food products. The cooperation should not only be related to diet correc- tion, but is also expected to motivate physical activity and lifestyle changes.

3

Diet-Derived MicroRNAs: Separating the Dream from Reality

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Cottrill K. A., Chan S. Y.

microRNA Diagnostics and Therapeutics

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2014

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vol. 1

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issue 1

EN

Background: Both pleiotropic and ubiquitous, microRNAs (miRNAs) exert control over a wide range of cellular functions. They have been detected in virtually every extracellular fluid in the mammalian body, and many circulate substantial anatomical distances in plasma. Thus, secreted miRNAs are valuable not only as diagnostic tools but also may serve as novel biological effectors that can be transmitted between source and recipient tissue. Design: This review will discuss the possibility of delivering functional miRNAs from exogenously derived dietary sources. We will examine prior research interrogating the existence and relevance of such a mechanism. Findings: Recent findings have reported cross-kingdom transfer of specific plant-derived miRNAs to mammalian tissue following consumption of plant-based foods. These exogenous miRNAs were reported to be active in the recipient organisms, directing changes in gene expression at distant organ sites. In spite of this, subsequent studies have been unable to find evidence of substantial exogenous diet-derived miRNAs in mammalian circulation or tissues, regardless of diet. Conclusion: Further examination of diet-derived miRNA uptake is ongoing, but it does not appear that horizontal delivery of miRNAs via normal dietary intake is a generalizable or frequent process to maintain robust expression of these miRNAs in most higher-order animal organisms.

4

An Assessment of the Consumption of Dietary Supplements by Players of Selected Sports

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Kozirok W., Babicz-Zielińska E., Krzebietke B.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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2013

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vol. 20

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issue 2

123-128

EN

Introduction. Increasing interest in dietary supplements designed for athletes is accompanied by an increase in the number of commercial vendors offering a broad range of dietary supplements. It is also followed by phenomenon of wide availability and as a consequence universality of application of this group of preparations. The goal of this research project was to assess the use of dietary supplements by players of selected sports with consideration given to sex, age, education, level of physical activity and training experience. Material and methods. The study was conducted using the diagnostic survey method with the aid of a survey written by the authors themselves. The study population consisted of 216 athletes (100 powerlifters and 116 volleyball players) ages 16÷30. Statistical analysis of empirical material was conducted on the χ2 basis of an test (p≤0.05 or higher). Results. A clear majority of subjects claimed to be convinced that diet and dietary supplementation exerted an important influence on their athletic performance. Despite giving their own diet a favorable assessment, more than 95% of respondents reported having difficulty following the diet, while simultaneously reporting the causes of this difficulty. The subjects rated their knowledge of how diet and supplementation enhance athletic performance as either average or very good. Their primary sources of knowledge on this subject were: the Internet, periodicals and promotional materials. The role of trainers, dieticians and physiologists was relatively insignificant. Around 64% of subjects reported general use of dietary supplements, while 72.7% claimed dietary supplementation to have a positive influence on their fitness and efficiency. The popularity of supplement use depended on the character of the athletic discipline. The most frequently used supplements were, in order of popularity: vitamin and mineral preparations, creatine, carbohydrate and protein supplements, BCAA and caffeine. The subjects were convinced that supplements for athletes, despite the various contraindications concerning their use and the presence of substances banned in certain sports, are not harmful to their health. Conclusion. Use of dietary supplements by athletes is universal and depends on the type of sport played.

5

Diet of the Adélie penguin during three consecutive chick rearing periods at Laurie Island

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Libertelli M. M., Coria N., Marateo G., Libertelli M. M., Coria N., Marateo G.

Polish Polar Research

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2003

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vol. 24

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issue 2

6

Seasonal and annual changes in Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) diet in the area of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands

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Ciaputa P., Siciński J., Ciaputa P., Siciński J.

Polish Polar Research

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2006

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vol. 27

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issue 2

7

Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry to Measure the Effects of a Thirteen-Week Moderate to Vigorous Aquatic Exercise and Nutritional Education Intervention on Percent Body Fat in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities from Group Home Settings

88%

Casey A., Boyd C., MacKenzie S., Rasmussen R.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 32

221-229

EN

People with intellectual disability are more likely to be obese and extremely obese than people without intellectual disability with rates remaining elevated among adults, women and individuals living in community settings. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measured the effects of a 13-week aquatic exercise and nutrition intervention on percent body fat in eight adults with intellectual disabilities (aged 41.0 ± 13.7 yrs) of varying fat levels (15%-39%) from two group homes. A moderate to vigorous aquatic exercise program lasted for the duration of 13 weeks with three, one-hour sessions held at a 25m pool each week. Nutritional assistants educated participants as to the importance of food choice and portion size. A two-tailed Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test determined the impact of the combined intervention on body fat percentage and BMI at pre and post test. Median body fat percentage (0.8 %) and BMI (0.3 kg/m2) decreased following the exercise intervention, but neither were statistically significant, p = .11 and p = .55, respectively. The combined intervention was ineffective at reducing percent body fat in adults with intellectual disability according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. These results are in agreement with findings from exercise alone interventions and suggest that more stringent nutritional guidelines are needed for this population and especially for individuals living in group home settings. The study did show that adults with intellectual disability may participate in moderate to vigorous physical activity when given the opportunity.

8

Adaptive therapy in the rehabilitation of swallowing disorders

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Jamróz B., Szałańska M., Chmielewska J., Milewska M., Przekop Z., Niemczyk K.

Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny

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2017

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vol. 6(4)

25-28

EN

Dysphagia is an interdisciplinary problem. Doctors of different specialties (phoniatrician, ENT, gastrologist, neurologist), speech language therapists, physiotherapists and dieticians should be involved in the therapy of patients. The task of the first group is instrumental evaluation of swallowing, defining the safe consistency of fluids and foods, showing effective therapeutic maneuvers (restitutive and compensatory maneuvers), and finally - adapting the optimal diet to patient's eating ability (adaptive methods). The purpose of the study is to present a modification of the consistency of fluids and foods according to the recommendations of the International Dietary Standardization Initiative (IDDSI). The work shows the basic consistencies and tests that allow for them to be checked.

9

Nutritional strategies of young, physically active residents of Wrocław

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Ptak J., Wilk M., Turek K., Jarocki M., Krupka D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2022

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vol. 40

45-52

EN

Proper diet is a well-established factor influencing the effectiveness of training. to assess the knowledge of young sportspeople from Wrocław about sport nutritional strategies an online survey was distributed to Wrocław sport schools and clubs. the respondents were asked to answer questions regarding their sport activity, diet and the knowledge of nutrition strategies. the answers were then compared with the recommended strategies of international Society of Sports Nutrition (iSSN) and other research on this topic.147 answers were analyzed. 38% of the respondents modified their diet due to training. their most popular strategy was an additional pre-workout meal. in the group that did not modify the diet, the majority (82%) heard of some sport nutrition strategy. 52% of the respondents consumed a protein peri-workout meal. estimated 30% consume the amount of protein recommended by iSSN. Percentage of young sportspeople adjusting diet to training seems to be low, taking into account both established importance of such proceedings and awareness of sport nutrition strategies in this group. interestingly, more men than women do so. Group of respondents following well-documented iSSN recommendations is comparably modest. Perhaps the topic of nutrition strategies should be given more emphasis in schools and sport associations.

10

ASSESSMENT OF DIETARY INTAKE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS AMONG RUGBY UNION PLAYERS

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Żyła K., Stachura J., Różańska D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2014

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vol. 8

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issue 4

35-46

EN

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the energy, macronutrient an selected micronutrient intake of second league Rugby Union players and to assess the anthropometric characteristic of this group. Players (n = 44) were divided into forwards (n = 20) and backs (n = 24), who differed significantly in weight (92.6 vs 80.8 kg), BMI (28.6 vs 24.5 kg/m2) and percentage of body fat (22.0 vs 13.3%). The dietary intake was assessed using 3-day dietary recalls. There were no significant differences in dietary intake related to player position. Athletes reported a mean daily energy intake of 3613.4 ±942.6 kcal (carbohydrates 41.4%, protein 17.8%, fats 39.3%). The mean intake of carbohydrates and protein were on a level of 4.8 and 1.9 g/kg of body weight/day, respectively. Although the mean daily intake of minerals and vitamins met recommendations, some players did not reach the requirements, especially for potassium (61.4%) and vitamin C (22.7%). The differences in body compositions of the players suggest differences in the type of training and the specificity of the player’s position. These improper proportions of dietary nutrients within the study group may decrease opportunities to achieve optimum results during matches.

11

THE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS ON PSORIASIS

88%

Rzadkowolska K., Żebrowska A.

Long-Term Care Nursing

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2020

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vol. 4

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issue 3

51-58

EN

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease. It includes many forms that differ from each other in the clinical picture. In the pathogenesis of psoriasis and in exacerbations of symptoms, environmental factors are important. There are individual reports that the symptoms of psoriasis may increaseas a result of increased gluten supply in the patient’s diet. Data concerning the coexistence of this dermatosis with hypersensitivity to gluten (although it is stillinc onclusive) suggests that this factor may affect the course of the disease. Researches also indicate a relationship between psoriasis and the occurrence of obesity. Furthermore, attention is drawn to the fact that a properly composed diet enables regulation of inflammatory mechanisms that are extremely important in this disease. Numerous studies also confirm more frequent occurrence of tobacco and alcohol addiction among patients with psoriasis.

12

Morphology and elemental analysis of free range and stabled Polish Konik horses hair using Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)

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Kubiak K., Niedźwiedź A., Siwińska N., Jaworski Z., Żak A., Słowikowska M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2018

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vol. 21

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issue 1

13

First data of age, condition, growth rate and diet of invasive Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) in the Pomeranian Bay, Poland

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Rybczyk A., Czerniejewski P., Keszka S., Janowicz M., Brysiewicz A., Wawrzyniak W., Rybczyk A., Czerniejewski P., Keszka S., Janowicz M., Brysiewicz A., Wawrzyniak W.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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issue 47

14

Relationship between diet and body fat percentage in female undergraduates

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Feč R., Buková A., Brtková M.

Physical Activity Review

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2015

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vol. 3

22-31

EN

At the turn of the millennium obesity has become the most common metabolic disease due to changes in life conditions and lifestyle. The rise of overweight and obesity is the result of inadequate energy intake relative to its expense. Only 2 to 5% of all cases of overweight or obesity have objective medical causes. In view of energy balance, equally important to the amount of calories consumed is their distribution throughout the day. Other cases are clearly the result of improper lifestyle. A basic remedy to this condition appears to be an increase in the volume of regular physical activities and the establishment of an active healthy lifestyle. The aim of the research under the grant VEGA No. 1/1343/12 "Selected risk factors of obesity and its physical prevention" was to determine the relationship between selected factors of diet and the amount of body fat in female undergraduates. The study group consisted of female students at P.J. Šafarik University (n=620, average age=20.8 years). We examined the eating habits applying a non-standardized questionnaire compiled by ourselves. We followed the frequency of meals and their regularity, (breakfast, dinner), the time and quantity of the meals consumed in the evening hours. We determined the percentage of body fat using an Omron BF51 scale. We calculated the basic statistical characteristics (arithmetic mean, median). In order to detect statistically significant differences between particular variables, we applied the non-parametric Kruskal - Valis analysis of variance (H - test) and the Man - Whitney U test. Statistically significant differences in the percentage of fat was found in students divided into groups according to their responses regarding the variable "Frequency of meals" (p = 0.023), "Dinner regularity " (p = 0.001) and "Dinner time before bedtime" (p = 0.001). The research results show the importance of diet regularity and its optimal frequency. Especially important is the regularity of dinner, while the last meal should not be consumed later than 2 hours before bedtime.

15

Vegetables Enriched Diet and Oesophageal Cancer Risk. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

75%

Smolińska K., Dębińska I., Paluszkiewicz P.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2010

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vol. 82

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issue 12

639-644

EN

Oesophagus is common primary localization of digestive system cancer. Recent analyses suggest the role of vegetarian food in reduction of cancer risk. The role of vegetables intake in oesophageal cancer prevention still needs to be proved.Objective. The estimation of the role of vegetables intake in oesophageal cancer risk based on published case-control studies using meta-analysis methods.Methods. The selected literature published till 2009 from MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, CancerLit, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases were included into meta-analysis. The following search terms, key words and text phrases were used: esophageal cancer, cancer risk, oesophageal cancer risk, oesophageal neoplasm; oesophageal neoplasm risk, diet, dietary habits, vegetables and life style. Articles investigating vegetables intake were reviewed and selected for further analysis.Results. Twelve studies have fulfilled the established criteria. The meta-analysis has confirmed the protective effect of vegetables against oesophageal cancer development. The vegetables intake, more frequent than once per week, reduce oesophageal cancer risk (relative risk 0.52; 95% CI 0.38-0.71). The declared intake more frequent than once daily was connected with reduction of cancer development about of 57% (relative risk 0.43; 95% CI 0.32-0.58). The dose-dependent manner of vegetables intake was observed against oesophageal cancer development.Conclusion. The vegetables intake is associated with reduced risk of developing an oesophageal cancer. The total reduction of oesophageal cancer risk is associated with frequency of vegetables intake in the diet.

16

Wpływ czynników środowiskowych na występowanie otyłości u dzieci do 7 roku życia

75%

Czerwonogrodzka-Senczyna A., Kryńska P., Majcher A., Rumińska M., Jeznach-Steinhagen A., Pyrżak B.

Endokrynologia Pediatryczna

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2014

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vol. 13

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issue 2 (47)

17-24

EN

Introduction. The problem of obesity concern more commonly children since the earliest years. It is estimated that in Poland over 12% of children distinguish themselves in the overweight or obesity. The reasons of obesity are complex, most often it is caused by the wrong lifestyle of the family. The problem of obesity of the youngest kids is very often belittled by parents and paediatricians. The obese kid, much more then his slim peers, is endangered with the ailments from the musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system and respiratory system, during the childhood, as well as in the adult life. Objectives. the analysis of the chosen social factors on obesity of children up to 7 years old. Materials and methods. The research covers 33 children from age 2 to 7 years. Each patient’s body weight and height have been measured and the body mass index (BMI), standardized on the average and standard deviation (SD) of the population of Warsaw children, has been calculated. Among the parents and carers the questionnaire has been carried out about their dietary habits, level of physical activity of their child, the birth body weight, way and time of breast feeding, obesity occurrence in the family. The diets have been assessed in 2 groups (1-3 and 4-6 years old). The results have been compared with the appropriate dietary standards. Results. The average SDS BMI of the researched group came to 4,76 ± 1,97. At least one parent was obese in the 70% of cases, both parents at 21% of patients. Almost 67% of children have consumed sweetened beverages, as: juices, teas, water beverages and others like coca-cola. In the group of 1-3 years old the dietary nutritional value implemented 156% of the standard, whilst in the group of 4-6 years old – 108% of the standard. More then 12% of the patients have consumed fast foods at least ones a week. The diets of patients declaring more physical activity have been characterized by the subtantial lower energy value. Conclusions. The main factor influencing the children obesity is consumption of the significant amount of sweetened beverages. Additional burden is the parents’ excessive body weight, linked with the wrong life style of the whole family. Pediatr. Endocrinol. 13/2014;2(47):17-24.

PL

Wstęp. Problem otyłości coraz powszechniej dotyczy dzieci najmłodszych. Szacuje się, że w Polsce nadwaga bądź otyłość cechuje ponad 12% dzieci. Przyczyny otyłości są złożone, ale najczęściej spowodowana jest ona niewłaściwym stylem życia całej rodziny. Problem otyłości u najmłodszych nie powinien być bagatelizowany przez rodziców i lekarzy pediatrów. Otyłe dziecko może pozostać otyłym dorosłym i jest w większym stopniu narażone na dolegliwości ze strony narządów ruchu, układów: pokarmowego, sercowo-naczyniowego, oddechowego niż jego szczupli rówieśnicy. Cel pracy. Analiza wpływu wybranych czynników środowiskowych na występowanie otyłości u dzieci do 7 roku życia. Materiał i metody. Badaniem objęto 33 dzieci w wieku od 2 do 7 lat. U każdego pacjenta oceniono masę i wysokość ciała, wyliczono wskaźnik masy ciała (BMI, body mass index), który wystandaryzowano według średniej (X) i odchylenia standardowego (SD) dla populacji dzieci warszawskich. Za kryterium włączenia przyjęto rozpoznaną przez lekarza otyłość prostą (BMI ≥ 2 SDS). Wśród rodziców/opiekunów dzieci przeprowadzono wywiad obejmujący dane o: spożyciu produktów i potraw z ostatnich 48 godzin, nawykach żywieniowych rodziny, stopniu aktywności fizycznej dziecka, urodzeniowej masie ciała, sposobie i czasie karmienia w niemowlęctwie, występowaniu otyłości w rodzinie. Oceny jadłospisu dokonano w podgrupach (1–3 i 4–7 lat). Uzyskane wyniki porównano do odpowiednich norm żywieniowych. Wyniki. Średnia BMI w SDS badanej grupy wyniosła 4,76 ± 1,97. U ponad 70% dzieci przynajmniej jedno z rodziców miało otyłość, u 21% oboje. Wysoką masę urodzeniową rozpoznano u 11 badanych, 53% pacjentów było karmionych piersią ≥ 6 miesięcy. W grupie 1–3 lata wartość energetyczna diety realizowała 156% normy, w grupie 4–7 lat – 108%. Prawie 67% dzieci, spożywało dosładzane napoje, tj. soki, herbatki, wodę smakową, napoje typu cola. Żywność typu fast-food m.in. raz w tygodniu spożywało ponad 12% badanych. Większość badanych (67%) deklarowała średnią lub wysoką aktywność fizyczną. Jadłospisy pacjentów deklarujących wysoką aktywność fizyczną charakteryzowały się istotnie niższą wartością energetyczną. Wnioski. Głównymi czynnikami wpływającymi na występowanie otyłości u dzieci było spożywanie znacznych ilości dosładzanych napojów. Dodatkowe obciążenie stanowiła nadmierna masa ciała rodziców, wiążąca się z niewłaściwym stylem życia całej rodziny. Endokrynol. Ped. 13/2014;2(47):17-24.

17

Genetically identical co-housed pigs as models for dietary studies of gut microbiomes

75%

Yang F., Chia N., Mazur M., Pettigrew J., Schook L. B., White B. A.

Microbiome Science and Medicine

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2013

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vol. 1

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issue 1

EN

The impact of diet on the microbial composition in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has been well documented. However, quantifying the role of the diet in shaping microbial composition in humans has been difficult due to the influence of host genetics and the environment. To test the influence of diets on the GIT microbiome independently of host genotype and environment, two genetically identical co-housed pigs were used in an A-B-A-B design across four 14-day periods using two distinct diets that differed in dietary fiber source, soybean hulls or wheat bran. Shifts in fecal microbiomes were assessed with respect to dietary changes by 454-pyrosequencing analysis using the V3 region of the 16S rRNA genes. Similarity analysis revealed that the GIT microbiome distinctly clustered by diets rather than by individual. Diversity analysis showed that the diet fed had an influence on GIT microbiome diversity, which was host specific. While many bacterial taxa and KEGG orthologs reacted similarly to switches in diet, some bacterial taxa and KEGG orthologs reacted differentially in each of the pigs. While diet changed the GIT microbiome composition of isogenic co-housed pigs, inter-individual variations from epigenetics were not entirely eliminated by the use of cloned pigs.

18

Aspects of the life history of the Atlantic poacher, Leptagonus decagonus, in Svalbard waters

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Heggland K., Meyer Ottesen C. A., Berge J.

Polish Polar Research

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2015

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issue 1

19

Poradnictwo medyczne w renesansowej Anglii

75%

Kuropatnicki A.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

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2015

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vol. 69

158-165

EN

Renaissance England in terms of the development of medicine did not differ much from medieval England. On the contrary, there was a significant return to ancient medical theories thanks to humanistic ideas. Rediscovered manuscripts were translated into flawless Latin. At that time, medical manuals started to be written and translated into English since many humanists decided to promote medical knowledge. The everincreasing interest in medicine led to a growing demand for popular books on medical advice. The author of the article reviews books of the regimina genre published in sixteenth-century England and discusses their contents.

PL

Anglia doby renesansu pod względem rozwoju medycyny nie różniła się od Anglii średniowiecznej, a wręcz przeciwnie, nastąpił wówczas znaczący powrót do czasów starożytnych za sprawą idei humanistycznych. Manuskrypty zaczęto tłumaczyć na łacinę pozbawioną błędów i wypaczeń. Zaczęto także pisać i tłumaczyć poradniki medyczne na język angielski, ponieważ wielu humanistów decydowało się na propagowanie wiedzy medycznej. Stale rosnące zainteresowanie medycyną powodowało zwiększające się zapotrzebowanie na popularne książki z zakresu poradnictwa medycznego. Autor artykułu dokonuje przeglądu poradników medycznych wydawanych w XVI-wiecznej Anglii oraz przed-stawianych w nich treści.

20

Nawyki żywieniowe u pacjentów z cukrzycą typu 2

75%

Antczak-Komoterska A., Gołębiewska M.

Innowacje w Pielęgniarstwie i Naukach o Zdrowiu

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2020

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vol. 5

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issue 3

7-23

EN

Admission. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by a disturbance in insulin secretion. Diet is a very important element in the treatment of diabetes. It is a prerequisite for maintaining the proper concentration of glucose and fats (lipids) in the blood and optimal blood pressure. A well-chosen diet reduces the risk of diabetes complications and reduces the risk of vascular diseases. An appropriate nutrition model also plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic diabetes complications (microangiopathy, retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy). Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of eating habits on patients with type 2 diabetes. Material and methods. The paper uses the method of a diagnostic survey. The research techniques that were used for the purposes of the research process were: surveying and estimation scale technique. The tool that was used in the study was the proprietary questionnaire of the self-survey. Results. The research results show that the patients have good and bad eating habits. Positive behaviors relate to the number of meals and the way of cooking. Most women indicated that they eat 4-5 meals a day – 39,0%. The negative ones include snacking between meals (most women indicated that they some-times eat between meals – 58,0%, the least that not – 8,0%), high consumption of sweets (most women indicated that they eat sweets several times a day – 23,0%, the least indicated that 3-4 times a week – 13,0%), and lower frequency of selecting fish compared to healthy women. Conclusions. It turns out that the level of knowledge about positive eating habits is average. Therefore, the aim of preventive actions is to make the public aware of the importance of a proper diet, the number of meals taken and the way of their preparation.

PL

Wstęp. Cukrzyca jest przewlekłym schorzeniem, którego przyczyną jest zaburzenie wydzielana insuliny. Dieta jest bardzo istotnym elementem terapii cukrzycy. Warunkuje ona utrzymanie właściwego stężenia glukozy i tłuszczów (lipidów) we krwi oraz optymalne wartości ciśnienia tętniczego. Dobrze dobrana dieta zmniejsza ryzyko wystąpienia powikłań cukrzycy, jak również redukuje ryzyko chorób naczyniowych. Właściwy model żywienia odgrywa także ważną rolę w prewencji i leczeniu przewlekłych powikłań cukrzycy (mikroangiopatii, retinopatii i nefropatii cukrzycowej. Cel. Celem niniejszej pracy byłą ocena wpływu nawyków żywieniowych na pacjentów z cukrzycą typu 2. Materiał i metody. W pracy wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. Technikami badawczymi, jakimi posłużono się dla potrzeb procesu badawczego były: ankietowanie oraz technika skali szacunkowej. Narzędziem, które zostało użyte w badaniu był autorskim kwestionariusz ankiety własnej. Wyniki. Wyniki badań przedstawiają, że pacjentki posiadają dobre i złe nawyki żywieniowe. Pozytywne zachowania dotyczą liczby posiłków i sposobu przyrządzania potraw. Najwięcej kobiet wskazało, że w ciągu dnia spożywa 4-5 posiłków – 39,0%. Do negatywnych zaliczymy podjadanie między posiłkami (najwięcej kobiet wskazało, że czasami dojada między posiłkami – 58,0%, najmniej że nie – 8,0%), wysoką konsumpcję słodyczy (najwięcej kobiet wskazało, że słodycze spożywa kilka razy dziennie – 23,0%, najmniej wskazało, że 3-4 razy na tydzień – 13,0%), oraz mniejszą częstotliwość wybierania ryb w porównaniu z kobietami zdrowymi. Wnioski. Okazuje się, że poziom wiedzy na temat pozytywnych nawyków żywieniowych jest na średnim poziomie. Celem działań prewencyjnych zatem jest uświadomienie społeczeństwu, jak ważna jest prawidłowa dieta, ilość przyjmowanych posiłków i sposób ich przyrządzania.

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