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The assessment of muscle strength symmetry in kayakers and canoeists

100%

Wietrzyński M., Mazur-Różycka J., Gajewski J., Michalski R., Różycki S., Buśko K.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

2013

vol. 5

issue 1

65-71

Study aim: To determine and compare the muscle strength profile and muscle strength symmetry of kayakers and canoeists. Material and methods: A total of 36 male participants participated in the study, including 25 kayakers and 9 canoeists. Measurements of maximum muscle torque were taken under static conditions for 10 muscle groups: flexors and extensors of the elbow, shoulder, knee, hip, and trunk. Muscle torque was allometrically scaled by body mass. To determine the muscle strength profiles of athletes in both disciplines, residual analysis was used. Two methods were utilized to assess and compare the muscle strength symmetry between left and right limbs. The first one is known as intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The second one is an asymmetry coefficient proposed by authors. Results: The study showed that kayakers obtained lower rates of asymmetry indicators than canoeists in most muscle groups. An overall asymmetry coefficient amounted to 0.77 ± 0.20 and 0.99 ± 0.31 (p < 0.05) for kayakers and canoeists, respectively. Moreover, it was observed that the kayakers and canoeists had similar strength profile. The symmetry assessment of maximum muscle torque corresponds to the characteristics of the studied disciplines. Conclusions: The intraclass correlation coefficient is recommended as a measure of strength symmetry for muscle groups comparisons. The asymmetry coefficient is recommended for comparison of individuals.

Equal Opportunities in the Field of Sports - An Investigation of History, Environmental Factors, Facility Network and Organisational Circumstances in Cross-Country Skiing and Canoeing in Finland

86%

Pavelka B., Suomi K., Tietäväinen H.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

2009

vol. 46

issue 1

220-228

Services in the field of sports as a public service and as a voluntary-based civil initiative are developing on the grounds of national, regional history, environmental factors, and governmental policy, which then educate expert personnel, provide directly or induce indirectly finance for operation and facility construction. In this article the authors analyse whether equal opportunity exists in practising cross-country skiing or canoeing in Finland. Finland is one of the richest countries in Europe when it comes to natural space. The legislative basis to practice nature-based, outdoor recreational and competitive sports is laid down in the "Everyman's Right". Both of the examined sports have a long history in Finland. The weather and environment are more than suitable for practising either of these sports. The facility network is well developed for cross-country skiing but insufficient for canoeing. A magnitude difference to be found in the popularity of the two sports. By utilising the historical and natural resources and bettering organisational effectiveness, development has broad perspectives in canoeing.

Paracanoeing – A New Sport at Paralympic Games

72%

Starczewski M.

Advances in Rehabilitation

2013

vol. 27

issue 1

55-60

At the Paralympic Games in 2016 paracanoeing will be recognized as a Paralympic discipline. As this competitive sport discipline has just recently been introduced among disabled people this study attempts to present basic rules of this disciplines well as its classification and division into sport categories. The division of paracanoers according to gender, boat type - K-1 (single kayak), K-2 (double kayak), V-1 (single canoe), V-2 (double canoe) - is also described, as well as the system of classification according to the type of disability (in this system three groups are identified: LTA - functional legs, trunk and arms, TA - trunk and arms, A - arms). The study also outlines the process of categorizing competitors into different sport classes which is further divided into functional and medical classification. The study provides a review of literature on canoeing for disabled people and information provided by the International Canoe Federation (ICF) for the provisions of the sport and competitors classification. In the study practical tips on how to adapt equipment to the needs of paracanoers will also be provided. One can assume that in the near future due to its inclusion in the Paralympic Games the interest in canoeing will grow among disabled people who enjoy being active, whereas development of equipment and methods of its adaptation will make this sport discipline available to anyone interested.

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1 Advances in Rehabilitation

1 Biomedical Human Kinetics

1 Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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1 2009

1 Buśko K.

1 Gajewski J.

1 Mazur-Różycka J.

1 Michalski R.

1 Pavelka B.

1 Różycki S.

1 Starczewski M.

1 Suomi K.

1 Tietäväinen H.

1 Wietrzyński M.

Search results

The assessment of muscle strength symmetry in kayakers and canoeists

Equal Opportunities in the Field of Sports - An Investigation of History, Environmental Factors, Facility Network and Organisational Circumstances in Cross-Country Skiing and Canoeing in Finland

Paracanoeing – A New Sport at Paralympic Games