Search results

1

Results of a multi-centre survey concerning the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer in Poland in 2009–2013

100%

Jagiełło-Gruszfeld A.

OncoReview

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 1

A21-A26

EN

In order to present a reliable picture of hormone-dependent breast cancer treatment in Poland, an on-line survey has been conducted in 19 oncology centres. As a result, data on the treatment of 486 patients have been obtained (405 of them initially presenting with stage I–III of disease advancement, and 81 representing stage IV). It has been concluded that in the majority of cases the treatment in question involves combined therapy, including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted molecular therapy, radiotherapy, and surgical methods with reference to the group of patients subjected to radical treatment.

2

Stomach metastasis from breast cancer-mimicking linitis plastica

100%

Czerko K., Ostrowski M., Bodnar L.

OncoReview

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2022

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vol. 12

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issue 3

65-67

EN

We report a rare case of metastatic gastric cancer from invasive carcinoma of the breast (BC) as the first symptom of disease-mimicking primary gastric linitis plastica.

3

Retrospective analysis of local recurrence rate in breast cancer patients treated at the department of surgical oncology in Łódź between 2009 and 2013

100%

Morawiec J., Dziki A., Morawiec Z., Kołacińska A.

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vol. 86

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issue 2

77-81

EN

The aim of the study was to analyze clinicopathological features in breast cancer patients with local recurrence (LR). Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of database of breast cancer patients operated on in the Department of Surgical Oncology in Łódź from 2 January 2009 to 30 June 2013, identified 1080 women with primary breast cancer and 11 patients with LR. Results. LR rate was 0.23% per year. True recurrence (TR) occurred more frequently in patients with luminal B molecular subtype, in HER-2 positive and in triple-negative subgroups. In one patient with luminal -A subtype new primary (triple negative) occurred. TR were noted predominantly in patients with axillary lymph nodes metastases and with luminal B subtype who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy but were given only endocrine therapy. LR were observed more frequently in patients who did not receive adjuvant radiotherapy or this treatment was delayed. Minimal surgical margins in postoperative specimens measured by pathologist were 4-25 mm, mean 9.5 mm. Conclusions. The LR rate in patients operated on breast cancer in the Department of Surgical Oncology between 2009 and 2013 was low. TR was diagnosed in patients with non- luminal A breast cancer despite wide surgical margins, especially if the patients did not receive optimal adjuvant systemic treatment or radiotherapy was delayed or omitted. Complete cancer excision followed by an immediate implementation of optimal adjuvant treatment seems to be crucial especially in patients with poor tumor biology.

4

Biomarkers in breast cancer

100%

Laguens G., Coronato S., Girolamo W.

Open Medicine

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2006

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vol. 1

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issue 4

330-347

EN

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among women in the western world. Due to the aggressive behaviour of some specific types and the possibility of an early diagnosis, breast cancer has been constantly studied. Tumour size, histological type, cellular and nuclear characteristics, mitotic index, vascular invasion, hormonal receptors and axillary lymph node status are biomarkers routinely used. However, these parameters are not enough to predict the course of this disease. Molecular biology advances have made it possible to find new markers, which have already been incorporated to the clinical practice. Their ultimate goal is to reduce mortality by identifying women at risk for the development of this disease, help diagnosis, determine prognosis, detect recurrences, monitor and guide treatment, and in particular cancers they are suited for general screening. Tumour markers in breast cancer were ranked in categories reflecting their clinical utility, according to the American College of Pathologists. This article focuses on traditional and new molecular markers stratifying them into categories and emphasizing their relevance in the routine evaluation of patients with breast cancer.

5

Depression and Anxiety Before and After Breast Amputation in Women

85%

Nowicki A., Szwed A., Laskowski R.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2008

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vol. 80

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issue 7

377-384

EN

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women. The diagnosis of neoplastic disease produces or deepens anxiety and depression in a patient.The aim of the study was to assess the influence of surgery and socio-demographic factors on the level of anxiety and depression in women suffering from breast cancer.Material and methods. 50 women (30-71 years old, mean age 54.7 years) with breast cancer were enrolled into the study. They were assessed two times - before and after surgery. To evaluate the level of depression BECK scale was used. It consists of 21 points that determine the level of depression. HAD scale containing seven descriptions of a patient's status was used to assess the level of anxiety.Results. Most of patients (17(34%) women had vocational education. More than half of the analyzed women were free of depression both before and after surgery, 50 % and 60% respectively. 2% of all women had extremely deep depression preoperatively. A normal and high level of anxiety before surgery was felt by 21 (42%) and 21 (42%) women respectively.A high level of anxiety was found in 15 patients (30%) postoperatively. The level of depression after surgery decreased in 32 women and psychological status was deteriorated in 9 patients according to BECK scale. The level of anxiety after surgery decreased in 30 patients and deteriorated in 8 cases according to HAD scale. The intensity of anxiety decreased after surgical treatment. The most intensive increase in depression was observed in women with secondary education (51 points) before surgery and 35 points in women with vocational education after surgery. The highest level of anxiety before surgical treatment was found in women with secondary as well as vocational education (21 points). Whereas the highest level of anxiety after surgery was observed in patients with secondary education. (21 points). The hardest depression was observed in working patients (51 points) preoperatively and they still had the hardest depression (35 points) postoperatively, too. The level of anxiety was highest in working women both preoperatively and postoperatively (21 points). The most intensive depression before surgery was observed in women at middle social status (35 points) and this tendency was observed also after surgery. The level of anxiety before surgery was the highest in women with good and middle social status (21 points). After surgery it was the highest in patients with middle social status (21 points). The most intensive depression before surgical treatment was found in patients between 51 and 60 years old (51 points). The hardest depression after surgery was observed in women between 41 and 50 years old (35 points). The highest level of anxiety was felt by patients between 41 and 50 and between 51 and 60 years old (21 points) preoperatively and in women between 51 and 60 years old (21 points) postoperatively.Conclusions. The intensity of depression and anxiety in women with breast cancer decreased significantly after mastectomy. Patients with university education had lower levels of anxiety and depression both before and after surgery. Working women with average social status had the highest levels of anxiety and depression both before and after surgical treatment. The age of a patient did not influence significantly on the levels of anxiety and depression both before and after surgery.

6

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome in the course of breast cancer

80%

Ciszewska A., Głogowski Ł., Witkoś A., Rusinowska Z., Nowakowska-Zajdel E.

OncoReview

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 2

A76-80

EN

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are a group of rarely observed disorders, accompanying about 1% of cancer diseases. They have a typically aggressive course, leading to profound and essentially irreversible disability. The pathogenic cause behind PNS is damage of the nervous system structures as a consequence of the body’s immunological reaction induced by cancer. Onconeural antibodies generated as part of the reaction target the tumour tissues, but also the regular nervous tissue recognized as antigens. Presence of onconeural antibodies reveals a 50–60% sensitivity and 100% specificity in diagnosing PNS. Imaging and laboratory tests have a limited impact on diagnosis. What is crucial is the analysis of clinical systems following Graus’s criteria (elaborated in 2004). In the case presented here, the patient underwent treatment in many neurological departments due to the symptoms of progressive damage of the nervous system. She was eventually diagnosed with the stiff person syndrome related to breast cancer. In spite of the treatment, including an efficacious oncological therapy, the severe neurological deficit resulted in serious motor disability.

7

Isolated Humeral Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patient

80%

Madej B., Bednarek A., Janikowska K.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2009

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vol. 81

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issue 11

532-534

EN

The article reports a case of pathological fracture of the left humerus which occurred on the second postoperative day after a right-side modified radical mastectomy in patient primary diagnosed with an early stage of breast cancer. Lack of any clinical symptoms of bone metastasis were observed before surgery. The patient received operative treatment, i.e. resection of diaphyseal lesion and stabilization of the fracture with Rush rods and a plate were performed. Apart from that, bone defect was filled with concrete. In the fifth year of observation the patient feels well, there has been no recurrence of the disease detected. The left upper limb is fully mobile. The role of routine preoperative scintigraphy is discussed.

8

Acceptance of the illness and the quality of life of patients with breast cancer

80%

Kamińska M., Ciszewski T., Bronikowska A., Ferańska M., Pawlak-Warszawska A., Paśnik E.

Polish Journal of Public Health

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2015

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vol. 124

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issue 1

5-9

EN

Introduction. Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer diagnosed in women. Its treatment is a combined therapy and the sequence and time are established according to the accepted standards in Poland. Consequences posed by this disease include disorder in the physical, mental and social spheres in women. Adapting to cancer is very important for the process of treatment, and the acceptance of the disease is the determinant. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine and compare the degree of acceptance of the illness and the assessment of quality of life among breast cancer patients during cancer treatment. Material and methods. The survey included 85 ill people treated in a conserving way and 94 ill people treated by breast amputation. Patients after the surgical procedure were subjected to adjuvant treatment involving chemotherapy (90 women) and/or endocrine therapy (87 women). The study used standardized questionnaires EORTC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer): QLQC-30 and the scale (AIS Approval IIIness Scale). Results. The highest level of acceptance of the disease, so the best ability to adapt to cancer have those women who have undergone radical mastectomy and adjuvant hormone therapy during the treatment. The lowest level of acceptance of the illness, expressed as a negative assessment was observed in women after BCT and during chemotherapy treatment. The use of the EORTC QLQC-30 to assess the overall health and quality of life of patients allowed us to capture statistically significant differences in the percentages stating good health, with the relatively highest negative response rates which were observed in the subgroups treated with chemotherapy and hormone therapy. With regard to the highest quality of life, the percentage of negative responses was observed in subgroups treated with the use of hormone therapy and after mastectomy. Conclusions. Good acceptance of the disease was obtained by women treated for breast cancer who have undergone mastectomy in the course of adjuvant endocrine therapy. The assessment of general health and quality of life was influenced by oncological treatment. Patients during chemotherapy and hormone therapy showed a negative impact of this form of treatment on overall well-being and functioning.Patients after mastectomy and during hormone therapy treatment showed a comparatively lower quality of life compared to a group of patients after BCT and during treatment with chemotherapy

9

Efficacy and safety of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in metastatic breast cancer therapy

80%

Wójcik E., Kufel-Grabowska J., Gierba-Tomczyk J.

OncoReview

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2017

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vol. 7

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issue 4

162-167

EN

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed female cancer in Poland (over 17,500 women). Anthracyclines have become one of the most important drugs in breast cancer systemic treatment. In the treatment of metastatic disease combination chemotherapy with doxorubicin provides the objective response rate of 60–85%, and the median time of progression-free survival is about 12 months. Non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (NPLD) in combination with cyclophosphamide is associated with a lower risk of cardiotoxicity, higher efficacy and more favourable toxicity profile as compared with conventional anthracycline regimes. Two cases of females patients treated with NPLD described in this article demonstrate the importance of the choice of chemotherapy, professional monitoring, early detection and treatment of adverse effects. Non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin ordained in systemic treatment of stage IV breast cancer prolongs survival and enhances the quality of life. It is a reasonable option for palliative therapy.

10

Knowledge about prevention, risk factors and treatment in women with diagnosed breast cancer. Whether the disease affects their healthy behaviour?

80%

Nowicki A., Rusak K., Rhone P.

OncoReview

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 2

A81-90

EN

Objective. The assessment of knowledge about prevention and risk factors of women with diagnosed breast cancer. Material and methods. The study involved 100 women aged from 28 to 82 years (median 56.2 years) who were treated at the Oncology Center in Bydgoszcz in 2014 for breast cancer. Author’s original questionnaire containing questions on knowledge about breast cancer as well as environmental and demographic data was used in this research. Results. Self-examination of a breast was made by 83% of women, 85% of women benefited from invitations for mammography. 56% of women knew how often mammography should be repeated but only 28% knew at what age it should be started. Tumor in a breast (20.5%) and “pulling” nipples (14.4%) were the most frequently reported symptoms of a cancer. In terms of risk factors, genetics (32.2%) and unhealthy lifestyle (16.3%) were the factors pointed by women most often. Every third women indicated only one factor while every four indicated three factors. 69% of the respondents increased their knowledge after falling ill, from the Internet (20.5%) as well as from information leaflets and brochures (16.6%). Women’s knowledge about breast cancer was at the edge of low and average levels and the average value was 11.7 points. More knowledge had women with higher education 12.95 points, single 12.9 and young women 12.3. Conclusions. The knowledge about the disease among women with diagnosed breast cancer was unsatisfactory and did not depend on age, marital status, place of residence, type of work but on education level only. Older and uneducated women had less knowledge, particularly about factors increasing the risk of developing the disease. The Internet, information leaflets and brochures were the primary source of knowledge about the disease, not a doctor or a nurse. Women with breast cancer were aware of the importance of preventive tests. They declared that they can perform self-examination. The most frequently reported symptoms of cancer are tumor and “pulling” nipples.

11

Same quality of life for polish breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy and breast reconstruction or breast-conserving therapy

80%

Szutowicz-Wydra B., Wydra J., Ciesielski M., Kruszewski W. J., Szajewski M., Walczak J., Hansdorfer-Korzon R.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2016

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vol. 88(5)

464-474

EN

Breast cancer often requires combined oncologic treatments, the base of which is surgery. Quality of life (QoL) after each surgical procedure may influence the process of decision making among women, who qualify for multiple oncological strategies. Our knowledge about QoL in breast cancer patients is derived from comparative studies. Results may differ, depending on country, culture, and societal relations. The aim of the study was to investigate the quality of life of Polish patients treated with breastconserving therapy (BCT) or mastectomy with breast reconstruction. Material and methods. The study involved women who underwent surgery for breast cancer in the Department of Surgical Oncology of the Gdynia Oncology Center from September 2010 to November 2013. Eighty-two breast reconstructions (in 79 patients) and 226 BCT procedures were performed. QoL was measured with the use of EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires. Results. Global QoL was high in both groups and did not differ significantly. Body image was slightly better after BCT than after mastectomy with breast reconstruction, but sexual QoL was lower. Future perspective was quite low in both groups. Disease symptoms were not bothering. Conclusions. The global QoL among Polish breast cancer patients treated with BCT or mastectomy with breast reconstruction is high and does not differ between groups. There is a need for anxiety and disease-related fear prophylaxis and for the improvement of sex life of breast cancer survivors.

12

Therapy with liposomal doxorubicin in patients with advanced breast cancer after treatment with classical doxorubicin

80%

Kufel-Grabowska J.

OncoReview

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 3

A103-108

EN

Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in the world and in Poland. The improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic methods has led to patients’ longer life expectancy. It has also made breast cancer a chronic disease, increasing the risk of late side effects of oncological therapy. More cardiovascular diseases are diagnose in patients over 65 with an oncological history than in those without it and therefore much effort must be made to maximise effectiveness of the therapy with as few side effects as possible. The article presents two breast cancer patients treated with big doses of liposomal doxorubicin with a good response and almost no side effects.

13

Detection of circulating breast cancer cells in peripheral blood by a two-marker reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay.

80%

Fabisiewicz A., Kulik J., Kober P., Brewczyńska E., Pieńkowski T., Siedlecki J. A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2004

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vol. 51

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issue 3

747-755

EN

The aim of this study was to use a two-marker assay for the detection of breast cancer cells circulating in patients' blood. We have applied a PCR-based methodology to follow up the possibility of the development of metastatic disease in stage I and II patients who had undergone curative surgery. Since the number of circulating cancer cells in peripheral blood is very low, the technique for their detection needs to be not only highly sensitive, but also very specific. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique may improve the sensitivity of breast cancer cell detection up to only a few cells per one million. The principle of the RT-PCR assay is to amplify a messenger RNA characteristic for breast epithelial cells in a blood sample. Since we do not expect such cells to be circulating in peripheral blood of healthy subjects, detection of the characteristic mRNA should indicate the presence of circulating breast cancer cells. We analyzed the usefulness of three mRNA markers: cytokeratin 19 (CK19), mammaglobin (hMAM) and β subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) for this test. Blood samples (112) were obtained from 55 patients, in stages I and II, with or without metastasis to regional lymph nodes (N0 or N1). We found that a two-marker assay increases the sensitivity of detection of breast cancer cells in comparison with a single-marker one. Combination of two tumor-specific mRNA markers, hMAM/CK19 or β-hCG/CK19, allowed the detection of circulating breast cancer cells in 65% of N1 patients and 38% of N0 patients. By comparison, the combination hMAM/β-hCG allowed the detection of circulating breast cancer cells in the blood of 68% of N1 patients and 46% of N0 patients. Addition of the third marker did not significantly increase the detection sensitivity.

14

Myocardial dysfunction related to trastuzumab therapy – is effective treatment always possible?

80%

Szmit S., Kownacki Ł., Torbicki A.

OncoReview

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 2

A62-68

EN

Left ventricle systolic dysfunction manifesting during trastuzumab treatment is defined as cardiotoxicity type II. It is characterized by full reversibility after discontinuation of trastuzumab and cardiological pharmacological treatment. In a group of patients, however, systolic cardiac function does not fully recover. The reasons of this unfavorable prognosis are subject of heated discussion.

15

Multimodal Ultrasonic Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection

80%

Camacho J., Medina L., Cruza J. F., Moreno J. M., Fritsch C.

Archives of Acoustics

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2012

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vol. 37

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issue 3

16

Satisfaction with life and health-promoting behaviours in the context of prevention and early detection of breast cancer in physically active women

80%

Nowicki A., Kosicka B., Lemanowicz M.

OncoReview

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2017

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vol. 7

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issue 1

5-14

EN

Objective: Assessment of the impact of life satisfaction in physically active women on their health promoting behaviours in terms of prevention and early detection of breast cancer. Materials and methods: The study, involving 100 women, was carried out in a fitness centre in Bydgoszcz in 2015. The research instruments used included the authors’ self-designed questionnaire and the SWLS life satisfaction score. Results: Women aged 25–34 constituted 57% of the study participants, with 82% of them domiciled in the city, and 74% of them holding secondary or higher education qualifications. 67% of them assessed their knowledge about breast cancer and breast cancer prevention programme as good, 65% of them believed it was impossible to protect oneself from cancer, 68% of them occasionally consumed alcohol. 89% of the respondents engaged in breast self-examination, and 68.4% of the subjects aged 25–34 considered excessive weight/obesity as a risk factor. 61.5% of women aged 45–60 were smokers. Respondents living in the city would dedicate one hour more for physical activity than those from the countryside. 93.2% of women with secondary/tertiary education carried out breast self-examination. Surveyed women received high scores on the scale of life satisfaction, averaging 25.69 points, they were less likely to smoke cigarettes, and more likely to engage in breast self examination (95.5%). Conclusions: Physically active women assess their knowledge on health-promoting behaviours well, lead a healthy lifestyle, and avoid breast cancer risk factors. Physically active women accomplish a high level of life satisfaction, which is especially true for married women with a higher education degree. On the other hand, life satisfaction does not correlate with age, place of residence or marital status. Women presenting a high level of life satisfaction are more involved in health-promoting behaviours, carry out regular breast self-examination, and undergo preventative medical check-ups.

17

Anti-breast cancer potential of honey: a narrative review

80%

Qadirifard M. S., Fathabadi A., Hajishah H., Gholami K., Abbasi M., Sami N., Zo M. M., Kadkhodaei F., Sina M., Ansari A., Rahimi Z., Deravi N.

OncoReview

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2022

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vol. 12

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issue 1

5-15

EN

Cancer is responsible for the death of millions of people all around the world. Among the large group of cancers, the prevalence of breast cancer is highest in women. Therapeutic interventions, including removal surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy which is largely used, may cause adverse effects on the quality of patients’ life. This fact has encouraged researchers to find natural substances such as honey to overcome harmful effects. Nowadays, honey is recommended for plenty of abnormalities because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Various studies have been conducted to explore the anticancer benefits of different types of honey from different origins. In this review, we are going to summarize in-vitro, animal, and human studies on the anti-breast cancer potential of honey.

18

The use of fulvestrant in patients with advanced breast cancer

80%

Kufel-Grabowska J.

OncoReview

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2018

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vol. 8

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issue 1

15-18

EN

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women in Poland and the entire world, but thanks to early diagnostics and efficacious therapeutic methods, its prognosis is good. In some patients with advanced breast cancer, long-term survival is observed, which is why it is essential to select the most appropriate therapy, and to follow up on the course of disease and possible adverse events related to the treatment applied. The slow development of hormone-receptor-positive cancer, and a multitude of therapeutic options constitute a real challenge in palliative treatment. The use of fulvestrant resulted in a good response in both of the presented cases, and did not in any way comprise the daily lives of the patients over a long period of time.

19

Effect of yoga in the modulation of heart rate variability in patients with breast cancer

80%

Odynets T., Briskin Y., Todorova V., Tyshchenko V., Bondarenko O.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2019

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vol. 33

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issue 4

5-11

EN

Introduction The aim of this study was to examine the effect of yoga on heart rate variability in patients with breast cancer in an outpatient rehabilitation program. Material and methods Eighty-four patients with breast cancer were eligible for this study. After the exclusion of 7 women, 77 participants were randomly allocated to a yoga exercise program (group A, n=33) and Pilates exercise program (group B, n=44). Heart rate variability parameters were evaluated at baseline, after six and twelve months of yoga exercises. Results After twelve months of performing yoga exercises, standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) improved by 5.53 ms (p<0.001), square root of the mean of the squared differences between adjacent normal RR interval (RMSSD) improved by 4.91 ms (p<0.01), total power (TP) improved by 279.78 ms2 (p<0.001), very low frequency (VLF) improved by 109.76 ms2 (p<0.01), low frequency (LF) improved by 88.38 ms2 (p<0.01), high frequency (HF) improved by 77.60 ms2 (p<0.05), and stress index (Si) improved by 137.24 c.u. (p<0.01). Based on the results after 12 months, women in group A showed significantly better results compared to group B in SDNN by 3.28 ms (p<0.05), RMSSD by 3.34 ms (p<0.05), TP by 170.33 ms2 (p<0.05), HF by 64.33 (p<0.05), and Si by 56.49 c.u. (p<0.05). Conclusions Performing the yoga exercise program resulted in an increase of the parasympathetic and baroreflex effects on the cardiovascular system and a decrease in the tonic effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Yoga should be considered as an effective tool in normalizing the functional state of the autonomic nervous system.

20

Acceptance of illness after surgery in patients with breast cancer in the early postoperative period

80%

Nowicki A., Krzemkowska E., Rhone P.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2015

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vol. 87(11)

539-550

EN

The breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, both in Poland and in the world. Consequences entail a disruption in the physical, psychological and social functioning. The aim of the study was to assess the acceptance of illness by patients treated for breast cancer in the early postoperative period. Material and methods. The research was conducted on the group of 100 consecutive patients aged 32‑80 years (median 56 years) who underwent surgery for breast cancer in the Centre of Oncology in Bydgoszcz w 2014 roku. 68 of women had mastectomy, 32 of women had conservative surgery. Polling was conducted in the early period after surgery. The original questionnaire containing closed questions the scale of acceptance of the disease (AIS) as well as mental adaptation to cancer (Mini-Mac) was used in the study. Results. 38% of patients had high acceptance of the disease, 48% averageand 14% had low acceptance. Patients after conservative surgery had a higher average values for the mental strategies to cope with the disease, for the fighting spirit (23.1), helplessness and hopelessness (13.5), positive revaluation (23), the patients had a lower average (16.5) in the strategy to absorb anxiety. Patients after conservative surgery had a higher average for constructive style (2.6) but lower for destructive style (1.5). High level of mental coping with the disease was observed in 53%of patients with constructive style and 4% of patients with destructive style. While, a low level of mental coping with the dosease was observed in 5% of patients with constructive style and 46% of patients with destructive style. Conclusions. Almost half of women after mastectomy or conservative surgery had an average acceptance of the disease. The disease was accepted best by educated women living in the cities, whitecollar workers with a good economic situation. The following factors were affected the better management of the disease, in order: age, education, current occupation and economic situation, while the type of surgery did not affect better management. More than half of women, regardless of the type of surgery reflected the high level of constructive style.

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