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Strength Training in the Elderly People

100%

Trzaskoma Z., Trzaskoma Ł., Krzesicka A.

Advances in Rehabilitation

2013

vol. 27

issue 1

42-54

Aging is characterized by numerous changes that affect structures at the molecular, cellular, organ and whole organism. One of the effects of decreasing physical activity and the progressive aging of the human body is a systematic decline in muscle strength paralleled by a deterioration in the basic activities of daily living. Exercises, including exercises aimed at increasing muscle strength, performed by older people slow down the aging process and prevent the occurrence of many diseases. However, even the constant and regular physical activity can not prevent a age-related loss of strength, the adaptive changes in the central nervous system and muscles caused by the use of strength training can largely compensate for this process. Exercises aimed at increasing strength and muscle mass, commonly called strength exercises, is the world’s well-known and used by the elderly. In Poland, the model of the physical improvement of the elderly is based almost exclusively on endurance and stretching exercises, and the use of traditional strength exercises is often cause for concern. Aim of this work is to justify the need for exercises aimed at increasing muscle strength in older people and presentation of the results of their use.

Comparison of distant effects of early, stationary rehabilitation with domestic rehabilitation after instructing women subjected to radical breast amputation as a result of cancer

84%

Niedbała E., Kołodziejski L.

Medical Rehabilitation

2013

vol. 17(2)

4-10

Wstęp: Radykalna amputacja piersi prowadzi często do ograniczenia ruchomości w stawie ramiennym i osłabienia siły mięśniowej kończyny górnej po stronie operowanej, co opóźnia powrót do codziennej aktywności i pracy zawodowej. Cel: Porównanie odległych wyników wczesnej rehabilitacji stacjonarnej i ambulatoryjnej z indywidualnym usprawnianiem domowym po instruktażu u kobiet poddanych radykalnej amputacji piersi z powodu raka. Materiał i metody: Badaniami objęto grupę 146 „Amazonek” w wieku 32-83 lat, u których w latach 2002-2009 wykonano jednostronną radykalną amputację piersi sposobem Maddena. 71 kobiet operowano w Centrum Onkologii w Krakowie (grupa małopolska - M) i 75 w Świętokrzyskim Centrum Onkologii w Kielcach (grupa świętokrzyska - Ż). W grupie M wczesną rehabilitację pooperacyjną prowadziły przeszkolone pielęgniarki i wolontariuszki Klubu „Amazonka”, a chore kontynuowały samodzielnie ćwiczenia w domu. W grupie Ż kompleksową rehabilitację w warunkach stacjonarnych wykonywali zawodowi fizjoterapeuci. Od wszystkich kobiet uzyskano dane dotyczące wieku, przebytego leczenia i rehabilitacji, źródła utrzymania, rodzaju wykonywanych prac domowych oraz pracy zawodowej. Dokonano obustronnych pomiarów zakresu ruchów w stawie ramiennym i siły ścisku globalnego ręki. Obie grupy porównano pod względem cech antropometrycznych, przebytego leczenia oraz zdolności do wykonywania prac domowych i pracy zawodowej. Wyniki: Kobiety obu grup (M i Ż) cechowały się podobnymi zakresami ruchomości w stawach ramiennych i siłą ścisku globalnego ręki. Podobny odsetek kobiet z obu grup powrócił do wykonywania codziennych zajęć domowych i kontynuacji pracy zawodowej. Wnioski: 1. Mimo różnic w podejściu do wczesnej rehabilitacji w obu ośrodkach referencyjnych pacjentki z obu województw (M i Ż) nie różniły się istotnie zakresem ruchomości stawu ramiennego i siłą ścisku globalnego ręki. 2. Niezależnie od rodzaju wczesnej rehabilitacji podobny odsetek kobiet powrócił do codziennych czynności domowych i pracy zawodowej. 3. Uzyskane wyniki sugerują, że sposób prowadzenia rehabilitacji nie jest czynnikiem decydującym o wynikach usprawniania kobiet poddanych radykalnej amputacji piersi z powodu raka.

Introduction: Radical breast amputation often results in decreased shoulder mobility on the operated side and a reduction in the muscular strength of the upper limb, which delays a return to daily activities and professional work.The objective of the research: A comparison of the distant effects of early, stationary rehabilitation with domestic rehabilitation after instructing women subjected to radical breast amputation as a result of cancer. Materials and methods: 146 women of the ‘Amazon’ Club aged 32-83 were tested following a one-sided breast amputation using Madden’s method (carried out between 2002-2009). 71 were operated on at the Oncological Centre in Krakow (the Małopolska group) and 75 at the Świętokrzyskie Oncological Centre in Kielce (the Świętokrzyska group). In the Małopolska group early postoperative rehabilitation was conducted by trained nurses and volunteers of the ‘Amazon’ Club, and the patients continued their exercises on their own at home. In the Świętokrzyska group a complex form of rehabilitation in stationary conditions was conducted by professional physiotherapists. Data from all the women was obtained including the patient’s age, past treatment and rehabilitation as well as their livelihood, the type of housework they do and their professional employment. Measurements of movements in the shoulder joint and palm muscle flexor strength were carried out. Both groups were compared in terms of anthropometric features, past treatment and the ability to perform housework and professional work.Results: The women in both groups obtained similar results of mobility in their upper extremity and hand flexor strength. The percentage of women who returned to housework and professional employment was similar. Conclusions: 1. In spite of the difference in the methods of early postoperative rehabilitation in both oncological centres, the patients in both provinces (M and Ś) did not differ significantly as far as mobility in their shoulder joints and hand flexor strength was concerned. 2. Regardless of the sort of early rehabilitation a similar percentage of women returned to their everyday tasks and professional forms of employment . 3. The results obtained suggest that the way in which rehabilitation is conductedis not a decisive factor determining the rehabilitation outcome for women treated surgically for breast cancer.

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1 Advances in Rehabilitation

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Strength Training in the Elderly People

Comparison of distant effects of early, stationary rehabilitation with domestic rehabilitation after instructing women subjected to radical breast amputation as a result of cancer