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Carbonization of solid uranyl-ascorbate gel as an indirect step of uranium carbide synthesis

100%
Brykala M., Rogowski M., Olczak T.
Nukleonika
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2015
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vol. 60
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issue 4
921-925
EN
The studies of the synthesis of uranium carbide from uranyl-ascorbate gels using the complex sol-gel process (CSGP) have been carried out. The synthesis of uranyl-ascorbate mixture as liquid sol from uranium trioxide and ascorbic acid and solid gel by extraction of water from sol were carefully examined. Ascorbic acid was used as a complexing agent in complex sol-gel process and as a carbon source. The crucial step to obtain final uranium carbides from the aforementioned substrates is the carbonization process. The thermal behavior of ascorbic acid and uranyl-ascorbate gels in a nitrogen atmosphere in the temperature range of 25-900°C were investigated using TG-DTG. Furthermore, the products of the carbonization of uranyl-ascorbate gels in nitrogen, argon and vacuum atmosphere were identified by X-ray diffraction. TG-DTG was used also as a method for determining of carbon residues in the samples.
2
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Salix viminaliswood as a new precursor for manufacturing of carbon molecular sieves for effective methane/nitrogen separation

100%
Gorska O., Cyganiuk A. W., Olejniczak A., Ilnicka A., Lukaszewicz J. P.
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issue 1
EN
Separation of a methane/nitrogen gas mixture was investigated by means of carbon molecular sieves (CMS) obtained from a newly discovered “green” resource: Salix viminalis. This plant grows quickly, yields hard wood and is frequently cultivated for energy purposes (renewable green fuel). Unconventional applications such as charcoal fabrication using this sort of wood are very rare. Carbonization of the wood (1–3 h, 600–700°C) yields carbons with a very narrow pore size distribution (determined by N2 adsorption at -196°C) resembling a perfect CMS. The diameter of most pores (ca. 0.8 nm) is comparable to the size of simple molecules, thus enabling separation. The sieving effect was proven in an industrially important process of CH4/N2 separation at 30–70°C. Despite relatively minor differences of the size of the molecules, the experiment demonstrated that separation factors are placed in the range 3.64–10.20. Additional experiments involving krypton proved that the separation mechanism is based on a geometric factor i.e. the known size and shape of the molecules under separation.
3
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Preparation of sorbents from selected polymers

88%
Ciesińska W., Makomaski G., Zieliński J., Brzozowska T.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2011
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vol. 13
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issue 1
51-54
EN
In this work, the results of studies on the preparation of sorbents from selected polymers were presented. The polymers were carbonized and subsequently physically activated by steam or carbon dioxide, or alternatively, chemically activated with potassium hydroxide. For the obtained materials, a specific area was evaluated by means of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and benzene adsorption, iodine number was also determined. The obtained results indicated a possibility to procure hydrophobic sorbents of microporous structure. Sorbents having the best properties, i.e. the specific area of above 2000 m2/g were produced from poly(ethylene terephthalate) and phenol-formaldehyde resin.
4
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Supplementary research of clinoptilolite-rich tuff composites after adsorption trials using the XPS technique

88%
Chmielewská E., Tylus W., Morvová M.
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EN
The paper deals with fabrication of carbonized and hydrophobized clinoptilolite-rich tuff using organic carbon rich substances, here particularly starch and waste vegetable residues, which were pyrolytically combusted and covered the external zeolite surface. Hydrophobization of the zeolite external surface was accomplished by octadecylammonium surfactant. Both surface modified clinoptilolite-rich tuffs were tested and compared with each other with regard to removal of organic (phenol) and inorganic (chromate, arsenate) pollutants from aqueous solutions. These elaborated composites with surface adsorbed pollutant species were analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
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