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Meteoryty marsjańskie – czy rzeczywiście pochodzą z Marsa?

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Brzózka K., Woźniak M., Gałązka-Friedman J.
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vol. 15
27-46
EN
Although the concept of Martian meteorites was not yet known 50 years ago, today there are nearly 400 meteorites in this group. Only five of them were observed falling to Earth, the rest were found many years after their fall. They are all achondrites and, with a few exceptions, they all belong to the SNC (Shergotty-Nakhla-Chassigny) clan. At the end of the last century, the origin of these meteorites was hotly discussed and is intensively studied to this day. There is more and more evidence that their parent body is Mars. The main factor is the age of crystallization of SNC meteorites, repeatedly determined using various methods, mainly isotopic ones. This age does not exceed 2.4 billion years which is much less than the age of the Solar System, i.e. 4.6 billion years. Specific mineral and isotopic composition and proportion of gases trapped in the form of bubbles in the meteorite shock glass, identical in terms of noble gas content to the Martian atmosphere, also clearly points to Mars as the parent body of Martian meteorites. A significant contribution to the study of Martian meteorites is made by investigations carried out using Mössbauer spectroscopy based on iron, to determine the mineral composition of Martian meteorites and to compare the results with those obtained by spectrometers installed on Mars rovers during the MER – Mars Exploration Mission.
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