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Does the use of chlorhexidine gel reduce the frequency of surgical site infections?

100%
Kolasiński W., Pomorski L.
Polish Journal of Surgery
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2020
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vol. 92(3)
26-31
EN
Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSI) involve 2–11% of all surgical procedures. Paper assumption: The use of 6% gel with chlorhexidine as an element of preoperative skin preparation of the operated area reduces the number of surgical site infections. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of body mass index (BMI), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), total protein, glucose, length of hospitalization before surgery, duration of surgery, length of drainage maintenance, transfusion of red blood concentrate on the number of SSI. Materials and methods: 248 patients were subjected to prospective analysis. Patients were operated at the Department of General and Oncological Surgery of the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Zgierz. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the microbiological degree of cleanliness of the postoperative wound: Group I – clean wounds, Group II – cleancontaminated wounds, Group III – contaminated wounds, which also included emergency surgerical procedures. In each group two subgroups were distinguished depending on the method of preoperative preparation of the surgical field: A – gel without CHG, B – 6% gel with CHG. Results: Surgical site infections were found in 22 patients (8.9%). The respective frequencies for groups I, II, III are: 3.0% vs 12.9% vs 12.7%. An increase in NLR by one unit resulted in a higher incidence of surgical site infections by 11%. A transfusion of RBC to the patient resulted in a 3.5-fold increase in the frequency of surgical site infections. Extending the drain maintenance time by one day increases the SSI frequency by 41%. Lowering the total protein concentration by at least 1 g/dl below normal increases the risk of surgical site infections almost three times. Conclusions: The use of a 6% gel preparation with chlorhexidine as an element of preoperative preparation of the surgical field reduces the risk of surgical site infections, especially in clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds.
2
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Will antiseptics become the standard in ophthalmology in the future?

80%
Szumny D.
OphthaTherapy
|
2023
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vol. 10
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issue 3
190-194
EN
Antiseptics are a group of substances widely used in ophthalmology for many years. They are well established, especially in the prevention of perioperative infections. For decontamination in ophthalmology, a 5% povidone-iodine solution is used as a standard for the conjunctival sac. It is considered the most effective preoperative antisepsis. In patients with an allergy to iodine, a solution of 0.05% chlorhexidine is recommended. There are also attempts to use other antiseptics and antibiotics for perioperative prophylaxis. Recently, there has also been interest in potential use antiseptics for the treatment of conjunctivitis.
3
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Surgical site infections – review of current knowledge, methods of prevention

80%
Kolasiński W.
Polish Journal of Surgery
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2019
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vol. 91(4)
41-47
EN
Introduction: Surgical site infections have accompanied humanity since the dawn of time. Development of medicine has reduced their percentage, but still they are a huge problem to face with. Surgical site infections cause a significant increase in a cost of hospitalization. This is the main reason why the whole scientific world is looking for prevention of these complications. Materials and methods: The aim of the paper is to present current views on the etiology and methods of prevention of surgical site infection. Results: Patients own pathogens are most often responsible for surgical site infections. In hospitalizations over 5–7 days exogenous and hospital flora have the advantage. The most common isolated pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. The percentage of MRSA – resistant methicillin strains is increasing. Pre-operative antibiotic therapy reduces the frequency of surgical site infection in many surgical procedures. Time of administration, type and dose of antibiotic play an important role in preventing post-operative infections. Pre-operative skin antiseptic is also important. The two most commonly used ingredients are chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine. Recent reports point the chlorhexidine alcohol solution as an agent with a higher degree of efficacy. Conclusions: In 2017 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published the new guidelines for prevention of surgical site infections. This practical tips and tricks should be implemented to every surgical procedure.
4
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In vitro susceptibility of oral Candida albicans isolates to chlorhexidine

80%
Biernasiuk A., Szymańska J., Kustra A., Korona-Głowniak I., Malm A.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2018
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vol. 75
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issue 3
EN
Fungal infections are an important medical problem in patients from different risk groups. The majority of these infections are caused by Candida spp., with over 50 % due to C. albicans. The purpose of the study was to evaluate in vitro chlorhexidine effect on C. albicans colonizing the mouth and throat isolated from 5 population groups. The study material included the reference strains of C. albicans ATCC 2091 and C. albicans ATCC 10231, routinely used for evaluation of antimicrobials, and 120 clinical isolates of C. albicans from: hospitalized cancer patients (30 isolates), chronic HCV patients (31 isolates), immunocompromised patients (28 isolates), healthy school-age children (31 isolates), elderly people – aged 65 years or older (30 isolates). Chlorhexidine inhibited the growth of C. albicans at the concentrations of 0.625-5 µg/ml (in particular, 2.5 µg/ml solution was effective against strains from immunocompromised patients and 5 µg/ml – against the remaining isolates). The yeasts were also killed by 2.5-20 µg/ml chlorhexidine solutions. The concentration of 5 µg/ml was particularly active against the strains isolated from the elderly, immunocompromised and lung cancer patients, while 10 µg/ml inhibited the growth of the strains from the remaining two groups. Moreover, C. albicans isolates from hepatitis C patients and healthy children comparing to strains from the elderly were less sensitive to chlorhexidine fungicidal effect and these differences were statistically significant. According to our studies, the fungicidal effect of chlorhexidine seems to depend on the origin of the tested oral C. albicans strains from various patient groups.
5
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Therapeutic activity of chlorhexidine-poloxamer antiseptic gel on wound healing in rats: a preclinical study

61%
Babickaite L., Grigonis A., Ramanauskiene K., Matusevicius A. P., Zamokas G., Daunoras G., Ivaskiene M.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2018
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vol. 21
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issue 1
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